Pierre Allemane
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Richard Louis Pierre Allemane (19 January 1882 – 24 May 1956) was a French
footballer A football player or footballer is a sportsperson who plays one of the different types of football. The main types of football are association football, American football, Canadian football, Australian rules football, Gaelic football, rugby lea ...
who played as a defender who played for
Club Français Club Français was a French association football club based in Paris which was founded in 1890. Club Français won the 1896 USFSA Football Championship and the 1931 Coupe de France. In 1900 the USFSA elected players from Club Français to r ...
, Racing Club de France, and CASG Paris between 1899 and 1914, reaching four national finals with Racing, and winning two (1903 and 1907). Between 1905 and 1908, he played seven matches for the French national team, all of which as
captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader or highest rank officer of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police depa ...
. He is widely regarded as one of the best French defenders of the early 20th century. He also competed in the football tournament at the 1900 Olympic Games in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
, winning a silver medal as a member of the
USFSA U.S. Figure Skating is the national Sports governing body, governing body for the sport of figure skating in the United States. It is recognized as such by the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC) under the Amateur Sports Act of 1 ...
Olympic team representing France, which was primarily made up of
Club Français Club Français was a French association football club based in Paris which was founded in 1890. Club Français won the 1896 USFSA Football Championship and the 1931 Coupe de France. In 1900 the USFSA elected players from Club Français to r ...
players.


Early life

Richard Pierre Louis Alègre was born in
Montpellier Montpellier (; ) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. One of the largest urban centres in the region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania, Montpellier is the prefecture of the Departments of France, department of ...
on 19 January 1882, and was only recognized by his father, Jean Pierre Alemane, or Allemane (both spellings are found in the civil registry) in 1898, when the latter decided to marry his mother in
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
, when Pierre was already 16 years old. However, he had already used his father's name before, since it is possible to find the name Allemane in the team of the
Passy Passy () is an area of Paris, France, located in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, 16th arrondissement, on the Rive Droite, Right Bank. It is adjacent to Auteuil, Paris, Auteuil to the southwest, and Chaillot to the northeast. It is home to many ...
club, the ''Union Athlétique'', from September 1896 onwards.


Club career


Club Français

Between 1896 and 1899, Allemane played with several Parisian clubs, such as ''Union athlétique de Passy'' in 1896, and then for United Sports Club in 1897 and 1898, the year in which he turned 16, but even though he was still very young, he was already standing out for his size at 1.80 metres tall, which, at a time when the average conscript was no taller than 1.63 metres, made him a colossus, especially since he would soon weigh 90 kilos, hence the choice to place him at the back. He was powerful and lively, and defended his camp with fierce energy. On 27 February 1899, the 17-year-old Allemane officially became a member of Club Français, and later that year, on 23 October, he started in the 1899 Coupe Manier final at
Suresnes Suresnes () is a commune in the western inner suburbs of Paris, France. Located in Hauts-de-Seine, from the centre of Paris, it had a population of 49,482 as of 2020. Suresnes borders the Bois de Boulogne in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, ...
, helping his side to a 6–0 win over RC Roubaix. Together with
Lucien Huteau Lucien Paul Noël Huteau (26 May 1878 – 16 February 1975) was a French footballer who played as a goalkeeper and who competed in the football tournament at the 1900 Olympic Games in Paris, winning a silver medal as a member of the USFSA Olympi ...
, Georges Garnier, and
Gaston Peltier Gaston Peltier (2 August 1877 – unknown) was a French Association football, footballer who played as a Forward (association football), Forward and who competed in the Football at the 1900 Summer Olympics, football tournament at the 1900 Olympic ...
, Allemane was a member of the Club Français team that won the 1899–1900 USFSA Paris championship. On 29 April 1900, he started in the final of the 1900 Challenge International du Nord in
Tourcoing Tourcoing (; ; ; ) is a city in northern France on the Belgian border. It is designated municipally as a commune within the department of Nord. Located to the north-northeast of Lille, adjacent to Roubaix, Tourcoing is the chef-lieu of two ca ...
, which ended in a 3–2 loss to
Le Havre Le Havre is a major port city in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy (administrative region), Normandy region of northern France. It is situated on the right bank of the estuary of the Seine, river Seine on the English Channel, Channe ...
. In the following week, on 6 May, he started in another final against Le Havre AC in the 1900 USFSA Football Championship, which ended in a 1–0 loss. Later that year, on 23 December, Allemane formed a defensive partnership with Louis Bach in the 1900 Coupe Manier final at
Joinville Joinville () is the largest city in Santa Catarina (state), Santa Catarina, in the Southern Brazil, Southern Region of Brazil. It is the third largest municipality in the southern region of Brazil, after the much larger state capitals of Curitib ...
, keeping a clean-sheet in a 1–0 win over ''UA I arrondissement''. The chronicles of the time often described the pairing of Allemane and Bach as a "wall".


