Punctidae,

common name In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often con ...

the "dot snails" or "pinhead snails", is a

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

of small air-breathing

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have gastropod shell, shel ...

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth, as opposed to extraterrestrial. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on o ...

pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates is an informal group (previously an order, and before that, a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group inclu ...

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s or

micromollusk A micromollusc is a shelled mollusc which is extremely small, even at full adult size. The word is usually, but not exclusively, applied to marine molluscs, although in addition, numerous species of land snails and freshwater molluscs also ...

s in the informal group

Sigmurethra Sigmurethra is a taxonomic category of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. This is an informal group which includes most land snails and slugs. The two strong synapomorphies of Sigmurethra are a long ...

(according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

Genera

The family Punctidae includes the following genera: * Subfamily Laominae Suter, 1913 ** '' Allenella'' Iredale, 1944 ** '' Charopinesta'' Iredale, 1944 ** ''

Christianoconcha ''Christianoconcha'' is a genus of small air-breathing land snails, Terrestrial animal, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Punctidae, the dot snails. Species Species in the genus ''Christianoconcha'' include: * ''Christianoconcha quin ...

'' Iredale, 1945 ** '' Dignamoconcha'' Iredale, 1944 ** '' Goweriana'' Shea & Griffiths, 2010 ** '' Gratilaoma'' Iredale, 1939 ** '' Iotula'' Iredale, 1941 ** '' Kaputaresta'' J. Stanisic, 2010 ** '' Kokikora'' Climo & Goulstone, 1995 ** '' Kokopapa'' Climo & Mahlfeld, 2012 ** '' Laoma'' Gray, 1850 ** '' Laomarex'' A. W. B. Powell, 1948 ** '' Laomavix'' Iredale, 1933 ** '' Laomopa'' Iredale, 1945 ** '' Magilaoma'' Iredale, 1937 ** '' Miselaoma'' Iredale, 1933 ** '' Obanella'' Dell, 1952 ** ''

Paralaoma ''Paralaoma'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the subfamily Laominae of the family Punctidae, the dot snails. Species The genus ''Paralaoma'' ...

'' Iredale, 1913 ** '' Pasmaditta'' Kershaw & B. J. Smith, 1986 ** '' Pedicamista'' Kershaw & B. J. Smith, 1986 ** '' Pernastela'' Iredale, 1944 ** '' Phrixgnathus'' Hutton, 1882 ** '' Pichikadi'' Vargas-Almonacid & Stuardo, 2007 ** '' Pseudiotula'' J. Stanisic, 2010 ** ''

Semilaoma ''Semilaoma'' is a genus of three pinhead or dot snail species that are endemic to Australia's Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea The Tasman Sea is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand. It ...

'' Iredale, 1944 ** '' Servanda'' Houston, 2008 ** '' Taguahelix'' A. W. B. Powell, 1955 ** '' Tescilaoma'' J. Stanisic, 2018 ** '' Trocholaoma'' Iredale, 1937 ** '' Turbolaoma'' Iredale, 1937 ** '' Westralaoma'' Iredale, 1939 * Subfamily Punctinae E. S. Morse, 1864 ** '' Punctum'' Morse, 1864 * Genus †'' Atactolaoma'' B. A. Marshall & Worthy, 2017 ;Synonyms: * ''Allentula'' Iredale, 1958: synonym of ''Allenella'' Iredale, 1944 (unnecessary substitute name for ''Alenella'' Iredale, 1944) * ''Paraloma'' Iredale, 1913: synonym of ''Paralaoma'' Iredale, 1913 (incorrect subsequent spelling) * ''Pleuropunctum'' Germain, 1928: synonym of ''Paralaoma'' Iredale, 1913 * ''Toltecia'' Pilsbry, 1926: synonym of ''Paralaoma'' Iredale, 1913

References

* Bank, R. A. (2017). Classification of the Recent terrestrial Gastropoda of the World. Last update: July 16, 2017. * Bouchet P., Rocroi J.P., Hausdorf B., Kaim A., Kano Y., Nützel A., Parkhaev P., Schrödl M. & Strong E.E. (2017). Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia. 61(1-2): 1–526. {{Punctidae-stub