''Proctoporus'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of medium-sized

lizard Lizard is the common name used for all Squamata, squamate reptiles other than snakes (and to a lesser extent amphisbaenians), encompassing over 7,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most Island#Oceanic isla ...

s ( snout-vent length between and ) assigned to the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Gymnophthalmidae Gymnophthalmidae is a family of lizards with at least 250 species, sometimes known commonly as spectacled lizards or microteiids. They are called "spectacled" because of their transparent lower eyelids, which allow them to still see with closed ...

Species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

in the genus ''Proctoporus'' occur in

Yungas The Yungas ( Aymara ''yunka'' warm or temperate Andes or earth, Quechua ''yunka'' warm area on the slopes of the Andes) is a bioregion of a narrow band of forest along the eastern slope of the Andes Mountains from Peru and Bolivia, and extends i ...

forest A forest is an ecosystem characterized by a dense ecological community, community of trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, ...

s and wet

montane Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountains. The alpine climate in these regions strongly affects the ecosystem because temperatures lapse rate, fall as elevation increases, causing the ecosystem to stratify. This stratification is ...

grassland A grassland is an area where the vegetation is dominance (ecology), dominated by grasses (Poaceae). However, sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes such as clover, and other Herbaceo ...

s on the upper edge of the

Amazonian forest The Amazon rainforest, also called the Amazon jungle or Amazonia, is a moist broadleaf tropical rainforest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. This basin encompasses , of which are covered by the rainf ...

, between elevation, from Central

Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...

in the north to Central

Bolivia Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...

in the south.

Taxonomy

Species

The following 21 species are recognized as being valid.. www.reptile-database.org. *''

Proctoporus bolivianus ''Proctoporus bolivianus'', the Bolivian lightbulb lizard , is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered ...

'' – Bolivian lightbulb lizard *''

Proctoporus carabaya ''Proctoporus carabaya'' is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is endemic to Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the ...

'' *''

Proctoporus cephalolineatus ''Proctoporus cephalolineatus'' is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is endemic to Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting ...

'' *'' Proctoporus chasqui'' *'' Proctoporus guentheri'' – Günther's lightbulb lizard *'' Proctoporus iridescens'' *'' Proctoporus katerynae'' *'' Proctoporus kiziriani'' *'' Proctoporus lacertus'' *'' Proctoporus laudahnae'' *'' Proctoporus machupicchu'' – Machu Picchu Andean lizard *'' Proctoporus oreades'' *'' Proctoporus optimus'' *'' Proctoporus otishi'' *'' Proctoporus pachyurus'' – Tschudi's lightbulb lizard *'' Proctoporus rahmi'' – Rahm's sun tegu *'' Proctoporus spinalis'' – Boulenger's sun tegu *'' Proctoporus sucullucu'' *''

Proctoporus titans ''Proctoporus titans'' is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is endemic to Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the e ...

'' *''

Proctoporus unsaacae ''Proctoporus unsaacae'' is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. The species is endemic to Peru. Etymology The specific name, ''unsaacae'', is in honor of the herpetological research group at the '' Universidad Nacional de San Ant ...

'' *'' Proctoporus xestus'' – river teiid ''

Nota bene ( ; plural: ) is the Latin language, Latin phrase meaning ''note well''. In manuscripts, ''nota bene'' is abbreviated in upper-case as NB and N.B., and in lower-case as n.b. and nb; the editorial usages of ''nota bene'' and ''notate bene'' fi ...

'': A

binomial authority In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, altho ...

in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than ''Proctoporus''.

Taxonomy

Species

References

Further reading