Process Church Of The Final Judgment
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The Process Church of the Final Judgment, also known as the Process Church, was a British religious group established in 1966 and disestablished in the 1970s. Its founders were the English couple Mary Ann MacLean and Robert de Grimston, who spread the group's practices across parts of the United Kingdom and United States in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The Process Church's beliefs have been described as "a kind of neo-Gnostic theology". MacLean and de Grimston initially met as members of the
Church of Scientology The Church of Scientology is a group of interconnected corporate entities and other organizations devoted to the practice, administration and dissemination of Scientology, which is variously defined as a cult, a business, or a new religiou ...
in the early 1960s; the duo were ejected from the Church in 1962 and married the following year. They started a brief Scientology splinter group named Compulsions Analysis, which incorporated new religious elements; this developed into the Process Church, which was established in
London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...
in 1966. Its members initially lived in a commune in
Mayfair Mayfair is an area of Westminster, London, England, in the City of Westminster. It is in Central London and part of the West End. It is between Oxford Street, Regent Street, Piccadilly and Park Lane and one of the most expensive districts ...
, West London before moving to Xtul in Mexico's Yucatan peninsula. They later established a base of operations in the
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
in
New Orleans New Orleans (commonly known as NOLA or The Big Easy among other nicknames) is a Consolidated city-county, consolidated city-parish located along the Mississippi River in the U.S. state of Louisiana. With a population of 383,997 at the 2020 ...
. Prosecutors investigating the Los Angeles murders committed by the
Manson Family The Manson Family (known among its members as the Family) was a Intentional community, commune, gang, and cult led by criminal Charles Manson that was active in California in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The group at its peak consisted of a ...
in 1969 suggested that there were links between
Charles Manson Charles Milles Manson (; November 12, 1934 – November 19, 2017) was an American criminal, cult leader, and musician who led the Manson Family, a cult based in California in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Some cult members committed a Manson ...
and the Process Church, and despite the connection being unproven, the allegations subsequently damaged the Church's reputation. Authors who have written about the group include Ed Sanders, journalist Maury Terry, and in the early 1970s, the sociologist William Sims Bainbridge. In 1974, MacLean and de Grimston separated. The latter tried to continue the group with a small following, but this folded in 1979. MacLean retained the allegiance of the majority of Church members, later reforming the group as the Foundation Church of the Millennium (and a series of other names), which focused explicitly on Christian faith. In 1982, the Foundation Faith of God moved its base to
Utah Utah is a landlocked state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is one of the Four Corners states, sharing a border with Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. It also borders Wyoming to the northea ...
, where it established an animal rescue refuge in
Kanab Kanab ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Kane County, Utah, United States.Find a County
". ' ...
.


History


Background

Mary Ann MacLean, born in 1931, grew up in Glasgow. Various accounts have said that she had spent a year in the United States, had a relationship with the boxer
Sugar Ray Robinson Walker Smith Jr. (May 3, 1921 – April 12, 1989), better known as Sugar Ray Robinson, was an American professional boxer who competed from 1940 to 1965. He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1990. He is often regarde ...
, and worked as a high-end prostitute in London, servicing prominent figures in British business and politics. Robert Moor was born in Shanghai in 1935, relocating to Britain in his infancy. Moor joined the Cavalry, serving from 1954 to 1958. MacLean joined Scientology, and began working as an
auditor An auditor is a person or a firm appointed by a company to execute an audit.Practical Auditing, Kul Narsingh Shrestha, 2012, Nabin Prakashan, Nepal To act as an auditor, a person should be certified by the regulatory authority of accounting an ...
at the London branch of the
Church of Scientology The Church of Scientology is a group of interconnected corporate entities and other organizations devoted to the practice, administration and dissemination of Scientology, which is variously defined as a cult, a business, or a new religiou ...
. In 1962, Maclean and Moor met for the first time at the London Branch. They split with the Church of Scientology in 1962, and were married in 1963.


