Progestogen-only injectable contraceptives (POICs) are a form of
hormonal contraception
Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the endocrine system. Almost all methods are composed of steroid hormones, although in India one selective estrogen receptor modulator is marketed as a contraceptive. The origi ...
and
progestogen-only contraception that are administered by
injection and providing long-lasting
birth control.
As opposed to
combined injectable contraceptive
Combined injectable contraceptives (CICs) are a form of hormonal birth control for women. They consist of monthly injections of combined formulations containing an estrogen and a progestin to prevent pregnancy.
CICs are different from progesto ...
s, they contain only a
progestogen without an
estrogen
Estrogen or oestrogen is a category of sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. There are three major endogenous estrogens that have estrogenic hormonal a ...
, and include two
progestin
A progestogen, also referred to as a progestagen, gestagen, or gestogen, is a type of medication which produces effects similar to those of the natural female sex hormone progesterone in the body. A progestin is a '' synthetic'' progestogen. Pro ...
preparations:
*
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (brand names Depo-Provera, Provera, Depo-subQ Provera 104)
– 150 mg (
intramuscular
Intramuscular injection, often abbreviated IM, is the injection of a substance into a muscle. In medicine, it is one of several methods for parenteral administration of medications. Intramuscular injection may be preferred because muscles have ...
ly) or 104 mg (
subcutaneous Subcutaneous may refer to:
* Subcutaneous injection
* Subcutaneous tissue
The subcutaneous tissue (), also called the hypodermis, hypoderm (), subcutis, superficial fascia, is the lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. The ...
ly) every 3 months
*
Norethisterone enanthate (brand names NET EN, Noristerat, Norigest, Doryxas)
– 200 mg (intramuscularly) every 2 months
Research
Progestogens that have been studied for potential use as POICs but were never marketed as such include the
progesterone
Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. It belongs to a group of steroid hormones called the progestogens and is the ma ...
derivatives
algestone acetophenide
Algestone acetophenide, also known more commonly as dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide (DHPA) and sold under the brand names Perlutal and Topasel among others, is a progestin medication which is used in combination with an estrogen as a form of ...
(dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide) (100 mg/month),
chlormadinone acetate (250 mg/3 months),
hydroxyprogesterone caproate
Hydroxyprogesterone caproate (OHPC), sold under the brand names Proluton and Makena among others, is a progestin medication which is used to prevent preterm birth in pregnant women with a history of the condition and to treat gynecological diso ...
(250–500 mg/month),
gestonorone caproate (2.5–200 mg/1–2 months), and
oxogestone phenpropionate (50–75 mg/month), and the
testosterone
Testosterone is the primary sex hormone and anabolic steroid in males. In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testes and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteris ...
derivatives
lynestrenol phenylpropionate (25–75 mg/month),
levonorgestrel butanoate,
levonorgestrel cyclobutylcarboxylate, and
levonorgestrel cyclopropylcarboxylate.
Some of these have been introduced for use in
combined injectable contraceptive
Combined injectable contraceptives (CICs) are a form of hormonal birth control for women. They consist of monthly injections of combined formulations containing an estrogen and a progestin to prevent pregnancy.
CICs are different from progesto ...
s instead.
[Benagiano, G., & Merialdi, M. (2011). Carl Djerassi and the World Health Organisation special programme of research in human reproduction. Journal für Reproduktionsmedizin und Endokrinologie-Journal of Reproductive Medicine and Endocrinology, 8(1), 10-13. http://www.kup.at/kup/pdf/10163.pdf]
See also
*
Combined oral contraceptive pill
The combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP), often referred to as the birth control pill or colloquially as "the pill", is a type of birth control that is designed to be taken orally by women. The pill contains two important hormones: proges ...
*
Progestogen-only pill
Progestogen-only pills or progestin-only pills (POP) are contraceptive pills that contain only synthetic progestogens (progestins) and do not contain estrogen. They are colloquially known as mini pills.
Although such pills are sometimes called "p ...
References
{{Progesterone receptor modulators
Hormonal contraception
Progestogens