Psalmodius
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Saint Psalmodius, also known as ''Psalmet, Sauman, Saumay'', was a 7th-century
Christian A Christian () is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a Monotheism, monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus in Christianity, Jesus Christ. Christians form the largest religious community in the wo ...
hermit A hermit, also known as an eremite (adjectival form: hermitic or eremitic) or solitary, is a person who lives in seclusion. Eremitism plays a role in a variety of religions. Description In Christianity, the term was originally applied to a Chr ...
. Assumed to have been born to a noble family of
Scotia Scotia is a Latin placename derived from ''Scoti'', a Latin name for the Gaels, first attested in the late 3rd century.Duffy, Seán. ''Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia''. Routledge, 2005. p. 698. The Romans referred to Ireland as "Scotia" aro ...
,Alban Butler, ''The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints'' (B. Dornin, 1821), 213. he became a disciple of
Saint Brendan Brendan of Clonfert (c. AD 484 – c. 577) is one of the early Irish monastic saints and one of the Twelve Apostles of Ireland. He is also referred to as Brendan the Navigator, Brendan the Voyager, Brendan the Anchorite, and Brendan the Bold ...
as a young boy. Psalmodius, whose original
Celtic Celtic, Celtics or Keltic may refer to: Language and ethnicity *pertaining to Celts, a collection of Indo-European peoples in Europe and Anatolia **Celts (modern) *Celtic languages **Proto-Celtic language *Celtic music *Celtic nations Sports Foot ...
name is unknown,John O’Hanlon, ''Lives of the Irish Saints'' (Original from Oxford University, 1873. Digitized Aug 30, 2006), 658. is said to have been lost at sea (perhaps the
Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the ...
) for three days as a young boy. According to the legend, Psalmodius had fallen asleep on the beach, and was resting on a small raft during a day in which he had been playing with his friends. He was swept out to sea, and, encircled by large waves, he prayed for divine assistance;
God In monotheistic belief systems, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator, and principal object of faith. In polytheistic belief systems, a god is "a spirit or being believed to have created, or for controlling some part of the un ...
raised an island in the ocean to prevent the young boy from
drowning Drowning is a type of Asphyxia, suffocation induced by the submersion of the mouth and nose in a liquid. Submersion injury refers to both drowning and near-miss incidents. Most instances of fatal drowning occur alone or in situations where othe ...
. Gaufredus (Geoffroi), a
cenobite Cenobitic (or coenobitic) monasticism is a monastic tradition that stresses community life. Often in the West the community belongs to a religious order, and the life of the cenobitic monk is regulated by a religious rule, a collection of prece ...
of the
Abbey of Saint Martial, Limoges The Abbey of Saint Martial (; Limousin dialect, Limousin: ''Abadiá de Sent Marçau de Limòtges'') was a monastery in Limoges, France, founded in 848 and dissolved in 1791. The buildings were razed at the beginning of the 19th century. The only ...
, wrote an account of Psalmodius’ life, and writes that Psalmodius was a contemporary of St. Gregory the Great. According to this account of Psalmodius' life, St. Brendan convinced Psalmodius to journey with him to
Gaul Gaul () was a region of Western Europe first clearly described by the Roman people, Romans, encompassing present-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany, and Northern Italy. It covered an area of . Ac ...
, and around 630 AD, they arrived at
Saintonge Saintonge may refer to: *County of Saintonge, a historical province of France on the Atlantic coast * Saintonge (region), a region of France corresponding to the historical province * Saintonge ware, a medieval pottery type produced in Saintes reg ...
, where they were received by Saint Leontius, bishop of Saintes. Psalmodius became a student of Leontius. Leontius subsequently advised Psalmodius to take up a life of solitude and contemplation.John O’Hanlon, ''Lives of the Irish Saints'' (Original from Oxford University, 1873. Digitized Aug 30, 2006), 659. Psalmodius became a hermit in a small cell in the forest of Grigeas or Grie, in the
Limousin Limousin (; ) is a former administrative region of southwest-central France. Named after the old province of Limousin, the administrative region was founded in 1960. It comprised three departments: Corrèze, Creuse, and Haute-Vienne. On 1 Jan ...
near
Eymoutiers Eymoutiers () is a Communes of France, commune in the Haute-Vienne Departments of France, department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine Regions of France, region in western France. History The foundation of Eymoutiers can be traced back to a church and a ...
