The Pluteaceae are a

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

of small to medium-sized

mushrooms A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground on soil or another food source. ''Toadstool'' generally refers to a poisonous mushroom. The standard for the name "mushroom" is ...

which have free

gill A gill () is a respiration organ, respiratory organ that many aquatic ecosystem, aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow r ...

attachment and pink

spore In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual reproduction, sexual (in fungi) or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for biological dispersal, dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores fo ...

s. Members of Pluteaceae can be mistaken for members of

Entolomataceae The Entolomataceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. The family contains eight genera and 2250 species, the majority of which are in ''Entoloma''. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are typically agaricoid (mushrooms with gills), but a mino ...

, but can be distinguished by the angled spores and attached gills of the Entolomataceae. The four genera in the Pluteaceae comprise the widely distributed ''

Volvariella ''Volvariella'' is a genus of fungi with deep salmon-pink gills and spore prints. Description The mushrooms lack a ring, and have an Amanita-like volva at the stem base. Some species of ''Amanita'' look similar, but ''Amanita'' has white spores ...

'' and '' Pluteus'', the rare '' Chamaeota'', and '' Volvopluteus'', which was newly described in 2011 as a result of

molecular A molecule is a group of two or more atoms that are held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not include ions that satisfy this criterion. In quantum physics, organic chemistry, ...

analysis. The ''Dictionary of the Fungi'' (10th edition, 2008) estimates there are 364 species in the family.

Selected species

* ''

Pluteus cervinus ''Pluteus cervinus'', commonly known as the deer shield, deer mushroom, or fawn mushroom, is a species of fungus in the order Agaricales. Fruit bodies are agaricoid (mushroom-shaped). ''Pluteus cervinus'' is saprotrophic and fruit bodies are foun ...

'', synonym ''Pluteus atricapillus'', or deer mushroom * ''Pluteus concentricus'' * '' Pluteus leoninus'' * ''Pluteus murinus'' * ''

Pluteus salicinus ''Pluteus salicinus'' is a European psychedelic mushroom that grows on wood. It is an edible mushroom after parboiling. Taxonomy The species was originally described by Christian Hendrik Persoon as ''Agaricus salicinus'' in 1798. Paul Kummer tr ...

'', or the knackers crumpet (hallucinogenic) * ''

Volvariella volvacea ''Volvariella volvacea'' (also known as paddy straw mushroom or straw mushroom) is a species of edible mushroom cultivated throughout East and Southeast Asia and used extensively in Asian cuisine. They are often available fresh in regions they ar ...

'' * '' Volvopluteus gloiocephalus''

References

External links

Family Pluteaceae information and pictures

Many pictures of species

Agaricales families {{Agaricales-stub

Selected species

See also

References

External links