''Prostanthera'', commonly known as mintbush or mint bush, is a genus of about 100 species of flowering plants in the mint family (botany), family Lamiaceae, and all are Endemism, endemic to Australia. Plants are usually shrubs, rarely trees with leaves in opposite pairs. The flowers are arranged in panicles in the leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets. The sepals are joined at the base with two lobes. The petals are usually blue to purple or white, joined in a tube with two "lips", the lower lip with three lobes and the upper lip with two lobes or notched.

Description

Plants in the genus ''Prostanthera'' are usually shrubs or subshrubs, rarely trees, with leaves arranged in opposite pairs. The flowers are arranged in panicles in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets with bracts and Bract#Bracteole, bracteoles at the base. The sepals are joined at the base but with two lobes. The petals form a tube with two lips, the lower lip with three, usually spreading lobes and the upper lip with two lobes or a notch at the tip. The petal tube is bluish purple to white or more or less red. There are four stamens, the Stamen#anther, anthers often with a small appendage. The Ovary (botany), ovary has four lobes and the tip of the Stigma (botany), stigma has two branches.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Prostanthera'' was first formally described in 1806 by Jacques Labillardière in his book ''Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen'' and the first species he described was ''Prostanthera lasianthos''. The word is derived from the Greek for an appendage. Within the flowers are small spur-like appendages on the anthers.

Ecology

''Prostanthera'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of Hepialidae, hepialid moths of the genus ''Aenetus'' including ''A. eximia'' and ''A. ligniveren''.

Uses

Mint bushes are cultivated as ornamental plants, ornamentals and for essential oils and spices.

