Plumbide is an anion of

lead Lead () is a chemical element; it has Chemical symbol, symbol Pb (from Latin ) and atomic number 82. It is a Heavy metal (elements), heavy metal that is density, denser than most common materials. Lead is Mohs scale, soft and Ductility, malleabl ...

atoms. There are three plumbide anions, written as Pb⁻, Pb²⁻ and Pb⁴⁻ with 3

oxidation state In chemistry, the oxidation state, or oxidation number, is the hypothetical Electrical charge, charge of an atom if all of its Chemical bond, bonds to other atoms are fully Ionic bond, ionic. It describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons ...

s, −1, −2 and −4, respectively. A plumbide can refer to one of two things: an

intermetallic An intermetallic (also called intermetallic compound, intermetallic alloy, ordered intermetallic alloy, long-range-ordered alloy) is a type of metallic alloy that forms an ordered solid-state compound between two or more metallic elements. Inte ...

compound that contains

, or a Zintl phase compound with lead as the anion.

Zintl phase

Plumbides can be formed when lead forms a Zintl phase compound with a more metallic element. One salt that can be formed this way is when

cryptand In chemistry, cryptands are a family of synthetic, bicyclic and polycyclic, multidentate ligands for a variety of cations. The Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1987 was given to Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, and Charles J. Pedersen for ...

reacts with

sodium Sodium is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Na (from Neo-Latin ) and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal. Sodium is an alkali metal, being in group 1 element, group 1 of the peri ...

and lead in

ethylenediamine Ethylenediamine (abbreviated as en when a ligand) is the organic compound with the formula C2H4(NH2)2. This colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor is a basic amine. It is a widely used building block in chemical synthesis, with approximately ...

(en) to produce b₅sup>2−, which is red in solution. Lead can also create anions with tin, in a series of anions with the formula n_9−''x''Pb_''x''sup>4−. Lead can also form the b₉sup>4− anion, which is emerald green in solution.

Examples

An example of a plumbide is CeRhPb. The lead atom has a

coordination number In chemistry, crystallography, and materials science, the coordination number, also called ligancy, of a central atom in a molecule or crystal is the number of atoms, molecules or ions bonded to it. The ion/molecule/atom surrounding the central ion ...

of 12 in the crystal structure of this compound. It is bound to four

rhodium Rhodium is a chemical element; it has symbol Rh and atomic number 45. It is a very rare, silvery-white, hard, corrosion-resistant transition metal. It is a noble metal and a member of the platinum group. It has only one naturally occurring isot ...

s, six

cerium Cerium is a chemical element; it has Chemical symbol, symbol Ce and atomic number 58. It is a hardness, soft, ductile, and silvery-white metal that tarnishes when exposed to air. Cerium is the second element in the lanthanide series, and while it ...

s, and two other lead atoms in the crystal structure of the chemical. Several other plumbides are the M₂Pd₂Pb plumbides, where M is a

rare-earth element The rare-earth elements (REE), also called the rare-earth metals or rare earths, and sometimes the lanthanides or lanthanoids (although scandium and yttrium, which do not belong to this series, are usually included as rare earths), are a set o ...

, and the intermetallic additionally contains a

palladium Palladium is a chemical element; it has symbol Pd and atomic number 46. It is a rare and lustrous silvery-white metal discovered in 1802 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. He named it after the asteroid Pallas (formally 2 Pallas), ...

. These plumbides tend to exhibit antiferromagnetism, and all of them are conductors. A third plumbide is Ti₆Pb_4.8. Like the above plumbides, it is an intermetallic, but it only contains

titanium Titanium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ti and atomic number 22. Found in nature only as an oxide, it can be reduced to produce a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength, resistant to corrosion in ...

as the other metal, and not any rare earths. Plumbides can also be Zintl phase compounds, such as (18-crown-6)sub>2K₂Pb₉·(en)_1.5. This is not a simple Zintl compound, but rather contains the organic molecules 18-crown-6 and

(en) in order to stabilize the crystal structure.

References

{{Monatomic anion compounds Lead compounds Intermetallics Anions Cluster chemistry