''Vivarana'' is a subschool of classical

Advaita Vedanta ''Advaita Vedanta'' (; sa, अद्वैत वेदान्त, ) is a Hindu sādhanā, a path of spiritual discipline and experience, and the oldest extant tradition of the orthodox Hindu school Vedānta. The term ''Advaita'' ( ...

, established by Prakasatman (c. 1200–1300). The name of the Vivarana-school is derived from Prakasatman's ''Pancapadika-Vivarana'', a commentary on the ''Pancapadika'' by

Padmapadacharya Padmapadacharya was an Indian philosopher, a follower of Adi Shankara. Padmapāda's dates are unknown, but some modern scholarship places his life around the middle of the 8th century; similarly information about him comes mainly from h ...

Tenets

Prakasatman was the first to propound the theory of ''mulavidya'' or ''maya'' as being of "positive beginningless nature". According to Roodurmum, "his line of thought ..became the leitmotif of all subsequent developments in the evolution of the Advaita tradition." The Vivarana-school takes an epistemological approach. It sees Brahman as the source of avidya. Critics object that Brahman is pure consciousness, so it can't be the source of avidya. Another problem is that contradictory qualities, namely knowledge and ignorance, are attributed to Brahman. Some of the main tenets of the Vivarana school are as follows: * "Karma is responsible for the rise of knowledge of the Self" * Knowledge of Brahman can be attained from the Upanishadic texts * Study of these texts is the main factor in gaining ''jnana'', while reflection and meditation are only additional aids

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;Printes sources * ;Web-sources {{reflist, group=web, refs= THE BHAMATI AND VIVARANA SCHOOLS
/ref> Advaita Vedanta

Tenets

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