Foundation: 1963–1966

Together they set up Compulsions Analysis, a group which utilised both the methods of
Scientology Scientology is a set of beliefs and practices invented by the American author L. Ron Hubbard, and an associated movement. It is variously defined as a scam, a Scientology as a business, business, a cult, or a religion. Hubbard initially develo ...
and the ideas of the psychologist
Alfred Adler Alfred Adler ( ; ; 7 February 1870 – 28 May 1937) was an Austrian medical doctor, psychotherapist, and founder of the school of individual psychology. His emphasis on the importance of feelings of belonging, relationships within the family, a ...
. In establishing this company, they were financially assisted by a lawyer friend. Moor changed his name to Robert de Grimston. Moor distinguished the methods of Compulsions Analysis from Scientology in that it did not claim that its benefits were "infinite", stating that "we are not offering super powers, but a means that people can live on this side more effectively". In 1966, the regular clients of Compulsions Analysis formed into a new group, The Process, which took on an increasingly religious character. In March 1966, twenty-five members of the Process moved into a commune at 2 Balfour Place in
Mayfair Mayfair is an area of Westminster, London, England, in the City of Westminster. It is in Central London and part of the West End. It is between Oxford Street, Regent Street, Piccadilly and Park Lane and one of the most expensive districts ...
, an affluent area in the
West End of London The West End of London (commonly referred to as the West End) is a district of Central London, Central London, England, in the London Borough of Camden, London Boroughs of Camden and the City of Westminster. It is west of the City of London an ...
. In May, the group left London and relocated to a remote area. On 23 June, around 30 Church members—accompanied by their six Alsatian dogs—moved to Nassau in the
Bahamas The Bahamas, officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an archipelagic and island country within the Lucayan Archipelago of the Atlantic Ocean. It contains 97 per cent of the archipelago's land area and 88 per cent of its population. ...
. From there, they spent the rest of the summer seeking a more permanent location. In September 1966, the group members moved to
Mexico City Mexico City is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Mexico, largest city of Mexico, as well as the List of North American cities by population, most populous city in North America. It is one of the most important cultural and finan ...
. They obtained an old bus and began driving across the Yucatan Peninsula for a place to settle. They found a location known as Xtul; its name meant "the end" in the
Mayan language Mayan most commonly refers to: * Maya peoples, various indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica and northern Central America * Maya civilization, pre-Columbian culture of Mesoamerica and northern Central America * Mayan languages, language family spoken ...
, and the group took this as a portent that they should settle there. They set about establishing a community, although would only remain there for a month. They faced opposition from both locals and from the parents of several Church members, who enlisted anti-cult groups to try and recuperate their children through legal means. It was while there that the group clarified its hierarchical structure, with the De Grimstons at the top, who were referred to as "the Omega", followed by those regarded as masters, then priests, then prophets, and finally "messengers". In late September, a tropical hurricane devastated their settlement, and while some of them elected to stay, the De Grimstons and most of their followers decided to leave. The Yucatan experience remained an important part of the Process Church's own mythology. After that point, there would be a crucial division within the group between those who had gone through the Xtul experience and those who had not.


Establishing a presence in the United States: 1966–1973

By November 1966, most of the Process members were back in London. Between the end of that year and 1967, the Process began to operate as a church. It became increasingly evangelistic and focused on attracting new members. It opened a library and an all-night coffee shop known as Satan's Cavern. It also began issuing a magazine, at first titled ''The Common Market'' and later renamed ''The Process''. The Church's activities attracted the interest of a number of celebrities active in the realms of music and cinema, among them
Marianne Faithfull Marianne Evelyn Gabriel Faithfull (29 December 1946 – 30 January 2025) was an English singer and actress who achieved popularity in the 1960s with the release of her UK top 10 single " As Tears Go By". She became one of the leading female art ...
. In the early 1970s, the sociologist William Sims Bainbridge studied the group, producing an in-depth account of its activities. In 1967 and 1968, the De Grimstons made various further international travels, spending time in East Asia, the United States, Germany and Italy; in the latter they visited the ruins of the Abbey of Thelema on Cefalu, the commune established in the 1920s by British occultist
Aleister Crowley Aleister Crowley ( ; born Edward Alexander Crowley; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947) was an English occultist, ceremonial magician, poet, novelist, mountaineer, and painter. He founded the religion of Thelema, identifying himself as the pr ...
. From late 1968 onward, they began spending most of their time in the United States. The Church opened chapters in many U.S. cities, the first of which was in
New Orleans New Orleans (commonly known as NOLA or The Big Easy among other nicknames) is a Consolidated city-county, consolidated city-parish located along the Mississippi River in the U.S. state of Louisiana. With a population of 383,997 at the 2020 ...
, where the remaining members of the Xtul colony settled. Several European chapters followed, in Munich, Rome, and London. In the early 1970s it opened its largest chapter, in
Toronto Toronto ( , locally pronounced or ) is the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, most populous city in Canada. It is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario. With a p ...
, Canada. Introvigne thought that at its maximum capacity, the Process Church had "a few hundred active members."


