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In 
A pre-defined pattern of puncturing is used in an encoder, in some cases. Then, the inverse operation, known as depuncturing, is implemented by the decoder.
Puncturing is used in
"Radio Access Networks for UMTS: Principles and Practice"
2011. Puncturing was introduced by Gustave Solomon and J. J. Stiffler in 1964.
coding theory
Coding theory is the study of the properties of codes and their respective fitness for specific applications. Codes are used for data compression, cryptography, error detection and correction, data transmission and computer data storage, data sto ...
, puncturing is the process of removing some of the parity bits after encoding with an error-correction code. This has the same effect as encoding with an error-correction code with a higher rate, or less redundancy. However, with puncturing the same decoder can be used regardless of how many bits have been punctured, thus puncturing considerably increases the flexibility of the system without significantly increasing its complexity.
A pre-defined pattern of puncturing is used in an encoder, in some cases. Then, the inverse operation, known as depuncturing, is implemented by the decoder.
Puncturing is used in UMTS
The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is a 3G mobile cellular system for networks based on the GSM standard. UMTS uses Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, wideband code-division multiple access (W-CDMA) radio access technolog ...
during the rate matching process. It is also used in Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi () is a family of wireless network protocols based on the IEEE 802.11 family of standards, which are commonly used for Wireless LAN, local area networking of devices and Internet access, allowing nearby digital devices to exchange data by ...
, Wi-SUN, GPRS
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), also called 2.5G, is a mobile data standard on the 2G cellular communication network's Global System for Mobile Communications, global system for mobile communications (GSM). Networks and mobile devices wit ...
, EDGE, DVB-T
DVB-T, short for Digital Video Broadcasting – Terrestrial, is the DVB European-based consortium standard for the broadcast transmission of digital terrestrial television that was first published in 1997 and first broadcast in Singapore in Fe ...
and DAB, as well as in the DRM Standards.
Puncturing is often used with the Viterbi algorithm in coding systems.
During Radio Resource Control
The Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol is used in UMTS, LTE and 5G on the Air interface. It is a layer 3 (Network Layer) protocol used between UE and Base Station. This protocol is specified by 3GPP in TS 25.331 for UMTS, in TS 36.331 for LT ...
(RRC) Connection set procedure, during sending NBAP radio link setup message the uplink puncturing limit will send to NODE B, along with U/L spreading factor & U/L scrambling code.
Chris Johnson"Radio Access Networks for UMTS: Principles and Practice"
2011. Puncturing was introduced by Gustave Solomon and J. J. Stiffler in 1964.
See also
*Singleton bound
In coding theory, the Singleton bound, named after the American mathematician Richard Collom Singleton (1928–2007), is a relatively crude upper bound on the size of an arbitrary block code C with block length n, size M and minimum distance d. It ...
, an upper bound in coding theory
References
* Coding theory {{Telecomm-stub