Species list

The following is a list of species accepted at the Australian Plant Census as at August 2020: * ''Prostanthera albiflora'' Barry Conn, B.J.Conn (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera albohirta'' C.T.White (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera althoferi'' B.J.Conn (W.A., N.T., S.A.) ** ''Prostanthera althoferi'' B.J.Conn subsp. ''althoferi'' (W.A.) ** ''Prostanthera althoferi'' subsp. ''longifolia'' B.J.Conn (N.T., S.A.) * ''Prostanthera ammophila'' B.J.Conn (S.A.) * ''Prostanthera arapilensis'' Mark L. Williams (botanist), M.L.Williams, Andrew N. Drinnan, Drinnan & Neville Grant Walsh, N.G.Walsh (Vic.) * ''Prostanthera askania'' B.J.Conn (N.S.W.) – tranquility mint-bush * ''Prostanthera aspalathoides'' A.Cunn. ex Benth. (S.A., N.S.W., Vic.) – scarlet mint-bush * ''Prostanthera athertoniana'' B.J.Conn & Trevor C. Wilson, T.C.Wilson (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera baxteri'' A.Cunn. ex Benth. (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera behriana'' Schltdl. (S.A.) * ''Prostanthera caerulea'' R.Br. (N.S.W.) – lilac mint-bush * ''Prostanthera calycina'' F.Muell. ex Benth. (S.A.) – west coast mint-bush * ''Prostanthera campbellii'' F.Muell. (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera canaliculata'' F.Muell. (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera carrickiana'' B.J.Conn (W.A.) – Carrick's mintbush * ''Prostanthera centralis'' B.J.Conn (W.A., N.T.) * ''Prostanthera chlorantha'' (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth. (S.A.) – green mintbush * ''Prostanthera cineolifera'' Richard Thomas Baker, R.T.Baker & H.G.Sm. (N.S.W.) – Singleton mint bush * ''Prostanthera clotteniana'' (F.M.Bailey.) A.R.Bean (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera collina'' Karel Domin, Domin (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera conniana'' T.C.Wilson (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera cruciflora'' J.H.Willis (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera cryptandroides'' A.Cunn. ex Benth. (Qld., N.S.W.)- Wollemi mint-bush ** ''Prostanthera cryptandroides'' A.Cunn. ex Benth. subsp. ''cryptandroides'' (N.S.W.) – Wollemi mint-bush ** ''Prostanthera cryptandroides'' subsp. ''euphrasioides'' (Benth.) B.J.Conn (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera cuneata'' Benth. (N.S.W.) – alpine mint-bush * ''Prostanthera decussata'' F.Muell. (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.) – dense mintbush * ''Prostanthera densa'' A.A.Ham. (N.S.W.) – villous mint-bush * ''Prostanthera denticulata'' R.Br. (N.S.W., Vic.) – rough mint-bush * ''Prostanthera discolor'' R.T.Baker (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera eckersleyana'' F.Muell. (W.A.) – crinkly mint-bush * ''Prostanthera eungella'' B.J.Conn & Kirstin M. Proft, K.M.Proft (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera eurybioides'' F.Muell. (S.A.) – Monarto mint-bush * ''Prostanthera ferricola'' B.J.Conn & Kelly Anne Shepherd, K.A.Sheph. (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera florifera'' B.J.Conn (S.A.) – Gawler Ranges mintbush * ''Prostanthera galbraithiae'' B.J.Conn (Vic.) – Wellington mint-bush * ''Prostanthera gilesii'' George Althofer, Althofer ex B.J.Conn & T.C.Wilson (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera granitica'' Joseph Maiden, Maiden & Ernst Betche, Betche (Qld., N.S.W.) – granite mint-bush * ''Prostanthera grylloana'' F.Muell. (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera hindii'' B.J.Conn (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera hirtula'' F.Muell. ex Benth. (N.S.W., Vic.) * ''Prostanthera howelliae'' William Blakely, Blakely (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera incana'' A.Cunn. ex Benth. (N.S.W., Vic.) - velvet mint-bush * ''Prostanthera incisa'' R.Br. (Qld., N.S.W., Vic.) – cut-leaved mint-bush * ''Prostanthera incurvata'' B.J.Conn (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera junonis'' B.J.Conn (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera lanceolata'' Domin (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera laricoides'' B.J.Conn (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera lasianthos'' Labill. (Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.) – Victorian Christmas bush * ''Prostanthera leichhardtii'' Benth. (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera linearis'' R.Br. (Qld., N.S.W.) – narrow-leaved mint-bush * ''Prostanthera lithospermoides'' F.Muell. (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera magnifica'' C.A.Gardner (W.A.) – magnificent mint-bush * ''Prostanthera makinsonii'' B.J.Conn & T.C.Wilson (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera marifolia'' R.Br. (N.S.W.) – Seaforth mint-bush * ''Prostanthera megacalyx'' C.T.White & W.D.Francis (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera melissifolia'' F.Muell. (N.S.W., Vic.) – balm mint-bush * ''Prostanthera monticola'' B.J.Conn (N.S.W., Vic.) – monkey mint-bush, buffalo mint-bush * ''Prostanthera mulliganensis'' B.J.Conn & T.C.Wilson (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera nanophylla'' B.J.Conn (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera nivea'' A.Cunn. ex Benth. (Qld., N.S.W., Vic.) – snowy mint-bush ** ''Prostanthera nivea'' var. ''induta'' Benth. (N.S.W.) ** ''Prostanthera nivea'' A.Cunn. ex Benth. var. ''nivea'' (N.S.W., Vic.) * ''Prostanthera nudula'' J.M.Black ex Enid Lucy Robertson, E.L.Robertson (S.A.) * ''Prostanthera oleoides'' T.C.Wilson & B.J.Conn (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera ovalifolia'' R.Br. (Qld., N.S.W., Vic.) – mint bush * ''Prostanthera palustris'' B.J.Conn (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera parvifolia'' Domin (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera patens'' B.J.Conn (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera pedicellata'' B.J.Conn (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera petraea'' B.J.Conn (Qld., N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera petrophila'' B.J.Conn (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera phylicifolia'' F.Muell. (Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.) – spiked mint-bush * ''Prostanthera porcata'' B.J.Conn (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera prostantheroides'' (F.Muell.) T.C.Wilson, Murray James Henwood, M.J.Henwood & B.J.Conn (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera prunelloides'' R.Br. (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera rhombea'' R.Br. (N.S.W., Vic.) - sparkling mint-bush * ''Prostanthera ringens'' Benth. (Qld., N.S.W.) – gaping mint-bush * ''Prostanthera rotundifolia'' R.Br. (N.S.W., Vic., Tas.) – round-leaf mint-bush * ''Prostanthera rugosa'' A.Cunn. ex Benth. (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera saxicola'' R.Br. (Qld., N.S.W., Vic.) ** ''Prostanthera saxicola'' var. ''bracteolata'' J.H.Willis (Qld., N.S.W., Vic.) ** ''Prostanthera saxicola'' var. ''major'' Benth. (Qld., N.S.W.) ** ''Prostanthera saxicola'' var. ''montana'' A.A.Ham. (N.S.W.) ** ''Prostanthera saxicola'' R.Br. var. ''saxicola'' (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera schultzii'' F.Muell. ex Ralph Tate, Tate (N.T.) * ''Prostanthera scutata'' C.A.Gardner (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera scutellarioides'' (R.Br.) Briq. (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera sejuncta'' M.L.Williams, Drinnan & N.G.Walsh (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera semiteres'' B.J.Conn (W.A.) ** ''Prostanthera semiteres'' subsp. ''intricata'' B.J.Conn (W.A.) ** ''Prostanthera semiteres'' B.J.Conn subsp. ''semiteres'' (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera sericea'' (J.M.Black) B.J.Conn (W.A., N.T., S.A.) * ''Prostanthera serpyllifolia'' (R.Br.) Briq. (W.A., S.A., N.S.W., Vic.) – small-leaved mint-bush ** ''Prostanthera serpyllifolia'' subsp. ''microphylla'' (R.Br.) B.J.Conn (N.S.W., S.A., Vic., W.A.) ** ''Prostanthera serpyllifolia'' (R.Br.) Briq. subsp. ''serpyllifolia'' (S.A., W.A.) * ''Prostanthera spinosa'' F.Muell. (S.A., Vic.) – spiny mint-bush * ''Prostanthera splendens'' B.J.Conn (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera staurophylla'' F.Muell. (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera stenophylla'' B.J.Conn (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera striatiflora'' F.Muell. (W.A., N.T., S.A., N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera stricta'' R.T.Baker (N.S.W.) – Mount Vincent mint-bush * ''Prostanthera suborbicularis'' C.T.White & W.D.Francis (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera tallowa'' B.J.Conn & T.C.Wilson (N.S.W.) * ''Prostanthera teretifolia'' Maiden & Betche (N.S.W.) – turpentine mint-bush * ''Prostanthera tozerana'' B.J.Conn & T.C.Wilson (Qld.) * ''Prostanthera tysoniana'' (John Carrick (botanist), Carrick) B.J.Conn (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera verticillaris'' B.J.Conn (W.A.) * ''Prostanthera violacea'' R.Br. (N.S.W.) – violet mint-bush * ''Prostanthera walteri'' F.Muell. (N.S.W., Vic.) – blotchy mint-bush * ''Prostanthera wilkieana'' F.Muell. (W.A., N.T., S.A.)

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q2702908 Prostanthera, Lamiales of Australia Lamiaceae genera Taxa named by Jacques Labillardière Endemic flora of Australia