San Francisco and the Charles Manson Murders

During its existence, the Process Church attracted much publicity. In
urban myth Urban legend (sometimes modern legend, urban myth, or simply legend) is a genre of folklore concerning stories about an unusual (usually scary) or humorous event that many people believe to be true but largely are not. These legends can be e ...
, the Process Church came to be associated with ritual murders, although no evidence of any such connection was ever forthcoming. Rumours spread that a number of Alsatians had been sacrificed around San Francisco, with these actions sometimes being associated with the Process Church, which kept Alsatians as pets.
Gavin Baddeley Gavin Baddeley (born 28 December 1966) is an ordained Reverend in the Church of Satan, and an experienced journalist who has worked for ''The Observer'' and ''Metal Hammer''. He is the occult authority for the BBC and Channel 4, has addressed Ca ...
later related that the Process Church "has become legendary, both in the annals of hippie history and Satanic lore". Police investigating the Tate-LaBianca Murders which were carried out by members of the
Manson Family The Manson Family (known among its members as the Family) was a Intentional community, commune, gang, and cult led by criminal Charles Manson that was active in California in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The group at its peak consisted of a ...
suspected a possible connection between the Family's leader
Charles Manson Charles Milles Manson (; November 12, 1934 – November 19, 2017) was an American criminal, cult leader, and musician who led the Manson Family, a cult based in California in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Some cult members committed a Manson ...
and the Process Church. When
Vincent Bugliosi Vincent T. Bugliosi Jr. (; August 18, 1934 – June 6, 2015) was an American prosecutor and author who served as Deputy District Attorney for the Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office between 1964 and 1972. He became best known for suc ...
, the prosecutor of the Manson trial, asked Manson if he knew Moor, he responded: "You're looking at him. Moor and I are one and the same".Bugliosi, Vincent with Gentry, Curt. ''Helter Skelter — The True Story of the Manson Murders 25th Anniversary Edition'', W.W. Norton & Company, 1994. p. 471 , . Two members of the Church subsequently visited Bugliosi to stress that the group had nothing to do with Manson or his Family. Manson's visitor's records indicate that the following day he was visited by the same two members. The Church then included a brief article on Manson in the 1971 ''Death'' issue of its magazine, in which it included a short essay by Manson himself next to another by the Roman Catholic writer
Malcolm Muggeridge Thomas Malcolm Muggeridge (24 March 1903 – 14 November 1990) was a conservative British journalist and satirist. His father, H. T. Muggeridge, was a socialist politician and one of the early Labour Party Members of Parliament (for Romford, i ...
. Bugliosi later suggested in his book '' Helter Skelter'' that Manson may have borrowed philosophically from the Process Church. Although no connection between the Process Church and Manson was ever substantiated, the group's reputation was damaged by the association. The number of donations received began to decline and Church members sometimes received abuse in public. To shift the group's image, its leaders played down their image of black garments and Alsatians and presented a softer interpretation of their four divinities doctrine to limit the Satanic elements. In his 1972 book ''The Family'', Ed Sanders alleged that Manson had been a member of the Process Church, as evidence citing the fact that Manson once lived in the same road as the Church's San Francisco location. That year, the Church took legal action against Sanders and his U.S. publisher
E. P. Dutton E. P. Dutton was an American book publishing company. It was founded as a book retailer in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1852 by Edward Payson Dutton. Since 1986, it has been an imprint of Penguin Group. Creator Edward Payson Dutton (January 1, ...
in the
United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois The United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (in case citations, N.D. Ill.) is the federal trial court with jurisdiction over the northern counties of Illinois. It is one of the busiest federal trial courts in the Uni ...
; the allegation was subsequently retracted from future printings of ''The Family''. It also brought legal action with the book's British publisher, although in a British court, the publisher won the case. By the late 1970s—when the Church itself had disbanded—it was common for anti-Satanist literature to allege that Manson was a member of the group and that both were linked to blood sacrifices. In his 1974 book ''America Bewitched'', author Daniel Logan cited the Process Church alongside Manson, the Church of Satan, and the British occultist
Aleister Crowley Aleister Crowley ( ; born Edward Alexander Crowley; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947) was an English occultist, ceremonial magician, poet, novelist, mountaineer, and painter. He founded the religion of Thelema, identifying himself as the pr ...
. Journalist Maury Terry linked the Process Church to
Ordo Templi Orientis Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.; ) is an occult secret society and hermetic magical organization founded at the beginning of the 20th century. The origins of O.T.O. can be traced back to the German-speaking occultists Carl Kellner, Theodor Reuss, ...
and claimed both as part of a grand Satanic conspiracy in his 1987 book ''The Ultimate Evil''. Critics were skeptical of Terry's claims; Baddeley described Terry as "a sensationalist reporter with a nose for good scare stories" Claims about the Process Church being linked to a vast Satanic conspiracy and wide range of crimes were also endorsed by members of the
LaRouche movement The LaRouche movement is a political and cultural network promoting the late Lyndon LaRouche and his ideas. It has included many organizations and companies around the world, which campaign, gather information and publish books and periodicals. ...
. A detailed account of the history of and life within the Process Church as told by a participant-observer is contained in William S. Bainbridge's book ''Satan's Power''. A sociologist, Bainbridge encountered the Process Church in 1970, while he was studying Scientology. Bainbridge had conducted several months of fieldwork with the group during the early 1970s, particularly in its Boston branch. His observation took place largely in 1970–71, when he was an active group member, but became episodic between 1972 and 1974. In his book, he disguised the names of people to preserve their identities. Adam Parfrey noted that Bainbridge provided a "more even-handed view" of the Church than that provided by the likes of Sanders and Terry. Bainbridge's study was later described as "the main source of information" about the group by La Fontaine.


