Pigmeat Markham
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Dewey "Pigmeat" Markham (April 18, 1904 – December 13, 1981) was an African American entertainer. Though best known as a comedian, Markham was also a singer, dancer, and actor. His nickname came from a stage routine, in which he declared himself to be "Sweet Poppa Pigmeat". He was sometimes credited in films as Pigmeat "Alamo" Markham. He is also known for his 1968 single " Here Comes the Judge", which is often considered to be the earliest
hip hop Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hip- ...
record.


Early life and career

Markham was born in
Durham, North Carolina Durham ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of North Carolina and the county seat of Durham County, North Carolina, Durham County. Small portions of the city limits extend into Orange County, North Carolina, Orange County and Wake County, North Carol ...
. His family was the most prominent on their street, which came to be called (and later officially named) Markham Street in the Hayti District. Markham began his career in traveling music and
burlesque A burlesque is a literary, dramatic or musical work intended to cause laughter by caricaturing the manner or spirit of serious works, or by ludicrous treatment of their subjects.
shows. For a time he was a member of
Bessie Smith Bessie Smith (April 15, 1892 – September 26, 1937) was an African-American blues singer widely renowned during the Jazz Age. Nicknamed the "Honorific nicknames in popular music, Empress of the Blues" and formerly Queen of the Blues, she was t ...
's Traveling Revue in the 1920s. Later, he claimed he originated the ''Truckin' ''dance which became nationally popular at the start of the 1930s. In the 1940s he started making film appearances. In 1946 he recorded " Open the Door, Richard". Markham was a familiar act at New York's famed
Apollo Theater The Apollo Theater (formerly the Hurtig & Seamon's New Theatre; also Apollo Theatre or 125th Street Apollo Theatre) is a multi-use Theater (structure), theater at 253 125th Street (Manhattan), West 125th Street in the Harlem neighborhood of U ...
where he wore
blackface Blackface is the practice of performers using burned cork, shoe polish, or theatrical makeup to portray a caricature of black people on stage or in entertainment. Scholarship on the origins or definition of blackface vary with some taking a glo ...
makeup and huge painted white lips, despite complaints the vaudeville tradition was degrading. The book ''Showtime at the Apollo'' suggests, "He probably played the Apollo more often than any other performer." Starting in the 1950s Pigmeat Markham began appearing on television, making multiple appearances on ''
The Ed Sullivan Show ''The Ed Sullivan Show'' is an American television variety show that ran on CBS from June 20, 1948, to March 28, 1971, and was hosted by New York City, New York entertainment columnist Ed Sullivan. It was replaced in September 1971 by the ''CB ...
''. His boisterous, indecorous "heyeah (here) come da judge"
schtick A shtick is a comic theme or gimmick. The word entered the English language from the Yiddish ''shtik'' (שטיק), related to German ''Stück'', Polish ''sztuka'', Russian ''штука'' (all ultimately from Proto-Germanic *''stukkiją''), all ...
, which made a mockery of formal courtroom etiquette, became his signature routine. Markham would sit at an elevated judge's bench (often in a black graduation cap-and-gown, to look more impressive), and deal with a series of comic miscreants. He would often deliver his "judgments", as well as express frustration with the accused, by leaning over the bench and smacking the accused with an inflated bladder-balloon. He had hit comedy recordings in the 1960s on
Chess Records Chess Records was an American record company established in 1950 in Chicago, specializing in blues and rhythm and blues. It was the successor to Aristocrat Records, founded in 1947. It expanded into soul music, gospel music, early rock an ...
, and saw his routine's entry line become a
catchphrase A catchphrase (alternatively spelled catch phrase) is a phrase or expression recognized by its repeated utterance. Such phrases often originate in popular culture and in the arts, and typically spread through word of mouth and a variety of mass ...
on the ''
Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In ''Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In'' (often simply referred to as ''Laugh-In'') is an American sketch comedy television program that ran for six seasons from January 22, 1968, to July 23, 1973, on the NBC television network. The show, hosted by comed ...
''
NBC The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the NBC Entertainment division of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. It is one of NBCUniversal's ...
television show, as did his phrase "Look that up in your
Funk & Wagnalls Funk & Wagnalls was an American publisher known for its reference works, including ''A Standard Dictionary of the English Language'' (1st ed. 1893–5), and the ''Funk & Wagnalls Standard Encyclopedia'' (25 volumes, 1st ed. 1912).Funk & Wagnalls N ...
." Markham's most famous routine was "discovered" by the general public only after
Sammy Davis Jr. Samuel George Davis Jr. (December 8, 1925 – May 16, 1990) was an American singer, actor, comedian, dancer, and musician. At age two, Davis began his career in Vaudeville with his father Sammy Davis Sr. and the Will Mastin Trio, which t ...
had performed it as a guest on the March 25, 1968 episode of ''Laugh-In''. Due to the years of
racial segregation Racial segregation is the separation of people into race (human classification), racial or other Ethnicity, ethnic groups in daily life. Segregation can involve the spatial separation of the races, and mandatory use of different institutions, ...
in the American entertainment industry, he was not widely known by White audiences, and had almost exclusively performed on the " Chitlin' Circuit" of vaudeville, theatres, and night clubs and appeared in several
race film The race film or race movie was a genre of film produced in the United States between about 1915 and the early 1950s, consisting of films produced for African American, black audiences, and featuring black casts. Approximately five hundred race ...
s, including William D. Alexander's 1949 revue film '' Burlesque in Harlem'', which documented the Chitlin' Circuit. The phenomenal ripple effect of Davis's version of "the judge" led to Markham's opportunity to perform his signature Judge character himself as a ''Laugh-In'' regular during the 1968–69 television season. Archie Campbell later adapted Markham's routine, performing as "Justus O'Peace," on the
country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. When referring to a specific polity, the term "country" may refer to a sovereign state, state with limited recognition, constituent country, ...
version of ''Laugh-In'', ''
Hee Haw ''Hee Haw'' is an American television variety show featuring country music and humor with the fictional rural "Kornfield Kounty" as the backdrop. It aired from 1969 to 1993, and on TNN from 1996 to 1997. Reruns of the series were broadcast on ...
'', which borrowed heavily from the
minstrel show The minstrel show, also called minstrelsy, was an American form of theater developed in the early 19th century. The shows were performed by mostly white actors wearing blackface makeup for the purpose of portraying racial stereotypes of Afr ...
tradition. Thanks to his ''Heyeah come da judge'' routine, which originally was accompanied by music with a
funk Funk is a music genre that originated in African-American communities in the mid-1960s when musicians created a rhythmic, danceable new form of music through a mixture of various music genres that were popular among African-Americans in the ...
y beat, Pigmeat Markham is regarded as a forerunner of rap. His song " Here Comes the Judge" peaked at number 19 on the ''
Billboard A billboard (also called a hoarding in the UK and many other parts of the world) is a large outdoor advertising structure (a billing board), typically found in high-traffic areas such as alongside busy roads. Billboards present large advertis ...
''(click on "Read More" once at the site) and other charts in 1968. He published an autobiography, ''Here Come the Judge!'', in the wake of his ''Laugh-In'' success. The song " Here Comes the Judge" was prominently sampled by Big Audio Dynamite II in the song " Rush".