Racing Club de France

In the build-up for a match against Racing Club de France in 1901, there were rumors about Allemane's departure to Racing; when the match arrived, however, he traveled with the Club Français players, undressed with them, and began to train with the CF jersey, but when the referee whistled the start of the game, he took off the colors of CF to appear with the ones of Racing, simply saying that he was playing against his teammates, and the remaining ten of them succumbed to a defeat. Due to this omission, Allemane's resignation from CF did not appear in the USFSA's official bulletin, and thus, when he was set to start in the final of the 1901 USFSA Football Championship against Le Havre on 14 April, the latter club filed a request for his disqualification on the basis that Allemane was not a Racing player, but the USFSA Commission decided otherwise because he had been part of RCF since 4 April. Allemane quickly became Racing's main pillar, playing a crucial role in helping the club reach the 1902 USFSA Football Championship final, which ended in a 5–3 loss to RC Roubaix, but he achieved his revenge in the following year, by beating Roubaix in the final (3–1). Allemane played the 1902 final as full-back, alongside Fernand Matthey, and the 1903 final as a wing-half. Allemane won his second French championship in
1907 Events January * January 14 – 1907 Kingston earthquake: A 6.5 Moment magnitude scale, Mw earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica, kills between 800 and 1,000. February * February 9 – The "Mud March (suffragists), Mud March", the ...
, again at the expense of Roubaix (3–2), this time as full-back alongside Victor Sergent, but then lost the 1908 final 2–1 to Roubaix, this time playing as a centre-half. Allemane also helped Racing win a three-peat of Coupe Dewar titles between
1905 As the second year of the massive Russo-Japanese War begins, more than 100,000 die in the largest world battles of that era, and the war chaos leads to the 1905 Russian Revolution against Nicholas II of Russia (Shostakovich's 11th Symphony i ...
and
1907 Events January * January 14 – 1907 Kingston earthquake: A 6.5 Moment magnitude scale, Mw earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica, kills between 800 and 1,000. February * February 9 – The "Mud March (suffragists), Mud March", the ...
, starting in the latter final alongside Sergent, which ended in a 2–0 win over
Olympique lillois Olympique Lillois was a French association football club from the city of Lille. Founded in 1902 they merged with SC Fives in 1944 to form Lille OSC. Honours Championnat de France *Champion: 1914, 1933 *Runner-up: 1936 Events Jan ...
. In 1908, he was described as a 27-year-old bank employee and as the "current best midfielder in France". While at Racing, Allemane did not hesitate to wear other jerseys, playing a few matches for other clubs, such as FC Paris in the 1903–04 season and S.C. Amical in 1908. The player was criticized in the press for regularly changing teams, having several licenses in different Parisian clubs, and was even suspected of selling his services, left and right, to the highest bidder, thus no longer being really an amateur.


Later career

In 1909, Racing wanted to stay faithful to amateurism and thus it sided with the
USFSA U.S. Figure Skating is the national Sports governing body, governing body for the sport of figure skating in the United States. It is recognized as such by the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC) under the Amateur Sports Act of 1 ...
and its rigorism, so Allemane left the club right away and joined CASG Paris, which is the club of ''
Société Générale Société Générale S.A. (), colloquially known in English-speaking countries as SocGen (), is a French multinational universal bank and financial services company founded in 1864. It is registered in downtown Paris and headquartered nearby i ...
'', the well-known bank who had no sporting ambitions, since it played in the second division, but as the club of "bankers", it was where Allemane had his interests. He stayed loyal to CASG for five years until 1914, when Allemane decided to "rather train young players and to become a coach and manager" within USA Clichy, thus retiring from playing at the age of 32. In 1922, Allemane was described as having "embodied for a whole generation the type of French footballer. He was an ideal captain, possessing the technique and practice of the game, admirably helped by formidable physical means, without however lacking flexibility. He was truly the pillar of the acingteam".