Breakdown

The relationship between MacLean and De Grimston grew strained; De Grimston had begun a relationship with a younger woman, Morgana, who later became his third wife. They also disagreed on the direction of the Process Church; MacLean believed that they should declare the "Satanic" phase to be over, to be replaced by a "Christian" phase, although De Grimston disagreed. In 1974, the De Grimstons separated. De Grimston took a minority of the group members with him, seeking to continue the Process Church in a manner akin to his original form, although abandoned the project in 1979, when he moved professionally into business. Most of the Church's members retained their allegiance to MacLean. She renamed the Church as the Foundation Church of the Millennium, which in 1977 became the Foundation Faith of the Millennium, and in 1980 the Foundation Faith of God; followers generally referred to it simply as "The Foundation." The group defined itself as "a Christian church" which required its members to believe in the Trinity, the divinity of Jesus Christ, and his second coming. It also promoted a healing ministry which was influenced by
Pentecostalism Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a movement within the broader Evangelical wing of Protestantism, Protestant Christianity that emphasizes direct personal experience of God in Christianity, God through Baptism with the Holy Spirit#Cl ...
. Like the Process Church, membership was organised according to a hierarchical system of degrees, and it was led by a nine-member Council of Luminaries. MacLean's principal collaborator in the group was longstanding Church member Timothy Wyllie. In 1977, he founded a group in New York City called the Unit, which he regarded as being part of the Foundation. MacLean disagreed with this move and sued Wyllie, although she lost. The Unit soon disbanded. Wyllie then pursued an independent career in the
New Age New Age is a range of Spirituality, spiritual or Religion, religious practices and beliefs that rapidly grew in Western world, Western society during the early 1970s. Its highly eclecticism, eclectic and unsystematic structure makes a precise d ...
milieu, with a focus on communicating with extraterrestrials, angels, and dolphins. In 1982, the Foundation Faith of God moved its base to
Utah Utah is a landlocked state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is one of the Four Corners states, sharing a border with Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. It also borders Wyoming to the northea ...
, where it established an animal rescue refuge in
Kanab Kanab ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Kane County, Utah, United States.Find a County
". ' ...
. In 1993, the organisation changed its name to Best Friends Animal Society; it removed all reference to religious ideas from its statutes. In 2004, a feature article in ''
Rocky Mountain News The ''Rocky Mountain News'' (nicknamed the ''Rocky'') was a daily newspaper published in Denver, Colorado, from April 23, 1859, until February 27, 2009. It was owned by the E. W. Scripps Company from 1926 until its closing. the Monday–Friday ...
'' publicly revealed Best Friends' origins in the Process Church. In 2005, MacLean died, and the management of her charity was left to her second husband, Gabriel De Peyer, a former Foundation Faith of God Church member.


