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In 
In sonata form, the dominant preparation is in the development, immediately preceding the recapitulation. Ludwig van Beethoven's sonata-form works generally have extensive dominant preparation — for example, in the first movement of the '' Sonata Pathétique'', the dominant preparation lasts for 29 measures (mm. 169–197).
In music theory
Music theory is the study of the practices and possibilities of music. ''The Oxford Companion to Music'' describes three interrelated uses of the term "music theory". The first is the "rudiments", that are needed to understand music notation (ke ...
, a predominant chord (also pre-dominant) is any chord
Chord may refer to:
* Chord (music), an aggregate of musical pitches sounded simultaneously
** Guitar chord a chord played on a guitar, which has a particular tuning
* Chord (geometry), a line segment joining two points on a curve
* Chord ( ...
which normally resolves to a dominant chord.Benward & Saker (2009). ''Music in Theory and Practice: Volume II'', Glossary, p.359. Eighth Edition. . "Any chord in functional harmony that normally resolves to the dominant chord." Examples of predominant chords are the subdominant
In music, the subdominant is the fourth tonal degree () of the diatonic scale. It is so called because it is the same distance ''below'' the tonic as the dominant is ''above'' the tonicin other words, the tonic is the dominant of the subdomina ...
(IV, iv), supertonic (ii, ii°), Neapolitan sixth
In Classical music theory, a Neapolitan chord (or simply a "Neapolitan") is a major chord built on the lowered ( flatted) second ( supertonic) scale degree. In Schenkerian analysis, it is known as a Phrygian II, since in minor scales the chord i ...
and German sixth
In music theory, an augmented sixth chord contains the interval of an augmented sixth, usually above its bass tone. This chord has its origins in the Renaissance, was further developed in the Baroque, and became a distinctive part of the musi ...
. Other examples are the secondary dominant
A secondary chord is an analytical label for a specific harmonic device that is prevalent in the tonal idiom of Western music beginning in the common practice period: the use of diatonic functions for tonicization.
Secondary chords are a typ ...
(V/V) and secondary leading tone chord
A secondary chord is an analytical label for a specific harmonic device that is prevalent in the tonal idiom of Western music beginning in the common practice period: the use of diatonic functions for tonicization.
Secondary chords are a t ...
. Predominant chords may lead to secondary dominants. Predominant chords both expand away from the tonic ''and'' lead to the dominant, affirming the dominant's pull to the tonic.Cleland, Kent D. and Dobrea-Grindahl, Mary (2013). ''Developing Musicianship Through Aural Skills: A Holistic Approach to Sight Singing and Ear Training'', p.255. Routledge. . Thus they lack the stability of the tonic and the drive towards resolution of the dominant. The predominant harmonic function is part of the fundamental harmonic progression of many classical works. The submediant (vi) may be considered a predominant chord or a tonic substitute.Caplin, William E. (2013). ''Analyzing Classical Form: An Approach for the Classroom'', p.10. Oxford. .
The dominant preparation is a chord or series of chords that precedes the dominant chord in a musical composition. Usually, the dominant preparation is derived from a circle of fifths progression. The most common dominant preparation chords are the supertonic, the subdominant
In music, the subdominant is the fourth tonal degree () of the diatonic scale. It is so called because it is the same distance ''below'' the tonic as the dominant is ''above'' the tonicin other words, the tonic is the dominant of the subdomina ...
, the V7/V, the Neapolitan chord (N6 or II6), and the augmented sixth chords (e.g., Fr+6).
In sonata form, the dominant preparation is in the development, immediately preceding the recapitulation. Ludwig van Beethoven's sonata-form works generally have extensive dominant preparation — for example, in the first movement of the '' Sonata Pathétique'', the dominant preparation lasts for 29 measures (mm. 169–197).
List
*First inversion augmented mediant **III+ *Augmented dominant **V+ * Augmented sixths **Fr **Ger *Second inversion tonic **I **i *Subdominant **IV **iv *Submediant **vi, stepwise to dominant *Supertonic and secondary dominant **ii **II (V/V) Caplin, William E. (1998). ''Classical Form: A Theory of Formal Functions for the Instrumental Music of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven'', p.23. Oxford. . **ii **vii7/V **IIGallery
See also
* Approach chord * Harmonic rhythm * Passing chordSources
Chord progressions Chords Diatonic functions {{music-theory-stub