''Pilocarpus microphyllus'', the Maranham jaborandi, is a plant species in the genus ''

Pilocarpus ''Pilocarpus'' is a genus of about 13 species of plants belonging to the family Rutaceae, native to the Neotropics of South America. Various species are important pharmacologically as a source of the parasympathomimetic alkaloid Alkaloids ...

'' found native to several states in northern Brazil. Commercial production of the alkaloid muscarinic receptor agonist

pilocarpine Pilocarpine, sold under the brand name Pilopine HS among others, is a lactone alkaloid originally extracted from plants of the Pilocarpus genus. It is used as a medication to reduce pressure inside the eye and treat dry mouth. As an eye drop ...

is derived entirely from the leaves of the shrub.

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Plants described in 1893 Zanthoxyloideae {{Rutaceae-stub