Beliefs


Classification

Various commentators have described the Process Church as a religion, and it has also been characterised as a
new religious movement A new religious movement (NRM), also known as a new religion, is a religious or Spirituality, spiritual group that has modern origins and is peripheral to its society's dominant religious culture. NRMs can be novel in origin, or they can be part ...
. There has been some debate as to whether to categorise the Process Church as a form of
Satanism Satanism refers to a group of religious, ideological, or philosophical beliefs based on Satan—particularly his worship or veneration. Because of the ties to the historical Abrahamic religious figure, Satanism—as well as other religious ...
or not; the anthropologist Jean La Fontaine noted that it was "difficult to decide whether it was a truly Satanist organization". The Process Church's beliefs have been described as "a kind of neo-Gnostic theology".


Belief system

In the initial phase of the group's beliefs, Moor and MacLean taught that there was only one supreme divinity, God, and the focus of the group's activities was to transform those aspects of human nature which defied God. Many of the group's therapeutic practices or "processes" (hence the name) and concepts were derived from Scientology, including the term "processing." In these therapy sessions, the group utilised an electronic meter titled the "P-Scope", which was based on the Scientology
E-meter The E-Meter (also electropsychometer and Hubbard Electrometer) is an electronic device used in Scientology that allegedly "registers emotional reactions". After claims by L. Ron Hubbard that the procedures of Auditing (Scientology), auditing, w ...
. In 1967, Moor introduced the notion of four divinities to the group's beliefs. The Process Church preached the existence of four gods, who were regarded not as literal entities but as inner realities existing within each human personality. Accordingly, these deities were not worshipped. The names of its deities were drawn from traditional
Judeo-Christian The term ''Judeo-Christian'' is used to group Christianity and Judaism together, either in reference to Christianity's derivation from Judaism, Christianity's recognition of Jewish scripture to constitute the Old Testament of the Christian Bibl ...
religion. They were known as Jehovah, Lucifer, Satan, and Christ, and were collectively referred to as the "Great Gods of the Universe." The Church stated that "Jehovah is strength. Lucifer is light. Satan is separation. Christ is unification." Each member was instructed to follow the god, or gods, which were best suited to them. Each individual was understood as a combination of two of these gods. The Church taught that an individual's personality and relationships could be explained by reference to which gods he manifested. Moor, for instance, described himself as a blend of Luciferian and Christian traits, while MacLean regarded herself as a combination of Jehovan and Satanic traits. None of the deities was considered evil, but "basic patterns of human reality." Moor taught the real "devil" was humanity or the "Grey Forces", which were understood as representing the compromise and conformity typical of the masses. As indicated by the group's name, The Process Church of The Final Judgment, the Church taught a form of
millennialism Millennialism () or chiliasm (from the Greek equivalent) is a belief which is held by some religious denominations. According to this belief, a Messianic Age will be established on Earth prior to the Last Judgment and the future permanent s ...
. According to Process eschatology, the four separate divinities would be unified in the endtimes. The reconciliation of opposites was seen by Moor in Matthew 5:44, where Christ tells his followers to love their enemies. Moor taught Christ's enemy was Satan, and the "reuniting of the Gods" was achieved through love.


