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Poteaux-sur-sol ("posts on a sill" – sol is also spelled sole and solle) is a style of
Image:La_Maison_de_Guibourd-Valle--1808.jpg, Jacques Guibourd Historic House, c1806. Ste. Genevieve, MO An example of ''poteaux-sur-sol'' construction.
Image:A Front View of the Bolduc House in Ste Genevieve MO.jpg, Front view of Louis Bolduc House, Ste. Genevieve. Shows ''poteaux-sur-sol'' construction and '' bousillage'' infill.
Image:Poteaux-sur-Solle Model.jpg, A model of the Maison Bolduc in Ste. Genevieve, showing ''poteaux-sur-sol'' construction.
Image:Durand Cabin- poteaux-sur-solle & pierrotage.jpg, The Durand Cabin in Ste. Genevieve is an example of ''poteaux-sur-sol'' construction.
File:Creole House in Prairie du Rocher.jpg, Creole House in Prairie du Rocher, Illinois, built 1800, expanded with stud-based construction and sided in 1858.
Poteaux-sur-sol ("posts on a sill" – sol is also spelled sole and solle) is a style of timber framing
Timber framing () and "post-and-beam" construction are traditional methods of building with heavy Beam (structure), timbers, creating structures using squared-off and carefully fitted and Woodworking joints, joined timbers with joints secure ...
in which relatively closely spaced posts rest on a timber sill. Poteaux-en-terre and pieux-en-terre are similar, but the closely spaced posts extend into the ground rather than resting on a sill on a foundation, and therefore are a type of post in ground
A post in ground construction, also called earthfast or hole-set posts, is a type of construction in which vertical, roof-bearing timbers, called Post (structural), posts, are in direct contact with the ground. They may be placed into excavated ...
construction. Poteaux-sur-sol is similar to the framing style known in the United Kingdom as close studding. Poteaux-sur-sol has also, confusingly, been used for other types of timber framing which have a sill timber such as post-and-plank, but this is considered incorrect by some scholars.
Poteaux-sur-sol is a part of American historic carpentry but is known by its French name in North America, as it was used by French and French-Canadian
French Canadians, referred to as Canadiens mainly before the nineteenth century, are an ethnic group descended from French colonists first arriving in France's colony of Canada in 1608. The vast majority of French Canadians live in the prov ...
people in the region historically known as New France
New France (, ) was the territory colonized by Kingdom of France, France in North America, beginning with the exploration of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence by Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Kingdom of Great Br ...
. Besides its appearance in French colonial architecture
French colonial architecture includes several Architectural style, styles of architecture used by the French during French colonial empire, colonization. French colonial architecture has a long history, beginning in New France, North America in 1 ...
, it was also used in the 19th century by Ukrainian peasants
A peasant is a pre-industrial agricultural laborer or a farmer
A farmer is a person engaged in agriculture, raising living organisms for food or raw materials. The term usually applies to people who do some combination of raising f ...
living on the open steppes
In physical geography, a steppe () is an ecoregion characterized by grassland plains without closed forests except near rivers and lakes.
Steppe biomes may include:
* the montane grasslands and shrublands biome
* the tropical and subtropical gr ...
, or anywhere there was a timber shortage. Lehr, John C., "Ukrainians in Western Canada", in ''To Build in a New Land'' (Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992) pp 309-330.
United States
In the present-day United States, houses in this style can be found in Ste. Genevieve, Missouri;Prairie du Rocher, Illinois
Prairie du Rocher ("The Rock Prairie" in French) is a village in Randolph County, Illinois, United States. Founded in the French colonial period in the Midwest, the community is located near bluffs that flank the east side of the Mississippi R ...
, Cahokia Heights, Illinois, East Carondelet, Illinois and former French settlements in Louisiana
Louisiana ( ; ; ) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It borders Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, and Mississippi to the east. Of the 50 U.S. states, it ranks 31st in area and 25 ...
—all former parts of New France (''La Louisiane''). Most are listed on the National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government's official United States National Register of Historic Places listings, list of sites, buildings, structures, Hist ...
; Maison Bolduc is a National Historic Landmark
A National Historic Landmark (NHL) is a National Register of Historic Places property types, building, district, object, site, or structure that is officially recognized by the Federal government of the United States, United States government f ...
.
Canada
Gallery
See also
* French architecture *French colonization of the Americas
France began colonizing America in the 16th century and continued into the following centuries as it established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France established colonies in much of eastern North America, on several Caribbean is ...
* Creole House
* Pierrotage
References
{{commonscat, Poteaux-sur-sol construction Timber framing French colonial architecture in the United States Architecture in Ukraine New France French-Canadian culture in the United States French-American culture in Missouri Missouri culture