Proportionality, proportion or proportional may refer to:
Mathematics
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Proportionality (mathematics)
In mathematics, two sequences of numbers, often experimental data, are proportional or directly proportional if their corresponding elements have a constant ratio. The ratio is called ''coefficient of proportionality'' (or ''proportionality ...
, the property of two variables being in a multiplicative relation to a constant
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Ratio
In mathematics, a ratio () shows how many times one number contains another. For example, if there are eight oranges and six lemons in a bowl of fruit, then the ratio of oranges to lemons is eight to six (that is, 8:6, which is equivalent to the ...
, of one quantity to another, especially of a part compared to a whole
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Fraction (mathematics)
A fraction (from , "broken") represents a part of a whole or, more generally, any number of equal parts. When spoken in everyday English, a fraction describes how many parts of a certain size there are, for example, one-half, eight-fifths, thre ...
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Aspect ratio
The aspect ratio of a geometry, geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions. For example, the aspect ratio of a rectangle is the ratio of its longer side to its shorter side—the ratio of width to height, when the rectangl ...
or proportions
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Proportional division
A proportional division is a kind of fair division in which a resource is divided among ''n'' partners with subjective valuations, giving each partner at least 1/''n'' of the resource by his/her own subjective valuation.
Proportionality was the f ...
, a kind of fair division
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Percentage
In mathematics, a percentage () is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction (mathematics), fraction of 100. It is often Denotation, denoted using the ''percent sign'' (%), although the abbreviations ''pct.'', ''pct'', and sometimes ''pc'' are ...
, a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100
Science and art
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Proportional fonts
A typeface (or font family) is a design of letters, numbers and other symbols, to be used in printing or for electronic display. Most typefaces include variations in size (e.g., 24 point), weight (e.g., light, bold), slope (e.g., italic), width ...
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Proportionally fair
Proportional-fair scheduling is a compromise-based scheduling algorithm. It is based upon maintaining a balance between two competing interests: Trying to maximize the total throughput of the network (wired or not) while at the same time allowin ...
, a scheduling algorithm
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Proportional control
Proportional control, in engineering and process control, is a type of linear feedback control system in which a correction is applied to the controlled variable, and the size of the correction is proportional to the difference between the desi ...
, a type of linear feedback control system
Other uses
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Proportionality (law)
Proportionality is a general principle in law which covers several separate (although related) concepts:
*The concept of proportionality is used as a criterion of fairness and justice in statutory interpretation processes, especially in consti ...
, a legal principle
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Proportionality (International Humanitarian Law)
Proportionality is a general principle in law which covers several separate (although related) concepts:
*The concept of proportionality is used as a criterion of fairness and justice in statutory interpretation processes, especially in const ...
, a
law of war
The law of war is a component of international law that regulates the conditions for initiating war (''jus ad bellum'') and the conduct of hostilities (''jus in bello''). Laws of war define sovereignty and nationhood, states and territories, ...
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Proportion (architecture)
Proportion is a central principle of architectural theory and an important connection between mathematics and art. It is the visual effect of the relationship of the various objects and spaces that make up a structure to one another and to the w ...
, describes the relationships between elements of a design
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Body proportions
Body proportions is the study of artistic anatomy, which attempts to explore the relation of the elements of the human body to each other and to the whole. These ratios are used in depictions of the human figure and may become part of an artisti ...
, in art, the study of relation of human body parts to each other and the whole
See also
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Proportional representation
Proportional representation (PR) refers to any electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. The concept applies mainly to political divisions (Political party, political parties) amon ...
, in electoral systems
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