A public employment service is a government's organization which matches employers to employees.
History
One of the oldest references to a public employment agency was in 1650, when
Henry Robinson proposed an "Office of Addresses and Encounters" that would link employers to workers.
The
English Parliament
The Parliament of England was the legislature of the Kingdom of England from the 13th century until 1707 when it was replaced by the Parliament of Great Britain. Parliament evolved from the great council of bishops and peers that advised th ...
rejected the proposal, but he himself opened such a business, although it was short-lived.
Since the beginning of the twentieth century, every
developed country
A developed country, or advanced country, is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations. Most commonly, the criteria for eval ...
has created a public employment agency as a way to combat
unemployment
Unemployment, according to the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), is the proportion of people above a specified age (usually 15) not being in paid employment or self-employment but currently available for work du ...
and help people find work. In 1988, public employment services from six countries founded the
World Association of Public Employment Services. As of 2016, 85 PES from all over the world have joined the association.
[World Association of Public Employment Service]
About Us
retrieved on 18 February 2017.
Public employment service by country
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom the first agency began in
London
London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...
, through the
Labour Bureau (London) Act 1902, and subsequently went nationwide, a movement prompted by the Liberal government through the
Labour Exchanges Act 1909. The present public provider of job search help is called
Jobcentre Plus.
United States
In the United States, a federal programme of employment services was rolled out in the
New Deal
The New Deal was a series of wide-reaching economic, social, and political reforms enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1938, in response to the Great Depression in the United States, Great Depressi ...
. The initial legislation was called the
Wagner-Peyser Act of 1933. More recently, job services happen through
one-stop centers established by the
Workforce Investment Act of 1998, reformed by the
Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act of 2013.
Other countries
*
Pôle emploi
France Travail (English: ''France Employment Agency''), previously Pôle emploi (; English: ''Employment Centre''), is a French governmental agency which registers unemployed people, helps them find jobs and provides them with financial aid.
Cr ...
,
France's Public employment service
*
Hello Work (
Japan
Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...
ese government's Employment Service Center)
*
PESO
The peso is the monetary unit of several Hispanophone, Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, as well as the Philippines. Originating in the Spanish Empire, the word translates to "weight". In most countries of the Americas, the symbol com ...
(Public Employment Service agency of the
Philippines
The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...
)
*
Public Employment Service (Lithuania)
* AMS, Austria
Arbeitsmarktservice
*
Bundesagentur für Arbeit, (Federal employment agency of
Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...
)
* PSZ, Poland
Publiczne Służby Zatrudnienia
* Hellenic Manpower Employment Organization, Greece
Οργανισμός Απασχολήσεως Εργατικού Δυναμικού (ΟΑΕΔ)
See also
*
Employment agency
An employment agency is an organization which matches employers to employees. In developed countries, there are multiple private businesses which act as employment agencies and a publicly funded employment agency.
Public employment agencies
One ...
*
UK agency worker law
Notes
References
*DE Balducchi, RW Eberts, CJ O'Leary (eds),
Labour Exchange Policy in the United States' (
W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research 2004)
*P Craig, M Freedland, C Jacqueson and N Kountouris, ''Public Employment Services and European Law'' (2007)
*International Labour Office, ''The role of private employment agencies in the functioning of labour markets'' (Report VI 1994) International Labour Conference 81st Session
*R Kellogg, ''The United States Employment Service'' (University of Chicago Press 1933)
*T Martinez, ''The Human Marketplace: An Examination of Private Employment Agencies'' (Transaction 1976)
*JB Seymour, ''The British Employment Exchange'' (PS King & Son 1928)
External links
Official Website of the World Association of Public Employment Services
Recruitment
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