Activities

The communal life of the Church members was strictly regulated. Among group members, sex and the use of drugs and alcohol (with the exception of
caffeine Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine chemical classification, class and is the most commonly consumed Psychoactive drug, psychoactive substance globally. It is mainly used for its eugeroic (wakefulness pr ...
and
nicotine Nicotine is a natural product, naturally produced alkaloid in the nightshade family of plants (most predominantly in tobacco and ''Duboisia hopwoodii'') and is widely used recreational drug use, recreationally as a stimulant and anxiolytic. As ...
) were strictly rationed, with these practices being regarded as a distraction from spiritual work. Unlike other Satanic groups active during the same period, the Process Church did not practice magic. The Process Church strongly opposed
vivisection Vivisection () is surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism, typically animals with a central nervous system, to view living internal structure. The word is, more broadly, used as a pejorative catch-all term for Animal test ...
. The Church held public rituals similar to Christian practices, such as baptisms, marriages and a weekly gathering titled the Sabbath Assembly. Baptisms were performed at every elevation of status in the hierarchy of the Church. The Processeans sang solemn hymns to the four deities during the assemblies. The group used a swastika-like symbol ("the P-Sign") as its insignia. The symbol had four superimposed P letters, and was also seen as representing the trumpets of the four "Great Gods." The group also used a second symbol, "the Sign of the Union", which featured the letter Alpha inside the letter Omega, representing the intercourse of male Lucifer with female Jehovah.


In culture

In 1989 and 1990, several former members of the Church attempted to recreate it in Round Lake, New York. There were also reports of a revival group being based in
Yorkshire Yorkshire ( ) is an area of Northern England which was History of Yorkshire, historically a county. Despite no longer being used for administration, Yorkshire retains a strong regional identity. The county was named after its county town, the ...
, England. In 2009, Adam Parfrey noted that the original Process Church "enjoys cultural influence." American
funk Funk is a music genre that originated in African-American communities in the mid-1960s when musicians created a rhythmic, danceable new form of music through a mixture of various music genres that were popular among African-Americans in the ...
group
Funkadelic Funkadelic was an American funk rock band formed in Plainfield, New Jersey in 1968 and active until 1982. As one of the two flagship groups of George Clinton's P-Funk collective, they helped pioneer the funk music culture of the 1970s.John, ...
included an excerpt from the group's "Process Number Five on Fear" in the liner notes for their 1971 album ''
Maggot Brain ''Maggot Brain'' is the third studio album by the American funk rock band Funkadelic, released by Westbound Records in July 1971. It was produced by bandleader George Clinton and recorded at United Sound Systems in Detroit during late 1970 an ...
''. The followup album " America Eats Its Young" also included a polemic titled "America" which was attributed to The Process Church of the Final Judgement. (The Process Church are also thanked "for their inspiration.) Industrial music group
Skinny Puppy Skinny Puppy was a Canadian electro-industrial band formed in Vancouver in 1982. The group was among the founders of the industrial rock and electro-industrial genres. Initially envisioned as an experimental side-project by cEvin Key (Kevin Crom ...
released an album titled '' The Process'' that contained lyrics espousing anti-vivisection themes. The Process Church's rituals were later adopted and utilised by the band
Psychic TV Psychic TV (aka PTV or Psychick TV or several other aliases) were an English experimental music, experimental video art and music collective, formed by performance artist Genesis P-Orridge and Scottish musician Alex Fergusson (musician), Alex ...
and the group that formed around it, Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth (TOPY). Several TOPY members had previously been involved with the Process Church. American band Sabbath Assembly, formed in 2009, recorded three albums which consisted of reinterpreted Church hymns. Genesis P-Orridge performed guest vocal on one of those records. Alessandro Papa founded the New Processean Order in Italy 2014 by recording the album ''Hymns to the Great Gods of the Universe'' with invited friends and guest artists.
Integrity Integrity is the quality of being honest and having a consistent and uncompromising adherence to strong moral and ethical principles and values. In ethics, integrity is regarded as the honesty and Honesty, truthfulness or of one's actions. Integr ...
founder Dwid Hellion founded The Holy Terror of the Final Judgment label, releasing music by many bands influenced by the Process. Holy Terror and associated artists include Integrity themselves (who released the album ''Humanity is the Devil'' based on Process Writ in 1996),
Gehenna (band) Gehenna is a Norwegian black metal band. History Gehenna were formed in January 1993 by original members Sanrabb, Dolgar, and Sir Vereda.Ringworm Dermatophytosis, also known as tinea and ringworm, is a mycosis, fungal infection of the skin (a dermatomycosis), that may affect skin, hair, and nails. Typically it results in a red, itchy, scaly, circular rash. Hair loss may occur in the a ...
, Sutekh Hexen and others. Robert de Grimston's writings and the Writ of The Process Church have long outlived the original cult. His 'Brethren Information' (those speeches meant for members of the church at the time) are widely available online. A detailed discussion of the modern Process Church appeared in
Disinfo Disinformation is misleading content deliberately spread to deceive people, or to secure economic or political gain and which may cause public harm. Disinformation is an orchestrated adversarial activity in which actors employ strategic decept ...
in July 2015.
Genesis P-Orridge Genesis Breyer P-Orridge (born Neil Andrew Megson; 22 February 1950 – 14 March 2020) was an English singer-songwriter, musician, poet, performance artist, visual artist, and occultist who rose to notoriety as the founder of the COUM Transmi ...
worked with longstanding church member Timothy Wyllie to produce a book featuring reproductions of the church's magazines and reminiscences of several members. It was published as ''Love, Sex, Fear, Death: The Inside Story of The Process Church of the Final Judgment'' by Feral House in 2009.