Death

Markham died of a stroke at
Montefiore Medical Center Montefiore Einstein Medical Center is an academic medical center that is the primary teaching hospital of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx, New York City. Its main campus, the Henry and Lucy Moses Division, is in the Norwo ...
in
the Bronx The Bronx ( ) is the northernmost of the five Boroughs of New York City, boroughs of New York City, coextensive with Bronx County, in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York. It shares a land border with Westchester County, New York, West ...
at the age of 77. He is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in The Bronx, New York City.


Discography

References:


Albums

*''At the Party'' (1961) *''The Trial'' (1961) *''Anything Goes with Pigmeat'' (1962) *''Open the Door Richard'' (1963) *''The World's Greatest Clown'' (1963) *''The Best of Moms and Pigmeat Volume One'' (1964) (with
Moms Mabley Loretta Mary Aiken (March 19, 1897 – May 23, 1975), known by her stage name Jackie "Moms" Mabley, was an American stand-up comedian and actress. Mabley began her career on the theater stage in the 1920s and became a veteran entertainer of the ...
) *''Mr. Funny Man'' (1965) *''This'll Kill Ya!'' (1965) *''One More Time...'' (1966) (with Moms Mabley) *''If You Can't Be Good, Be Careful!'' (1966) *''Mr. Vaudeville'' (1967) *''Save Your Soul, Baby!'' (1967) *''Here Come the Judge'' (1968) *''Tune Me In'' (1968) *''The Hustlers'' (1968) *''Backstage'' (1968) *''Pigmeat's Bag'' (1968) *''Would the Real Pigmeat Markham Please Sit Down'' (1973) *''The Crap-Shootin' Rev''


Singles


References


External links

*
Pigmeat Markham
at
Discogs Discogs ( ; short for " discographies") is a database of information about audio recordings, including commercial releases, promotional releases, and bootleg or off-label releases. Database contents are user-generated, and described in ''T ...
{{DEFAULTSORT:Markham, Pigmeat 1904 births 1981 deaths Male actors from Durham, North Carolina African-American male comedians African-American comedians African-American male dancers African-American dancers American male dancers American male comedians American comedy musicians Blackface minstrel performers Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York) Chess Records artists American vaudeville performers Musicians from Durham, North Carolina 20th-century American memoirists African-American non-fiction writers American non-fiction writers American male stage actors 20th-century African-American male actors 20th-century American male actors 20th-century American singers 20th-century American comedians 20th-century American dancers 20th-century American male singers 20th-century African-American male singers Comedians from North Carolina