Pyrophosphatases, also known as diphosphatases, are
acid anhydride hydrolases
Acid anhydride hydrolases are a class of hydrolase enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of an acid anhydride bond. They are classified under EC number 3.6. One well known member of this class is GTPase
GTPases are a large family of hydrolase en ...
that act upon
diphosphate
In chemistry, pyrophosphates are phosphorus oxyanions that contain two phosphorus atoms in a P–O–P linkage. A number of pyrophosphate salts exist, such as disodium pyrophosphate (Na2H2P2O7) and tetrasodium pyrophosphate (Na4P2O7), among o ...
bonds.
Examples include:
*
Inorganic pyrophosphatase
Inorganic pyrophosphatase (or inorganic diphosphatase, PPase) is an enzyme () that catalyzes the conversion of one ion of pyrophosphate to two phosphate ions. This is a highly exergonic reaction, and therefore can be coupled to unfavorable bi ...
, which acts upon the free pyrophosphate ion
*
Tobacco acid pyrophosphatase Tobacco Acid Pyrophosphatase (TAP) is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a phosphoric ester bond in a broad spectrum of molecules, including the 5'-end of mRNA
In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-strande ...
, which catalyses the hydrolysis of a
phosphoric ester
In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an oxoacid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one hydroxyl group () is replaced by an alkoxy group (), as in the substitution reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Glycerides are ...
* Various organic pyrophosphatases, which act upon organic molecules with the pyrophosphate group (but excluding triphosphatases that act on the final bond):
**
Thiamine pyrophosphatase
In enzymology, a nucleoside-diphosphatase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
:a nucleoside diphosphate + H2O \rightleftharpoons a nucleotide + phosphate
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are nucleoside diphosphate and ...
See also
*
References
External links
*
EC 3.6.1
{{3.6-enzyme-stub