Books

* ''Love Sex Fear Death: The Inside Story of the Process Church of the Final Judgment'' by Timothy Wyllie - Expanded Edition, Feral House, February 2, 2023 * ''Propaganda and the Holy Writ of The Process Church of the Final Judgement: Process Sex Issue•Fear Issue•Death Issue'' by Timothy Wyllie, Feral House, February 2, 2023 * ''The Process'' - Archives, Documents, Reflections and Revelations by Alessandro Papa; End of Kali Yuga editions, First Reprint (October 2020) * ''Process'' (Complete Collection, vol 1) * ''Revival: Resurrecting the Process Church of the Final Judgement'' by William Sims Bainbridge, Feral House, June 29, 2017 * ''The Manson File: Myth and Reality of an Outlaw Shaman' (Ultimate Edition - UK Edition by Nikolas Schreck, Crossbank Publishing, October 2022 (Includes "several more pages in the British edition on British occultists relevant to the case including the Process and others..." - Nikolas Schreck


Film

* ''Sympathy for the Devil: The True Story of The Process Church of the Final Judgment'', June 7, 2015 (directed by Neil Edwards) * ''The Sons of Sam: A Descent Into Darkness'', Netflix, 2021 (Directed by Joshua Zeman)


References


Notes


Bibliography

* * * * * * * * * * *


Further reading

*DeGrimston's extant works are available on th
Official Processean website
*Bainbridge, William Sims (1978). ''Satan's Power: A Deviant Psychotherapy Cult'', Univ of California Press. *Timothy Wyllie (1991). ''Dolphins, ETs and Angels.'' *R. N. Taylor. "The Process: The Final Judgment" in Chad Hensley, ed. ''Esoterra: The Journal of Extreme Culture''. Creation Books, 2011, pp. 218–249. * * *Terry, Maury (1987). ''The Ultimate Evil: An Investigation into America's Most Dangerous Satanic Cult.'' Doubleday & Company, Inc. . *


External links


Official Processeans website with all publicly available teachings

Best Friends Animal Society
{{DEFAULTSORT:Process Church of The Final Judgment, The 1966 establishments in England Christian denominations established in the 20th century Esoteric Christianity New religious movements in the United Kingdom Religious organizations established in the 1960s Theistic Satanism Scientology Apocalyptic groups New religious movements established in the 1960s