Plasma treatment is a
surface modification process for
textiles
Textile is an Hyponymy and hypernymy, umbrella term that includes various Fiber, fiber-based materials, including fibers, yarns, Staple (textiles)#Filament fiber, filaments, Thread (yarn), threads, and different types of #Fabric, fabric. ...
that imparts various functional properties at a lower
cost
Cost is the value of money that has been used up to produce something or deliver a service, and hence is not available for use anymore. In business, the cost may be one of acquisition, in which case the amount of money expended to acquire it i ...
, with fewer
chemical
A chemical substance is a unique form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Chemical substances may take the form of a single element or chemical compounds. If two or more chemical substances can be combin ...
adverse effects, and with a reduced
environmental impact
Environmental issues are disruptions in the usual function of ecosystems. Further, these issues can be caused by humans ( human impact on the environment) or they can be natural. These issues are considered serious when the ecosystem cannot reco ...
all while maintaining important textile properties.
Plasma
After
solid
Solid is a state of matter where molecules are closely packed and can not slide past each other. Solids resist compression, expansion, or external forces that would alter its shape, with the degree to which they are resisted dependent upon the ...
,
liquid
Liquid is a state of matter with a definite volume but no fixed shape. Liquids adapt to the shape of their container and are nearly incompressible, maintaining their volume even under pressure. The density of a liquid is usually close to th ...
, and
gas
Gas is a state of matter that has neither a fixed volume nor a fixed shape and is a compressible fluid. A ''pure gas'' is made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon) or molecules of either a single type of atom ( elements such as ...
, plasma is referred to as the
fourth state of matter. Non-thermal and cold plasma are used to modify the surfaces of textiles. Interactions with cold plasma have little effect on the bulk characteristics of textiles. When a cold plasma interacts with a material contained within it (substrate), a variety of events occur, individually or in combination. Four major types of effects are: Cross-linking, etching, functionalization, and the formation of a deposit on the substrate's surface.
Advantages
Plasma treatment in textiles can produce various functional properties, such as antimicrobial textiles, and water repellent textiles. In comparison to conventional
finishing procedures, plasmas have the significant advantage of lower chemical,
water
Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, and Color of water, nearly colorless chemical substance. It is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known liv ...
, and
energy
Energy () is the physical quantity, quantitative physical property, property that is transferred to a physical body, body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of Work (thermodynamics), work and in the form of heat and l ...
use. Plasma treatment is environmentally friendly because it is comparable to a dry process.
[{{Citation, last1=Dave, first1=Hemen, title=8 - Nonthermal plasma: A promising green technology to improve environmental performance of textile industries, date=2019-01-01, url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081024911000083, work=The Impact and Prospects of Green Chemistry for Textile Technology, pages=199–249, editor-last=Shahid-ul-Islam, series=The Textile Institute Book Series, publisher=Woodhead Publishing, language=en, isbn=978-0-08-102491-1, access-date=2022-02-17, last2=Ledwani, first2=Lalita, last3=Nema, first3=S. K., editor2-last=Butola, editor2-first=B. S.]
See also
*
Textile performance
Textile performance, also known as fitness for purpose, is a textile's capacity to withstand various conditions, environments, and hazards, qualifying it for particular uses. The performance of textile products influences their appearance, comfo ...
References
Textile treatments
Properties of textiles
Textile techniques