Population Matters, formerly known as the Optimum Population Trust, is a UK-based charity that works at the intersection of population,

environmental sustainability Sustainability is a social goal for people to co-exist on Earth over a long period of time. Definitions of this term are disputed and have varied with literature, context, and time. Sustainability usually has three dimensions (or pillars): env ...

, and human rights, including women's empowerment and leadership, sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), and international development. The group promotes human rights and ethical, choice-based solutions through research, campaigning and awareness-raising.

History and background

Population Matters was launched as the Optimum Population Trust following a meeting on 24 July 1991 by the late David Willey and others concerned about population numbers and sustainability. They were impelled to act by the failure of United Kingdom governments to respond to

population growth Population growth is the increase in the number of people in a population or dispersed group. The World population, global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to 8.2 billion in 2025. Actual global human population growth amounts to aroun ...

and threats to sustainability. The Optimum Population Trust prepared analyses and lobbied on issues affected by population growth. It was granted charitable status on 9 May 2006. Population Matters was adopted as its new name in 2011.

Views and aims

Population Matters highlights how rapid human population growth has fueled the destruction of nature and natural resource depletion. The charity promotes positive, voluntary measures to achieve a sustainable human population size that enables everyone to have a decent quality of life while safeguarding our natural environment. The United Nations projects that global population size will reach 10 billion in the year 2061 and peak at 10.3 billion in the 2080s, which illustrates the urgency of the matter, according to the organisation.

Vision

Population Matters' vision is of a world in which our human population lives fairly and sustainably with nature and each other.

Mission

Population Matters' mission is to address the negative consequences of ever more people using ever more of the planet’s resources and to inspire and engage with others to find, share and promote ways to make our vision a reality as quickly as possible.

Solutions

Population Matters promotes five solutions to slow and ultimately reverse population growth: * Achieve global gender equality * Remove all barriers to voluntary modern family planning, contraceptives and safe abortion * Quality and affordable education for all * Global justice and sustainable economies * Promote small family size In addition, recognising the disproportionately large environmental footprint of wealthy nations, the charity calls for reducing consumption in high-income countries.

Activities

In 2025, Population Matters launched a new five-year strategy (2025–2030), setting out a revised approach to addressing the environmental and social impacts of human population growth, reaffirming the message that "All Populations Matter". The organisation commits to working “at the intersection of women’s empowerment and leadership, sexual and reproductive health and rights, the environment and population.” It aims to support local and global partners to address the causes and effects of population growth, such as poverty, gender inequality and environmental degradation. Key initiatives include conducting original research, supporting grassroots projects through th
Empower to Plan programme
and engaging in advocacy to raise awareness of population dynamics. The strategy also emphasises normalising population discussions in policy and public discourse and affirms a commitment to voluntary, rights-based solutions. Population Matters publishes the editorially independent Journal of Population and Sustainability, an open access, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary journal exploring all aspects of the relationship between human numbers and environmental issues. Population Matters is a member of the

International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Founded in 1948, IUCN has become the global authority on the stat ...

(IUCN), has consultative status at the

United Nations Economic and Social Council The United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) is one of six principal organs of the United Nations, responsible for coordinating the economic and social fields of the organization, specifically in regards to the fifteen specialized ...

(ECOSOC), and is a member of the Wellbeing Economy Alliance.

Organisational structure

Population Matters consists of an operational team of staff and a board of trustees, who oversee the work and strategy. An Expert Advisory Group provides guidance on key issues and the organisation's patrons provide endorsement and support.

Patrons

Population Matters' patrons are prominent public figures who are concerned about the impacts of human population growth, including Sir David Attenborough, Chris Packham, Dr. Jane Goodall, Leilani Münter,

Jonathon Porritt Sir Jonathon Espie Porritt, 2nd Baronet, Order of the British Empire, CBE (born 6 July 1950) is a British environmentalist and writer. He is known for his advocacy of the Green Party of England and Wales. Porritt frequently contributes to ma ...

, Sir Partha Dasgupta, Professor Paul Ehrlich, and Professor John Guillebaud.

Immigration

In 2015, Population Matters published a blog post disagreeing with an

Amnesty International Amnesty International (also referred to as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization focused on human rights, with its headquarters in the United Kingdom. The organization says that it has more than ten million members a ...

call on the UK and other EU countries to "significantly increase the number of resettlement and humanitarian admission places for refugees from Syria" while saying that these "countries should continue to support migrants from the Syrian civil war and other conflicts in the countries adjacent to those conflicts". The organization subsequently confirmed that this had never been official Population Matters policy and had been repudiated and withdrawn. The Optimum Population Trust had called for numerically balanced or "zero-net" migration to the UK, but did not continue to support this policy as Population Matters.

Child Benefit Cap

In 2015, Population Matters advocated stopping child benefit and tax credits for third and subsequent children. In 2017, the organization stopped advocating for specific policy changes, replacing them with a call for a Sustainable Population Policy. In 2024, they reaffirmed their opposition to the policy.

References

External links

Official website
{{authority control Organizations established in 1991 1991 establishments in the United Kingdom Advocates of women's reproductive rights Charities based in England Nature conservation organisations based in the United Kingdom Human overpopulation think tanks Political advocacy groups in England Political and economic think tanks based in the United Kingdom Population concern advocacy groups Population research organizations Environmental charities based in the United Kingdom