International career


Unofficial appearances

Allemane was listed as a defender for the
USFSA U.S. Figure Skating is the national Sports governing body, governing body for the sport of figure skating in the United States. It is recognized as such by the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC) under the Amateur Sports Act of 1 ...
team at the 1900 Olympic Games. He was selected for both matches, which ended in a 4–0 loss to Upton Park on 20 September, and in a 6–2 win over a team representing
Belgium Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. Situated in a coastal lowland region known as the Low Countries, it is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeas ...
three days later. The French team came second and Allemane was thus awarded with a silver medal. In March 1902, Allemane played for a Paris XI that went to
London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...
to challenge
Marlow F.C. Marlow Football Club is a association football, football club based in Marlow, Buckinghamshire, England. They are currently members of the and play at the Alfred Davis Memorial Ground. Marlow are the only football club in England to have applie ...
, which ended in a 4–0 loss. In March 1904, he played for an unofficial French national team against
Southampton Southampton is a port City status in the United Kingdom, city and unitary authority in Hampshire, England. It is located approximately southwest of London, west of Portsmouth, and southeast of Salisbury. Southampton had a population of 253, ...
, a professional team that had recently beaten the French by the resounding score of 11–0, but with the addition of Allemane in the defense, they lost "only" by 6–1. After the match, he was "acclaimed, because he had never been so brilliant". On 5 March 1905, he played for a France XI in a
friendly match An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, scrimmage, demonstration, training match, pre-season game, warmup match, or preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sport, sporting event whose prize money and impact on th ...
against a London League XI, which ended in a 3–1 loss. At the time, the English amateur game was a game of avoidance, and not of duels, but Allemane, due to his extraordinary size, did not hesitate to use his weight in charges, thus engaging in pure improvisation (because pressing was not theorized anywhere then), in defensive pressing to hinder the English passing combinations; this caused the English to state that Allemane "is a necessity in your team".


Official appearances

Allemane was thus set to play for France in their first-ever official match against
Belgium Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. Situated in a coastal lowland region known as the Low Countries, it is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeas ...
on 1 May 1904, but he was unable to do so because he was doing his military service in Châlons-sur-Marne and had not been given leave, and without him, France conceded three goals in a 3–3 draw. The same happened in March 1905, but not in February, arriving at the last minute for the match against
Switzerland Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland ...
, for which he was named captain, which at the time were the ones who had the duty of dictating the tactics to be followed and making up the line-ups. In his debut, he captained his team to the first-ever victory in France's history (Switzerland, 1–0), but in his third appearance, he led his team to the heaviest defeat in France's history, a 15–0 loss to England amateurs on 1 November 1906. On 8 March 1908, in a match against Switzerland in
Geneva Geneva ( , ; ) ; ; . is the List of cities in Switzerland, second-most populous city in Switzerland and the most populous in French-speaking Romandy. Situated in the southwest of the country, where the Rhône exits Lake Geneva, it is the ca ...
, France conceded first, but "Allemane gathered his teammates and showed them how to proceed to win", leading his side to a comeback 2–1 victory, being carried in triumph after the match because he had never stopped encouraging and pushing his teammates on the field. In his next match, however, France lost 12–0 to England amateurs on 23 March, and when the game ended, the bitter and demoralized Allemane poured out his heart in the newspapers: "We will never learn anything from the Swiss and the Belgians, who do not know what English football is any more than we do. What profit will we get from this fight gainst England A complete disgust, an equally complete disillusionment, and the hope of equaling these masters is, in my opinion, unrealizable". A few days later, on 31 March, he announced his retirement from international football at the age of 26, but on 12 April, Allemane played his 7th and final international
cap A cap is a flat headgear, usually with a visor. Caps have crowns that fit very close to the head. They made their first appearance as early as 3200 BC. The origin of the word "cap" comes from the Old French word "chapeau" which means "head co ...
in a friendly match against Belgium, playing below his expected level in an eventual 2–1 loss. Allemane was still called up for the
1908 Olympic Games The 1908 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the IV Olympiad and also known as London 1908) were an international multi-sport event held in London, England, from 27 April to 31 October 1908. The 1908 Games were originally schedu ...
in
London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...
, but he ended up not traveling when the USFSA decided to send only two instead of three teams, which saved him from a humiliation that was undoubtedly worse than the one he had experienced against the English, since it exposed the French team to a resounding 17–1 loss to
Denmark Denmark is a Nordic countries, Nordic country in Northern Europe. It is the metropole and most populous constituent of the Kingdom of Denmark,, . also known as the Danish Realm, a constitutionally unitary state that includes the Autonomous a ...
.


