Pseudo-Probus was a 4th-century AD

grammar In linguistics, grammar is the set of rules for how a natural language is structured, as demonstrated by its speakers or writers. Grammar rules may concern the use of clauses, phrases, and words. The term may also refer to the study of such rul ...

ian of

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

. He wrote a number of books on the subject. All are misattributed to

Marcus Valerius Probus Marcus Valerius Probus, sometimes called Berytius or Probus the Berytian (c. 20/30 – 105 AD), was a Roman grammarian and critic, who flourished during Nero's reign. He was a student rather than a teacher, and devoted himself to the criticism ...

, including: #''Catholica Probi'', on the declension of nouns, the conjugation of verbs, and the rhythmic endings of sentences. This is now generally regarded as the work of the grammarian

Marius Plotius Sacerdos Marius Plotius Sacerdos was a Roman grammarian who flourished towards the end of the third century CE. He wrote an ''ars grammatica'' in three books, the third of which treats of meter The metre (or meter in US spelling; symbol: m) is the ...

(3rd century). #''Instituta artium'', on the eight parts of speech, also called ''Ars vaticana'' (after the

Vatican Vatican may refer to: Geography * Vatican City, an independent city-state surrounded by Rome, Italy * Vatican Hill, in Rome, namesake of Vatican City * Ager Vaticanus, an alluvial plain in Rome * Vatican, an unincorporated community in the ...

, where it was found). As mention is made in it of the

Baths of Diocletian The Baths of Diocletian (Latin: ''Thermae Diocletiani'', Italian: ''Terme di Diocleziano'') were public baths in ancient Rome. Named after emperor Diocletian and built from AD 298 to 306, they were the largest of the imperial baths. The project w ...

, it cannot be earlier than the 4th century. It is possibly by a later Probus, whose existence is, however, problematical. #''

Appendix Probi The ("Probus' Appendix") is the conventional name for a series of five documents believed to have been copied in the seventh or eighth century in Bobbio, Italy. Its name derives from the fact that the documents were found attached to a copy of ...

'', dealing with the noun, the use of cases, rules of

orthography An orthography is a set of convention (norm), conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, punctuation, Word#Word boundaries, word boundaries, capitalization, hyphenation, and Emphasis (typography), emphasis. Most national ...

(valuable in reference to the pronunciation of Latin at the time), and a table of ''Differentiae''. As the author has evidently used the Institute, it also must be assigned to a late date. #''De nomine excerpta'', a compilation from various grammatical works. #''De ultimis syllabis ad Caelestinum'', a work explaining the quantities and other features of word-endings in the Latin language. He also wrote at least one text on the author

Vergil Publius Vergilius Maro (; 15 October 70 BC21 September 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil ( ) in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. He composed three of the most famous poems in Latin literature: the ''Eclogues'' ...

.Virgil's Georgics: A New Interpretation
/ref>

References

{{reflist 4th-century writers in Latin Linguists