The Popular Liberation Front (, abbreviated FLP or FELIPE) was a clandestine anti- Francoist opposition group in

Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Eur ...

1958-1969. FLP was founded by Julio Cerón. Amongst the personalities that joined FLP were José Luis Leal, Pasqual Maragall, José Pedro Pérez Llorca and Miguel Roca.http://w3.el-mundo.es/2000/08/23/opinion/23N0031.html FLP emerged as a response to the difficulties of the traditional left to establish a foothold inside Spain. FLP was inspired by the development of left socialist parties like PSU in

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

and PSIUP in

Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...

, and was influenced by

New Left The New Left was a broad political movement that emerged from the counterculture of the 1960s and continued through the 1970s. It consisted of activists in the Western world who, in reaction to the era's liberal establishment, campaigned for freer ...

and

Third World The term Third World arose during the Cold War to define countries that remained non-aligned with either NATO or the Warsaw Pact. The United States, Canada, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, the Southern Cone, NATO, Western European countries and oth ...

ist movements. The Catalan referent of FLP was the Workers Front of Catalonia and its Basque referent was Euskadiko Sozialisten Batasuna.Historia del Felipe (De Julio Cerón a la LCR), de Julio Antonio García Alcalá
In 1962 there was a crackdown against FLP, and around a hundred FLP militants were detained by police. In 1969 a student and member of the FLP, , was killed by the

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while he was arrested, causing a wave of demonstrations and strikes in the universities of

. Due to the protests the

Regime In politics, a regime (also spelled régime) is a system of government that determines access to public office, and the extent of power held by officials. The two broad categories of regimes are democratic and autocratic. A key similarity acros ...

declared the

State of exception A state of exception () is a concept introduced in the 1920s by the German philosopher, jurist and Nazi Party member Carl Schmitt, similar to a state of emergency (martial law) but based in the sovereign's ability to transcend the rule of law in t ...

on the 24 of January 1969.

References

* García Alcalá, Julio Antonio. ''Historia del "Felipe" (FLP, FOC y ESBA): de Julio Cerón a la Liga Comunista Revolucionaria''. Madrid: Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, 2001. {{Authority control Anti-Francoism Socialist parties in Spain