The Plain Yellow Banner () was one of the

Eight Banners The Eight Banners (in Manchu language, Manchu: ''jakūn gūsa'', , ) were administrative and military divisions under the Later Jin (1616–1636), Later Jin and Qing dynasty, Qing dynasties of China into which all Manchu people, Manchu househol ...

Manchu The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic peoples, Tungusic East Asian people, East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized Ethnic minorities in China, ethnic minority in China and the people from wh ...

military and society during the Later Jin and

Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the ...

of China. The Plain Yellow Banner was one of three "upper" banner armies under the direct command of the

emperor The word ''emperor'' (from , via ) can mean the male ruler of an empire. ''Empress'', the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), mother/grandmother (empress dowager/grand empress dowager), or a woman who rules ...

himself, and one of the four "right wing" banners. The Plain Yellow Banner was the original banner commanded personally by

Nurhaci Nurhaci (14 May 1559 – 30 September 1626), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Qing, was the founding khan of the Jurchen people, Jurchen-led Later Jin (1616–1636), Later Jin dynasty. As the leader of the House of Aisin-Gi ...

. The Plain Yellow Banner and the Bordered Yellow Banner were split from each other in 1615, when the troops of the original four banner armies (Yellow, Blue, Red, and White) were divided into eight by adding a bordered variant to each banner's design. After Nurhaci's death, his son

Hong Taiji Hong Taiji (28 November 1592 – 21 September 1643), also rendered as Huang Taiji and sometimes referred to as Abahai in Western literature, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizong of Qing, was the second khan of the Later Jin ...

became khan, and took control of both yellow banners. Later, the

Shunzhi Emperor The Shunzhi Emperor (15 March 1638 – 5 February 1661), also known by his temple name Emperor Shizu of Qing, personal name Fulin, was the second Emperor of China, emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the first Qing emperor to rule over China pro ...

took over the Plain White Banner after the death of his regent,

Dorgon Dorgon (17 November 1612 – 31 December 1650) was a Manchu prince and regent of the early Qing dynasty. Born in the House of Aisin-Gioro as the 14th son of Nurhaci (the founder of the Later Jin dynasty, which was the predecessor of the Qi ...

, to whom it previously belonged. From that point forward, the emperor directly controlled three "upper" banners (Plain Yellow, Bordered Yellow, and Plain White), as opposed to the other five "lower" banners. The flag of the Plain Yellow Banner eventually became the basis of the

Flag of the Qing dynasty The flag of the Qing dynasty was an emblem adopted in the late 19th century (1889) featuring the Azure Dragon on a plain yellow field with the red flaming pearl in the upper left corner. It became the first national flag of China and is usually re ...

Notable people

* Hešeri * Sonin (regent) * Yunsi * Qishan (official) *

Clan Nara A clan is a group of people united by Consanguinity, actual or Fictive kinship, perceived kinship and Ancestry, descent. Even if lineage details are unknown, a clan may claim descent from a founding member or apical ancestor who serves as a sym ...

** Consort Shu * Tulišen * Empress Xiaogongren, consort of the Kangxi Emperor * Zu Dashou ( Han) * Geng Zhongming (Han) * Tian Wenjing (Han) * Imperial Noble Consort Shujia * Noble Consort Jia * Imperial Noble Consort Zhemin * Empress Xiaojingcheng * Consort Rong ( Kangxi) * Concubine Yi

Notable clans

* Hešeri * Geng * Zu * Tian *

Gūwalgiya Gūwalgiya was one of the most powerful Manchu clans. It is often listed by historians as the first of the eight prominent Manchu clans of the Qing dynasty. After the demise of the dynasty, some of its descendants sinicized their clan name to th ...

* Ayan Gioro * Uya *

Borjigin A Borjigin is a member of the Mongol sub-clan that started with Bodonchar Munkhag of the Kiyat clan. Yesugei's descendants were thus said to be Kiyat-Borjigin. The senior Borjigids provided ruling princes for Mongolia and Inner Mongolia u ...

Šumuru Šumuru (Manchu language, Manchu: ; zh, c=舒穆祿氏) was one of the eight great clans of Manchu nobility (满清八大姓). After the Imperial Edict of the Abdication of the Qing Emperor, demise of the dynasty, some of its descendants sinic ...

* Magiya *

Donggo Donggo ( mnc, ᡩᠣᠩᡤᠣ, ) was a clan of Manchu nobility belonging to the Manchu Plain White Banner, one of the 3 upper banners of Eight Banner system. Several lineages were members of Manchu Plain Red Banner. Donggo Hala was a branch of I ...

* Yanja * Cheng * Wumit * Zheng * Zhou * Wang * Li * Ejo

References

Bibliography

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Notable people

Notable clans

References

Bibliography

Further reading