The poleyn or genouillere was a component of

Medieval In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of World history (field), global history. It began with the fall of the West ...

and

Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) is a Periodization, period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and was characterized by an effort to revive and sur ...

armor that protected the knee. During the transition from

mail The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letter (message), letters, and parcel (package), parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid ...

armor to

plate armor Plate armour is a historical type of personal body armour made from bronze, iron, or steel plates, culminating in the iconic suit of armour entirely encasing the wearer. Full plate steel armour developed in Europe during the Late Middle Ages, e ...

, this was among the earliest plate components to develop. They first appeared around 1230 and remained in use until 1650 when firearms made them obsolete. The specifics of poleyn design varied considerably over that period. The earliest poleyns were strapped over mail

chausses Chausses (; ) were a medieval term for leggings, which was also used for leg armour; routinely made of mail and referred to as mail ''chausses'', or ''demi-chausses'' if they only cover the front half of the leg. They generally extended well abo ...

. Fourteenth century and early fifteenth century poleyns usually attached to padded leggings or plate cuisses. During the fifteenth century poleyns developed an articulated construction that attached to the

cuisses Cuisses (; ; ) are a form of medieval armour worn to protect the thigh. The word is the plural of the French word ''cuisse'' meaning 'thigh'. While the skirt of a maille shirt or tassets of a cuirass could protect the upper legs from above, a ...

and

schynbalds Schynbalds were an early experiment in plate armour for the lower leg. Schynbalds were metal plates strapped over chausses. Each schynbald was a single piece of steel that covered the front and outside of the shin. Schynbalds did not enclose ...

greave A greave (from the Old French ''greve'' "shin, shin armor") or jambeau is a piece of armor that protects the human leg, leg. Description The primary purpose of greaves is to protect the tibia from attack. The tibia, or shinbone, is very close to ...

s. A characteristic of late fifteenth century Gothic plate armor was a projection that guarded the side of the knee.

Gallery

File:Villard de Honnecourt.jpg, An early example of poleyns worn over

, from an illustration by

Villard de Honnecourt Villard de Honnecourt (''Wilars dehonecort'', ''Vilars de Honecourt'') was a 13th-century artist from Picardy in northern France. He is known to history only through a surviving portfolio or "sketchbook" containing about 250 drawings and designs ...

(1230). File:Ludwig III in der Schlacht von Kulm.jpg, Ludwig III wearing Gothic plate armor with prominent poleyns, from a fifteenth-century manuscript. File:Dresden-Zwinger-Armoury-Armor.09.JPG, A late example of poleyns in a three-quarter suit of armor. Zwinger-Museum,

Dresden Dresden (; ; Upper Saxon German, Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; , ) is the capital city of the States of Germany, German state of Saxony and its second most populous city after Leipzig. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, 12th most p ...

Citations

References

External links

The Poleyn
instructions for creating reproduction sixteenth century poleyns

description of historic developments in leg armor Medieval armour Western plate armour {{medieval-armour-stub

Gallery

Citations

References

See also

External links