. He acquired the name of ''Psalmodius'' (his original Celtic name is unknown) because he loved to sing
psalms The Book of Psalms ( , ; ; ; ; , in Islam also called Zabur, ), also known as the Psalter, is the first book of the third section of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) called ('Writings'), and a book of the Old Testament. The book is an anthology of B ...
. Numerous
miracles A miracle is an event that is inexplicable by natural or scientific lawsOne dictionary define"Miracle"as: "A surprising and welcome event that is not explicable by natural or scientific laws and is therefore considered to be the work of a divin ...
were attributed to Psalmodius. As a hermit with a reputation for sanctity, Psalmodius is said to have had power over wild beasts and
demons A demon is a malevolent supernatural entity. Historically, belief in demons, or stories about demons, occurs in folklore, mythology, religion, occultism, and literature; these beliefs are reflected in media including fiction, comics, film, t ...
. He restored a blind woman to sight and healed the Duke of Aquitaine's daughter, who had been bitten by a
viper Vipers are snakes in the family Viperidae, found in most parts of the world, except for Antarctica, Australia, Hawaii, Madagascar, New Zealand, Ireland, and various other isolated islands. They are venomous and have long (relative to non-vipe ...
. Once, a wolf ate the donkey that Psalmodius used to carry burdens; Psalmodius ordered the wolf to replace the donkey as his beast of burden (a similar tale is told of
Saint Romedius Saint Romedius (). Though the son of a nobleman, as a young man he withdrew to a rock cave in order to meditate. After the death of his parents, he gave away all of his possessions and established himself in the Val di Non () in Trentino. History ...
). He also rescued a man who had been swallowed up by a snake. It is said that Psalmodius died on the Ides of June (i.e. the middle of June), but the actual year is unknown.


Veneration

When Psalmodius died, he was buried on the banks of the
Vienne River The Vienne (; , ) is a major river in south-western France. It is long. It is a significant left tributary of the lower Loire. It supports numerous hydroelectric dams, and it is the main river of the northern part of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine regio ...
. A church was built over his tomb; later a monastery was attached to it. The monastery was at the foot of the hill (“ayen-moutiers”), a description that turned into the
place-name Toponymy, toponymics, or toponomastics is the study of '' toponyms'' (proper names of places, also known as place names and geographic names), including their origins, meanings, usage, and types. ''Toponym'' is the general term for a proper nam ...
of ''Eymoutiers''. Psalmodius’ relics were placed in a silver shrine at the collegiate church associated with the monastery of Eymoutiers. An ancient
Breviary A breviary () is a liturgical book used in Christianity for praying the canonical hours, usually recited at seven fixed prayer times. Historically, different breviaries were used in the various parts of Christendom, such as Aberdeen Breviar ...
associated with the
diocese of Limoges The Diocese of Limoges (Latin: ''Dioecesis Lemovicensis''; French: ''Diocèse de Limoges'') is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The diocese comprises the '' départments'' of Haute-Vienne and Creuse. After the Concordat ...
includes the
feast days The calendar of saints is the traditional Christian method of organizing a liturgical year by associating each day with one or more saints and referring to the day as the feast day or feast of said saint. The word "feast" in this context does n ...
of Psalmodius and
Anthony of Padua Anthony of Padua, Order of Friars Minor, OFM, (; ; ) or Anthony of Lisbon (; ; ; born Fernando Martins de Bulhões; 15 August 1195 – 13 June 1231) was a Portuguese people, Portuguese Catholic priest and member of the Order of Friars Minor. ...
, listed on 13 June. Psalmodius’ Office was celebrated under a
Double Rite Double, The Double or Dubble may refer to: Mathematics and computing * Multiplication by 2 * Double precision, a floating-point representation of numbers that is typically 64 bits in length * A double number of the form x+yj, where j^2=+1 * A 2 ...
, and the saint’s name appears in the Kalendar of Limoges, in the Menology of David Camerarius, in the Martyrology of Andrew Saussay, in the work of Ferrarius, in the work of Simon Martin, in the work of the
Bollandists The Bollandist Society (; ) is an association of scholars, philologists, and historians (originally all Jesuits, but now including non-Jesuits) who since the early seventeenth century have studied hagiography and the cult of the saints in Christia ...
, and in the work of the Petits Bollandistes.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Psalmodius Christian hermits 690 deaths 7th-century Irish people 7th-century Frankish saints Medieval Irish saints Medieval Scottish saints Irish expatriates in France Year of birth unknown