Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'' ''Ptisana'' is a genus in the

eusporangiate fern Eusporangiate ferns are vascular spore plants, whose sporangia arise from several epidermal cells and not from a single cell as in leptosporangiate ferns. Typically these ferns have reduced root systems and sporangia that produce large amounts ...

family

Marattiaceae Marattiaceae is the only family of extant (living) ferns in the order Marattiales. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), Marattiales is the only order in the subclass Marattiidae. The family has six genera and about ...

, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''

Marattia ''Marattia'' is a small genus of basal, large, fleshy eusporangiate ferns. It is the type genus of the family Marattiaceae, order Marattiales and class Marattiopsida. Formerly considered to be a much larger genus, genetic analysis has shown t ...

''. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, which supported recognition of this group on the basis of genetic analysis and morphology. ''Ptisana'' can be distinguished from ''Marattia'' by the presence of distinct sutures at the point of leaflet attachment, deeply cut

synangia A sporangium (from Late Latin, ; : sporangia) is an enclosure in which spores are formed. It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular. Virtually all plants, fungi, and many other groups form sporangia at some point in their lif ...

, and the absence of labiate sporangial apertures. The name ''Ptisana'' is derived from the Latin word for

pearl barley Pearl barley, or pearled barley, is barley that has been processed to remove its fibrous outer hull and polished to remove some or all of the bran Bran, also known as miller's bran, is the component of a Cereal, cereal grain consisting o ...

, an allusion to the shape of the synangia. ''Ptisana'' has a palaeotropical distribution, with the westernmost extreme of the range in

Ascension Island Ascension Island is an isolated volcanic island, 7°56′ south of the Equator in the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean. It is about from the coast of Africa and from the coast of South America. It is governed as part of the British Overs ...

and extending eastward through tropical Africa, Asia, and Oceania. Ferns in this genus are generally quite large, with fronds often reaching 2–3 meters in length; the one known exception to this is ''Ptisana rolandi-principis'', a critically endangered dwarf species endemic to the Plateau de Dogny in New Caledonia. The basal chromosome number for ''Ptisana'' is ''2n=78'', whereas the one count for ''Marattia'' in the strict sense is ''2n=80''. The type species for the genus is ''

Ptisana salicina ''Ptisana salicina'', or king fern, is a species of fern native to Norfolk Island, New Zealand and the South Pacific. Large and robust with a distinctive tropical appearance, it has fronds up to 5 metres (16 feet +/-) tall that arise from a star ...

,'' the type specimen of which was collected on

Norfolk Island Norfolk Island ( , ; ) is an States and territories of Australia, external territory of Australia located in the Pacific Ocean between New Zealand and New Caledonia, directly east of Australia's Evans Head, New South Wales, Evans Head and a ...

Species

, World Ferns accepts the following 36 species: *'' Ptisana africana'' Christenh. – East Africa *'' Ptisana ambulans'' Murdock & C.W.Chen –

Solomon Islands Solomon Islands, also known simply as the Solomons,John Prados, ''Islands of Destiny'', Dutton Caliber, 2012, p,20 and passim is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 1000 smaller islands in Melanesia, part of Oceania, t ...

*''

Ptisana attenutata Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'' ''Ptisana'' is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''Marattia''. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, ...

'' ( Labill.) Murdock – New Caledonia *'' Ptisana boivinii'' ( Mett. ex Kuhn) Senterre & Rouhan – Madagascar *''

Ptisana boninensis Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'' ''Ptisana'' is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''Marattia''. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, ...

'' ( Nakai) Yonek. –

Bonin Islands The Bonin Islands, also known as the , is a list of islands of Japan, Japanese archipelago of over 30 subtropical and Island#Tropical islands, tropical islands located around SSE of Tokyo and northwest of Guam. The group as a whole has a total ...

*''

Ptisana costulisora Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'' ''Ptisana'' is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''Marattia''. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, ...

'' ( Altson) Murdock –

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island, with an area of . Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is ...

and nearby islands *''

Ptisana decipiens file:Ptisana fraxinea var salicifolia, sori, Iphithi NR, a.jpg, Sorus, Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'' ''Ptisana'' is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''Marattia''. The es ...

'' Murdock & C.W.Chen – Solomon Islands *'' Ptisana fraxinea'' (Sm.) Murdock – Africa to India, including Indian Ocean islands *''

Ptisana grandifolia Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'' ''Ptisana'' is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''Marattia''. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, ...

'' ( Copel.) Murdock – New Guinea *'' Ptisana howeana'' ( W.R.B. Oliver) Murdock –

Lord Howe Island Lord Howe Island (; formerly Lord Howe's Island) is an irregularly crescent-shaped volcanic remnant in the Tasman Sea between Australia and New Zealand, part of the Australian state of New South Wales. It lies directly east of mainland Port ...

*'' Ptisana kingii'' (Copel.) Christenh. – New Guinea *'' Ptisana koordersii'' (

Alderw. Cornelis Rugier Willem Karel van Alderwerelt van Rosenburgh (Java Island, 23 December 1863 – The Hague, 1 March 1936) was a Dutch botanist Botany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, ...

) Christenh. – Sulawesi *'' Ptisana laboudalloniana'' Senterre & I.Fabre – Seychelles *'' Ptisana melanesica'' (Kuhn) Murdock –

and nearby islands *'' Ptisana mertensiana'' (

C.Presl Carl Borivoj Presl (; 17 February 1794 – 2 October 1852) was a Czech botanist. Biography Presl lived his entire life in Prague, and was a professor of botany at the University of Prague (1833–52).Micronesia Micronesia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania, consisting of approximately 2,000 small islands in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. It has a close shared cultural history with three other island regions: Maritime Southeast Asia to the west, Poly ...

