''Procerobaetis'' is a genus of the

Baetidae Baetidae is a family of mayfly, mayflies with about 1000 described species in 110 genera distributed worldwide. These are among the smallest of mayflies, adults rarely exceeding 10 mm in length excluding the two long slender tails and someti ...

, a family of

mayflies Mayflies (also known as shadflies or fishflies in Canada and the upper Midwestern United States, as Canadian soldiers in the American Great Lakes region, and as up-winged flies in the United Kingdom) are aquatic insects belonging to the order ...

that include around 1000 described

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

and 110

genera Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ...

worldwide. Mayflies of this genus notably hatch between spring to autumn, and then die within a few minutes to a day.

Etymology

''Procerobaetis'' is a combination of ''Procero'' – the Latin word describing length, in reference to the elongate, slender habitus of the larvae – and ''baetis'' to highlight its superficial similarities with the genus ''

Baetis ''Baetis'' is a genus of mayfly, mayflies of the family Baetidae, known as the blue-winged olive to angling, anglers. There are at least 150 described species in ''Baetis''. They are distributed worldwide, with the most variety in North Amer ...

''.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Procerobaetis'' was described in the 612th edition of the

European Journal of Taxonomy The ''European Journal of Taxonomy'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal for descriptive taxonomy of living and fossil eukaryotes, covering subjects in zoology, botany, and palaeontology. It is supported by the EJT Consortium, a group ...

with the

type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...

of Procerobaetis leptobranchius. They belong to the

family.

Species

Information referenced from the ''GBIF'' database. # '' Procerobactis leptobranchius'' # '' Procerobactis petersorum'' # '' Procerobactis freitagi'' # ''

Procerobaetis totuspinosus ''Procerobaetis'' is a genus of the Baetidae, a family of mayfly, mayflies that include around 1000 described species and 110 Genus, genera worldwide. Mayflies of this genus notably hatch between spring to autumn, and then die within a few minute ...

Genetic distances Genetic distance is a measure of the genetic divergence between species or between populations within a species, whether the distance measures time from common ancestor or degree of differentiation. Populations with many similar alleles have sma ...

( Kimura 2-parameter) between these species are between 13% and 20%. Very limited genetic distances of 0% to 1% were found between specimens of the same species.

Morphology

''Procerobaeitis'' larvae are distinguished by their elongate, dorsoventrally flattened bodies and

hypognathous This glossary of entomology describes terms used in the formal study of insect species by entomologists. A–C A synthetic chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide, toxic to vertebrates. Though ...

heads. Key features include: * Antennae with lanceolate spines on flagellar segments IX–XI. *

Gills A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...

I–VII, all slender with elongated apical points (most pronounced in gills I–II). * Three-segmented

maxillary palps In arthropods, the maxillae (singular maxilla) are paired structures present on the head as mouthparts in members of the clade Mandibulata, used for tasting and manipulating food. Embryologically, the maxillae are derived from the 4th and 5th s ...

(unusual in Baetidae) and mandibles with unique prosthecae. * Legs bearing laterally pectinate

setae In biology, setae (; seta ; ) are any of a number of different bristle- or hair-like structures on living organisms. Animal setae Protostomes Depending partly on their form and function, protostome setae may be called macrotrichia, chaetae ...

and denticulate claws. *

Tergites A ''tergum'' (Latin for "the back"; : ''terga'', associated adjective tergal) is the dorsal ('upper') portion of an arthropod segment other than the head. The anterior edge is called the 'base' and posterior edge is called the 'apex' or 'margin'. ...

I–VII typically lack posterior spines (except in ''P. freitagi'' and ''P. totuspinosus''). The genus is defined by its gill morphology, resembling some Leptophlebidae, and lacks hindwing pads.

Distribution and habitat

''Procerobaetis'' species are typically found in freshwater habitats such as streams and wadeable rivers, often in areas with submerged wood, sand, and gravel substrates. The larvae are typically found in littoral zones with vegetation and roots along riverbanks. ''Procerobaetis'' species are distributed across Southeast Asia, from Indonesia (Sumatra) to the Philippines. Despite the genetic diversity of the Baetidae family, there are very few described genus and species in the oriental regions, suggesting a lack of exploration of these regions in terms of documenting the Baetidae. It is expected that a much wider distribution of more species of this genus occur across Southeast Asia that have yet to be sampled.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q114954588 Baetidae Mayfly genera