Psocomorpha is a

suborder Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized ...

of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * A socio-political or established or existing order, e.g. World order, Ancien Regime, Pax Britannica * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood ...

Psocodea Psocodea is a taxonomic group of insects comprising the bark lice, book lice and parasitic lice. It was formerly considered a superorder, but is now generally considered by entomologists as an order. Despite the greatly differing appearance of ...

(formerly

Psocoptera Psocoptera () are a paraphyletic group of insects that are commonly known as booklice, barklice or barkflies. The name Psocoptera has been replaced with Psocodea in recent literature, with the inclusion of the former order Phthiraptera into Psoc ...

). There are more than 20 families and 5,300 described species in Psocomorpha. Green-eyed Barklouse - Flickr - treegrow

Phylogeny

The below

cladogram A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an Phylogenetic tree, evolutionary tree because it does not s ...

shows the position of Psocomorpha:

Fossil record

The oldest fossil record of the suborder is '' Burmesopsocus lienhardi'' from the mid-Cretaceous (early

Cenomanian The Cenomanian is, in the International Commission on Stratigraphy's (ICS) geological timescale, the oldest or earliest age (geology), age of the Late Cretaceous epoch (geology), Epoch or the lowest stage (stratigraphy), stage of the Upper Cretace ...

)

Burmese amber Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. Th ...

, which is not assigned to any family.

Classification

Psocomorpha contains 6

infraorder Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classific ...

s and 26

families Family (from ) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictability, structure, and safety as ...

: *

Archipsocetae Archipsocidae is a family (biology), family of barklice of the order (biology), order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. Members of the family are characterized by their reduced wing venation. Some species are v ...

Archipsocidae Archipsocidae is a family of barklice of the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. Members of the family are characterized by their reduced wing venation. Some species are viviparous In animals, vivipari ...

Pearman, 1936 (ancient barklice) *

Caeciliusetae Caeciliusetae is an infraorder of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) in the suborder Psocomorpha. There are about 6 families and more than 1,300 described species in Caeciliusetae. Families These six families belong to the infraorder Caeciliuseta ...

** Amphipsocidae Pearman, 1936 (hairy-winged barklice) ** Asiopsocidae Mockford & Garcia Aldrete, 1976 **

Caeciliusidae Caeciliusidae is a family (biology), family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. The family was once named Caeciliidae, but the latter name was changed because of homonymy with the amphibian family Caeciliidae. ...

Mockford, 2000 (lizard barklice) ** Dasydemellidae Mockford, 1978 (shaggy psocids) ** Paracaeciliidae Mockford, 1989 **

Stenopsocidae Stenopsocidae is a family of Psocoptera belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha Psocomorpha is a suborder of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the order (biology), order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). There are more than 20 families and ...

Pearman, 1936 (narrow barklice) *

Epipsocetae Epipsocetae is an infraorder of psocids in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). There are about 5 families and more than 480 described species in Epipsocetae. Families These five families belong to the infraorder Epipsocetae: * Cladiopsoci ...

Cladiopsocidae Cladiopsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. Like the other members of the infraorder Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified ...

Smithers, 1972 **

Dolabellopsocidae Dolabellopsocidae is an insect family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha, that includes the genera '' Isthmopsocus'', '' Dolabellopsocus'', and '' Auroropsocus''. Like the other members of the infraorder Epips ...

Eertmoed, 1973 **

Epipsocidae Epipsocidae is an insect family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha, that includes, among others, the genera '' Bertkauia'', '' Epipsocus'', '' Epipsocopsis'', '' Goja'', and the New Guinean endemic '' Dicropso ...

Pearman, 1936 (elliptical barklice) **

Ptiloneuridae Ptiloneuridae (literally "downy veins") is a family (biology), family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. Like the other members of the infraorder Epipsocetae, they have a Insect mouthparts#Labrum, labrum with ...

Roesler, 1940 ** Spurostigmatidae Eertmoed, 1973 *

Homilopsocidea Homilopscocidea is an infraorder of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). It is probably a paraphyletic Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendan ...

Ectopsocidae Ectopsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) (book lice or bark lice) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. The family includes fewer than 200 species, most of them in the genus '' Ectopsocus''. Distribution & Habitat They are dis ...

Roesler, 1944 (outer barklice) **

Elipsocidae Elipsocidae is a Family (biology), family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the infraorder Homilopsocidea. Members of the family have a free areola postica. Many species are apterous (without wings). The family includes about 130 spe ...

Pearman, 1936 (damp barklice) ** Lachesillidae Pearman, 1936 (fateful barklice) ** Lesneiidae Schmidt & New, 2004 **

Mesopsocidae Mesopsocidae is a Family (biology), family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. Members of the family are characterized by their free areola postica. The family includes more than 70 species. References Sour ...

Pearman, 1936 (middle barklice) **

Peripsocidae Peripsocidae is a Family (biology), family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. Members of the family are characterised by their absence of an areola postica in their wings. Many of the recently described gener ...

Roesler, 1944 (stout barklice) ** Sabulopsocidae Schmidt & New, 2004 *

Philotarsetae Philotarsetae is an infraorder of bark lice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), within the suborder Psocomorpha. Phylogeny The below cladogram of Psocodea shows the position of Philotarsetae within Psocomorpha: Families These three fa ...

Philotarsidae Philotarsidae is a family (biology), family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. The family is closely related to the family Pseudocaeciliidae, both within the infraorder Philotarsetae. It includes the followi ...

Pearman, 1936 (loving barklice) **

Pseudocaeciliidae Pseudocaeciliidae is a family (biology), family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. The name stems from a superficial resemblance to the distantly related family Caeciliusidae (formerly Caeciliidae). The fami ...

Pearman, 1936 (false lizard barklice) **

Trichopsocidae Trichopsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha Psocomorpha is a suborder of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the order (biology), order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). There are more ...

Pearman, 1936 (lash-faced psocids) *

Psocetae Psocetae is an infraorder of bark lice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), within the suborder Psocomorpha. It includes the families Hemipsocidae, Myopsocidae, Psilopsocidae and Psocidae Psocidae is a family (biology), family of b ...

Hemipsocidae Hemipsocidae is an insect family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the infraorder Psocetae. Members of the family have the areola postica joined to the M vein by a crossvein, and their M vein is two-branched. This family comprises tw ...

Pearman, 1936 (leaf litter barklice) **

Myopsocidae Myopsocidae is a family (biology), family of mouse-like barklice, belonging to the infraorder Psocetae of the order (biology), order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). This family is closely related to Psocidae, with which it shares similar wing-ven ...

Pearman, 1936 (mouse-like barklice) **

Psilopsocidae Psilopsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the infraorder Psocetae Psocetae is an infraorder of bark lice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), within the suborder Psocomorpha. It includes the families Hem ...

Roesler, 1944 **

Psocidae Psocidae is a family (biology), family of barklice in the order (biology), order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). Members of this family are recognized by their wing-venation, where the areola postica is fused to the M-vein, giving rise to the ...

Hagen, 1865 (common barklice)

References

External links

* Insect suborders Psocodea {{psocoptera-stub

Phylogeny

Fossil record

Classification

References

Further reading

External links