''Physalaemus olfersii'' is a species of
frog
A frog is any member of a diverse and largely semiaquatic group of short-bodied, tailless amphibian vertebrates composing the order (biology), order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek , literally 'without tail'). Frog species with rough ski ...
in the family
Leptodactylidae
The southern frogs form the Leptodactylidae, a name that comes from Greek meaning a bird or other animal having slender toes. They are a diverse family of frogs that most likely diverged from other hyloids during the Cretaceous. The family has u ...
.
[ It is ]endemic
Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...
to southeastern Brazil and is known from Espírito Santo
Espírito Santo (; ) is a state in southeastern Brazil. Its capital is Vitória, and its largest city is Serra. With an extensive coastline, the state hosts some of the country's main ports, and its beaches are significant tourist attracti ...
, southeastern Minas Gerais
Minas Gerais () is one of the 27 federative units of Brazil, being the fourth largest state by area and the second largest in number of inhabitants with a population of 20,539,989 according to the 2022 Brazilian census, 2022 census. Located in ...
, and São Paulo states.[ Records further south]Paraná Paraná, Paranã or Parana may refer to:
Geology
* Paraná Basin, a sedimentary basin in South America
Places In Argentina
*Paraná, Entre Ríos, a city
* Paraná Department, a part of Entre Ríos Province
In Brazil
*Paraná (state), a state ...
, and Santa Catarina) refer to '' Physalaemus lateristriga'', which was restored from the synonymy
A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means precisely or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words ''begin'', ''start'', ''commence'', and ''initiate'' are a ...
of ''Physalaemus olfersii'' in 2010.
Etymology
The specific name Specific name may refer to:
* in Database management systems, a system-assigned name that is unique within a particular database
In taxonomy, either of these two meanings, each with its own set of rules:
* Specific name (botany), the two-part (bino ...
''olfersii'' honors Ignaz von Olfers Ignaz is a male given name, related to the name Ignatius. Notable people with this name include:
* Ignaz Brüll (1846–1907), Moravian-born pianist and composer who lived and worked in Vienna
* Ignaz Bösendorfer (1796–1859), Austrian musicia ...
, German naturalist, historian, and diplomat.
Description
Adult males measure and adult females in snout–vent length
Snout–vent length (SVL) is a morphometric measurement taken in herpetology from the tip of the snout to the most posterior opening of the cloacal slit (vent)."direct line distance from tip of snout to posterior margin of vent" It is the mos ...
. The body is moderately robust. The head is longer than it is wide. The snout is pointed to sub-elliptical in dorsal view and acute in lateral view. The tympanum is in distinct as is the supra-tympanic fold. The fingers and the toes are thin and long and have slightly expanded tips; no webbing is present. Dorsal coloration varies from light brown to gray with small, irregular, and scattered brown blotches. A median line is present on the posterior 2/3 of the dorsum. The loreal region is dark brown with some dispersed white dots. A black stripe runs from the postorbital region to the anterior margin of the gland. A weak white line runs on the canthus rostralis
In snakes and amphibians, the canthus, canthal ridge or ''canthus rostralis''Spawls S, Branch B. 1995. ''The Dangerous Snakes of Africa''. Ralph Curtis Books. Dubai: Oriental Press. 192 pp. . is the angle between the flat crown of the head and the ...
, becoming well marked on the border of the upper eyelid and on the dorsolateral fold. The gular
Gular may refer to:
Pertaining to the throat
* Gular scales in reptiles
* Gular scute, or gular projection, in turtles and tortoises
* Gular fold in lizards
* Gular skin, or gular sac, in birds and some gibbons
Other uses
*Gular, another name of ...
is dark gray with white dots that continue to the anterior part of the abdomen; the posterior of the abdomen is uniformly light brown. Males have a subgular vocal sac
The vocal sac is the flexible Biological membrane, membrane of skin possessed by most male frogs and toads. The purpose of the vocal sac is usually as an amplification of their mating or advertisement call. The presence or development of the voca ...
.
Habitat and conservation
''Physalaemus olfersii'' occurs in primary and secondary forest at elevations below . It lives in the leaf litter, on the ground, and in low vegetation. Breeding takes place in temporary and permanent ponds. It is a common species, although it probably can be threatened by habitat loss
Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss or habitat reduction) occurs when a natural habitat is no longer able to support its native species. The organisms once living there have either moved elsewhere, or are dead, leading to a decrease ...
.
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2239603
olfersii
Amphibians of the Atlantic Forest
Endemic frogs of Brazil
Amphibians described in 1856
Taxa named by Hinrich Lichtenstein
Taxa named by Eduard von Martens
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot