Pyatina (russian: пятина) was a first-level unit of administrative division of Novgorod Land. The name ''pyatina'' originates from the word russian: пять, which means "five". Novgorod Land was subdivided into five pyatinas. The division was first mentioned in the end of the 15th century and was in use after Novgorod was taken over by the Grand Duchy of Moscow. It is unclear whether the division existed in the

Novgorod Republic The Novgorod Republic was a medieval state that existed from the 12th to 15th centuries, stretching from the Gulf of Finland in the west to the northern Ural Mountains in the east, including the city of Novgorod and the Lake Ladoga regions of ...

. The division into pyatinas was abolished in the 18th century, after the governorates were established. The five pyatinas were * Vodskaya Pyatina to the north and northwest of Novgorod (the left bank of the Volkhov River). Named after the Votic people. It included parts of

Novgorod Veliky Novgorod ( rus, links=no, Великий Новгород, t=Great Newtown, p=vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj ˈnovɡərət), also known as just Novgorod (), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the o ...

and

Leningrad Oblast Leningrad Oblast ( rus, Ленинградская область, Leningradskaya oblast’, lʲɪnʲɪnˈgratskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ, , ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It was established on 1 August 1927, although it was not until 1 ...

s and the

Republic of Karelia The Republic of Karelia (russian: Респу́блика Каре́лия, Respublika Kareliya; ; krl, Karjalan tašavalta; ; fi, Karjalan tasavalta; vep, Karjalan Tazovaldkund, Ludic: ''Kard’alan tazavald''), also known as just Karelia (ru ...

, as well as parts of

Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bo ...

. * Obonezhskaya Pyatina to the northeast of Novgorod, on the right bank of the Volkhov. This pyatina continued north to Lake Onega and further to the

White Sea The White Sea (russian: Белое море, ''Béloye móre''; Karelian and fi, Vienanmeri, lit. Dvina Sea; yrk, Сэрако ямʼ, ''Serako yam'') is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is s ...

. It included parts of Novgorod, Leningrad,

Vologda Vologda ( rus, Вологда, p=ˈvoləɡdə) is a city and the administrative center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the river Vologda within the watershed of the Northern Dvina. Population: The city serves as a major transport hub of ...

, and Arkhangelsk Oblasts, and the

. * Shelonskaya Pyatina to the southwest of Novgorod, along the Shelon River. It included parts of Novgorod, Pskov, and

s. * Derevskaya Pyatina to the east and southeast of Novgorod. It included parts of Novgorod and Tver Oblasts. * Bezhetskaya Pyatina to the east of Novgorod, between Derevskaya and Obonezhskaya pyatinas. It included parts of Novgorod, Vologda, and Tver Oblasts. Four of the five pyatinas (with the exception of Bezhetskaya Pyatina) were adjacent to the city of Novgorod. The corresponding quarters of Novgorod served as the administrative centers of these pyatinas.

References

{{reflist Former administrative units of Russia