*'' Ptisana novoguineensis'' ( Rosenst.) Murdock – New Guinea *'' Ptisana obesa'' (

Christ Jesus ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ, Jesus of Nazareth, and many other names and titles, was a 1st-century Jewish preacher and religious leader. He is the Jesus in Christianity, central figure of Christianity, the M ...

) Murdock – New Guinea *'' Ptisana odontosora'' (Christ) Senterre & Rouhan –

Guinea Guinea, officially the Republic of Guinea, is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Guinea-Bissau to the northwest, Senegal to the north, Mali to the northeast, Côte d'Ivoire to the southeast, and Sier ...

*'' Ptisana oreades'' ( Domin) Murdock – northern Australia *'' Ptisana papuana'' (Alderw.) Murdock & C.W.Chen – Solomon Islands *'' Ptisana paleolata'' – Sumatra *'' Ptisana pellucida'' (C.Presl) Murdock – Malaysia, Philippines *''

Ptisana platybasis Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'' ''Ptisana'' is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''Marattia''. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, ...

'' (Copel.) Murdock – New Guinea *'' Ptisana purpurascens'' (

de Vriese De Vriese is a Flemish surname. It is one of several Belgian equivalents of the much more numerous Dutch family name De Vries. Notable people with this family name include: * Bertha De Vriese (1877–1958), Belgian physician * Emmerik De Vriese ( ...

) Murdock –

*''

Ptisana rigida Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'' ''Ptisana'' is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''Marattia''. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, ...

'' (Alderw.) Murdock – New Guinea, Sulawesi *'' Ptisana robusta'' (Altson) Senterre & I.Fabre –

São Tomé São Tomé is the capital and largest city of the Central African island country of São Tomé and Príncipe. Its name is Portuguese for " Saint Thomas". Founded in the 15th century, it is one of Africa's oldest colonial cities. History Álv ...

*'' Ptisana rolandi-principis'' (Rosenst.) Christenh. –

New Caledonia New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t ...

*''

Ptisana salicifolia Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'' ''Ptisana'' is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''Marattia''. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, ...

'' (

Schrad. Heinrich Adolf Schrader (1 January 1767 in Alfeld near Hildesheim – 22 October 1836 in Göttingen) was a German botanist and mycologist. He studied medicine early in life. He named the Australian plant genus ''Hakea'' in 1797. In 1795 he re ...

) Senterre & Rouhan – South Africa, Zimbabwe,

Malawi Malawi, officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa. It is bordered by Zambia to the west, Tanzania to the north and northeast, and Mozambique to the east, south, and southwest. Malawi spans over and ...

and

Mozambique Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique, is a country located in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Eswatini and South Afr ...

*''

'' (Sm.) Murdock – king fern; South Pacific islands, including New Guinea *'' Ptisana sambucina'' ( Blume) Murdock –

Malesia Malesia is a biogeographical region straddling the Equator and the boundaries of the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. It is a phytogeographical floristic region in the Paleotropical kingdom. It was first recognized as a distinct region ...

and Vietnam *''

Ptisana senterreana Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'' ''Ptisana'' is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''Marattia''. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, ...

'' Christenh. –

Cameroon Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon, is a country in Central Africa. It shares boundaries with Nigeria to the west and north, Chad to the northeast, the Central African Republic to the east, and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the R ...

Gabon Gabon ( ; ), officially the Gabonese Republic (), is a country on the Atlantic coast of Central Africa, on the equator, bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the north, the Republic of the Congo to the east and south, and ...

Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea, officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, is a country on the west coast of Central Africa. It has an area of . Formerly the colony of Spanish Guinea, its post-independence name refers to its location both near the Equ ...

*'' Ptisana smithii'' ( Mett. ex Kuhn) Murdock –

Vanuatu Vanuatu ( or ; ), officially the Republic of Vanuatu (; ), is an island country in Melanesia located in the South Pacific Ocean. The archipelago, which is of volcanic origin, is east of northern Australia, northeast of New Caledonia, east o ...

Fiji Fiji, officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists of an archipelago of more than 330 islands—of which about ...

Samoa Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa and known until 1997 as Western Samoa, is an island country in Polynesia, part of Oceania, in the South Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main islands (Savai'i and Upolu), two smaller, inhabited ...

Tonga Tonga, officially the Kingdom of Tonga, is an island country in Polynesia, part of Oceania. The country has 171 islands, of which 45 are inhabited. Its total surface area is about , scattered over in the southern Pacific Ocean. accordin ...

*'' Ptisana soluta'' ( Compton) Murdock &

Perrie Perrie is both a surname and given name, and may refer to: Surname * Ian Perrie (born 1979), Australian rules footballer * Lynne Perrie (1931–2006), English actress * Maureen Perrie (born 1946), lecturer in Russian History Given name * Perrie ...

– New Caledonia *'' Ptisana squamosa'' (Christ) Murdock – New Guinea *''

Ptisana sylvatica Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'' ''Ptisana'' is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''Marattia''. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, ...

'' (Blume) Murdock – Malesia *'' Ptisana ternatea'' (de Vriese) Murdock – Moluccas, New Guinea, the Philippines

Phylogeny

Phylogeny of ''Ptisana''

References

Marattiidae Fern genera Taxa described in 2008 {{fern-stub