Pond Smelt
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The pond smelt (''Hypomesus olidus'') is a freshwater, fresh and brackish water species of smelt (fish), smelt. It is found in the East Asia (eastern Siberia, northeast China, Korea, Hokkaido) and the northwestern North America (Alaska, northwestern Canada). It can grow to Fish measurement, total length.


Name

In Korea, ''H. olidus'' is most commonly known as ''bing-eo'' (), meaning 'ice fish', although it has many different names depending on the region or the time period. It is recorded as ''dong-eo'' () meaning 'frozen fish' in old literature, while the geography section of the Annals of Sejong the Great, King Sejong recorded it as ''gwa-eo'' (), a local product of what is now the modern-day counties of Chongpyong County, Chongpyong and Kowon County, Kowon in North Korea; ''gwa-eo'' is named so because of its taste and shape resembling that of a melon. Among its various names, in the provinces of Jeolla Province, Jeolla and North Chungcheong Province, North Chungcheong, as well as the city of Daejeon, it is known as ''gong-eo'' (), in Suwon it is ''mereuchi'' (), and in Hwacheon County, Hwacheon, Gwangju, Gyeonggi, Gwangju, and Sokcho, it is ''baeng-eo'' (). The name ''bing-eo'' is coined by Silhak scholar Seo Yu-gu.


Description

''H. olidus'' has a long and slender body, and there is an adipose fin between the back and the tail fin, which is transparent without patterns. A wide silvery-white vertical stripe runs through the middle of both sides of the body, while there is a dark black vertical line on the side. During spawning season, which spans from January to June, it moves up from the sea to the river. In 1925, the Korea under Japanese rule, colonial government of Korea introduced ''bing-eo'' from the Ryongheung River (), located in South Hamgyong Province, to reservoirs across the country. Well-known habitats include the reservoirs in Jecheon, Jangheung Reservoir in Ganghwa County, Incheon, as well as Soyang Lake, Chuncheon Lake in Chuncheon, Gangwon Province, South Korea, Gangwon Province, and Hapcheon Lake in Hapcheon County, Hapcheong County, South Gyeongsang Province. It is a popular species in Ice fishing, ice-fishing, boasting a soft meat, a mild taste, and no fishy smell. It can be prepared in various ways such as ''Hoe (food), hoe'', braised, or marinated.


References

Hypomesus Fish of the Pacific Ocean Freshwater fish of the Arctic Freshwater fish of Asia Freshwater fish of North America Freshwater fish of China Fish of Japan Fish of Korea Fish of Russia Freshwater fish of the United States Fish described in 1814 Taxa named by Peter Simon Pallas {{Osmeriformes-stub