Later life

During the
First World War World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
, Allemane was in the 11th Heavy Artillery and received the ''Croix de Guerre''. He remained attached to the artillery, was named lieutenant in 1922, and was still assigned to a battalion of reservists in 1933, at the age of 50. After the war, Allemane notably coached the first team of the USA Clichy. The principles of his tactics were based on precise passes, therefore on a collective game and not based on individual exploits of a gifted or inspired attacker, and on the offensive support of the half-backs. Allemane understood that there must not be too much space between the lines, which is what every coach strives to achieve today, a compact block. At the same time, he occasionally took on the role of sports advisor in the specialist press. A
stockbroker A stockbroker is an individual or company that buys and sells stocks and other investments for a financial market participant in return for a commission, markup, or fee. In most countries they are regulated as a broker or broker-dealer and ...
at the
Paris Stock Exchange Euronext Paris, formerly known as the Paris Bourse (), is a regulated securities trading venue in France. It is Europe's second largest stock exchange by market capitalization, behind the London Stock Exchange, as of December 2023. As of 2022, th ...
, he enjoyed an advantageous social position at the time.


Death

After retiring, he moved to a very small village in the Autreville, Aisne (600 inhabitants in the 1950s), where he died on 24 May 1956, at the age of 74.


Honours

Club Français * USFSA Paris Championship: 1899–1900 *
USFSA Football Championship U.S. Figure Skating is the national Sports governing body, governing body for the sport of figure skating in the United States. It is recognized as such by the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC) under the Amateur Sports Act of 1 ...
runner-up:
1900 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15 ...
* Coupe Manier:
1899 Events January * January 1 ** Spanish rule formally ends in Cuba with the cession of Spanish sovereignty to the U.S., concluding 400 years of the Spanish Empire in the Americas.''The American Monthly Review of Reviews'' (February 1899), p ...
,
1900 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15 ...
* Challenge International du Nord runner-up: 1900 Racing Club de France *
USFSA Football Championship U.S. Figure Skating is the national Sports governing body, governing body for the sport of figure skating in the United States. It is recognized as such by the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC) under the Amateur Sports Act of 1 ...
:
1903 Events January * January 1 – Edward VII is proclaimed Emperor of India. * January 10 – The Aceh Sultanate was fully annexed by the Dutch forces, deposing the last sultan, marking the end of the Aceh War that have lasted for al ...
,
1907 Events January * January 14 – 1907 Kingston earthquake: A 6.5 Moment magnitude scale, Mw earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica, kills between 800 and 1,000. February * February 9 – The "Mud March (suffragists), Mud March", the ...
; runner-up: 1902,
1908 This is the longest year in either the Julian or Gregorian calendars, having a duration of 31622401.38 seconds of Terrestrial Time (or ephemeris time), measured according to the definition of mean solar time. Events January * January ...
* Dewar Cup:
1905 As the second year of the massive Russo-Japanese War begins, more than 100,000 die in the largest world battles of that era, and the war chaos leads to the 1905 Russian Revolution against Nicholas II of Russia (Shostakovich's 11th Symphony i ...
,
1906 Events January–February * January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, ...
,
1907 Events January * January 14 – 1907 Kingston earthquake: A 6.5 Moment magnitude scale, Mw earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica, kills between 800 and 1,000. February * February 9 – The "Mud March (suffragists), Mud March", the ...
; runner-up
1904 Events January * January 7 – The distress signal ''CQD'' is established, only to be replaced 2 years later by ''SOS''. * January 8 – The Blackstone Library is dedicated, marking the beginning of the Chicago Public Library system. * ...
France *
Summer Olympics The Summer Olympic Games, also known as the Summer Olympics or the Games of the Olympiad, is a major international multi-sport event normally held once every four years. The inaugural Games took place in 1896 in Athens, then part of the King ...
silver medal:
1900 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 17), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 13 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 15 ...


References


External links

*
Profile on French federation official site
{{DEFAULTSORT:Allemane, Pierre 1882 births 1956 deaths Footballers from Montpellier French men's footballers France men's international footballers Men's association football defenders Olympic footballers for France Olympic silver medalists for France Footballers at the 1900 Summer Olympics Club Français players Racing Club de France Football players Olympic medalists in football Medalists at the 1900 Summer Olympics