''Phtheochroa'' is a large
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
tortrix moth
The Tortricidae are a family of moths, commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths, in the order Lepidoptera. This large family has over 11,000 species described, and is the sole member of the superfamily Tortricoidea, although the genu ...
s (
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Tortricidae). It belongs to the
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...
Cochylini
The Cochylini are a tribe of tortrix moths. It used to be classified as the subfamily Cochylinae.
Diversity
The tribe contains about 1,000 described species in about 80 genera.
Distribution
Members of the tribe are present worldwide, but the gr ...
of
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...
Tortricinae
The Tortricinae are the nominate subfamily of tortrix moths. Commonly referred to as leafrollers, as the larvae build shelters by folding or rolling leaves of the food plant, the tortricinae include several notable pests as well species used as ...
.
Species
The currently recognized
species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
of ''Phtheochroa'' are:
[Baixeras et al. (2009b)]
* ''
Phtheochroa aarviki
''Phtheochroa aarviki'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Kenya
Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country located in East Africa. With an estimated population of more than 52.4 million as of mid-202 ...
''
Razowski & J.W. Brown, 2012
* ''
Phtheochroa aegrana
''Phtheochroa aegrana'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alberta, Oregon, California and New Mexico.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airp ...
''
(Walsingham, 1879)
* ''
Phtheochroa agelasta''
(Razowski, 1967)
* ''
Phtheochroa albiceps''
(Walsingham, 1914)
* ''
Phtheochroa amphibola
''Phtheochroa'' is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to the tribe Cochylini of subfamily Tortricinae.
Species
The currently recognized species of ''Phtheochroa'' are:Baixeras et al. (2009b)
* '' Phtheochroa aarviki ...
''
Razowski, 1994
* ''
Phtheochroa annae''
Huemer, 1989
* ''
Phtheochroa aureoalbida
''Phtheochroa aureoalbida'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Alberta, British Columbia, Montana, Colorado and Saskatchewan.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span ...
''
(Walsingham, 1895)
* ''
Phtheochroa aureopunctana''
(Ragonot, 1894)
* ''
Phtheochroa baracana''
(Busck, 1907)
* ''
Phtheochroa birdana''
(Busck, 1907)
* ''
Phtheochroa canariana''
(Barnes & Busck, 1920)
* ''
Phtheochroa cartwrightana''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Phtheochroa chalcantha''
(Meyrick, 1912)
* ''
Phtheochroa chaunax''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa chlidantha''
Razowski, 1994
* ''
Phtheochroa chriacta''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa chriodes''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa ciona''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa circina''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa cistobursa''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa cymatodana''
(Rebel, 1927)
* ''
Phtheochroa decipiens
''Phtheochroa decipiens'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Russia (the southern Ural Mountains, the Caucasus), Syria, Central Asia and Iran., 2009: Synopsis of the ''Cochylini'' (Tortricidae: Tortricinae: Cochylini) ...
''
(Walsingham, 1900)
* ''
Phtheochroa deima
''Phtheochroa deima'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the State of Mexico in Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, ...
''
Razowski, 1994
* ''
Phtheochroa descensa
''Phtheochroa descensa'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It lives in Jalisco, Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders ...
''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa dodrantaria
''Phtheochroa dodrantaria'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Lebanon, the Near East and on Cyprus
Cyprus (), officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Situated ...
''
(Razowski, 1970)
* ''
Phtheochroa drenowskyi
''Phtheochroa drenowskyi'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Albania, Bulgaria and Italy.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the opposite wingti ...
''
(Rebel, 1916)
* ''
Phtheochroa duponchelana''
(Duponchel in Godart, 1843)
* ''
Phtheochroa durbonana''
(Lhomme, 1937)
* ''
Phtheochroa ecballiella''
Huemer, 1989
* ''
Phtheochroa eulabea''
Razowski, 1994
* ''
Phtheochroa exasperantana''
(Christoph, 1872)
* ''
Phtheochroa farinosana''
(Herrich-Schäffer, 1856)
* ''
Phtheochroa faulkneri''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa frigidana''
(Guenee, 1845)
* ''
Phtheochroa fulvicinctana''
(Constant, 1894)
* ''
Phtheochroa fulviplicana''
(Walsingham, 1879)
* ''
Phtheochroa gigantica''
(Busck, 1920)
* ''
Phtheochroa gracillimana''
(Rebel, 1910)
* ''
Phtheochroa huachucana''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Phtheochroa hyboscia
''Phtheochroa hyboscia'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Jalisco, Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and border ...
''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa hydnum''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa imitana
''Phtheochroa imitana'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in eastern Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called ...
''
Derra, 1992
* ''
Phtheochroa ingridae''
Huemer, 1990
* ''
Phtheochroa inopiana''
(Haworth, 811
* ''
Phtheochroa iodes''
(Clarke, 1968)
* ''
Phtheochroa issikii''
(Razowski, 1977)
* ''
Phtheochroa jerichoana''
(Amsel, 1935)
* ''
Phtheochroa johnibrowni
''Phtheochroa johnibrowni'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Jalisco, Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and bor ...
''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa kenneli
''Phtheochroa kenneli'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in southern Ukraine, the south-eastern Urals, the Caucasus, the Near East and Iran., 2009: Synopsis of the ''Cochylini'' (Tortricidae: Tortricinae: Cochylini) of I ...
''
(Obraztsov, 1944)
* ''
Phtheochroa kenyana''
Aarvik, 2010
* ''
Phtheochroa krulikowskiji''
(Obraztsov, 1944)
* ''
Phtheochroa larseni''
Huemer, 1990
* ''
Phtheochroa lonnvei
''Phtheochroa lonnvei'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Ethiopia.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the opposite wingtip. For example, the ...
''
Aarvik, 2010
* ''
Phtheochroa loricata
''Phtheochroa loricata'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Puebla, Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and border ...
''
(Razowski, 1984)
* ''
Phtheochroa lucentana''
(Kennel, 1899)
* ''
Phtheochroa melasma''
(Clarke, 1968)
* ''
Phtheochroa meraca
''Phtheochroa meraca'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Puebla, Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders ...
''
(Razowski, 1984)
* ''
Phtheochroa modestana''
(Busck, 1907)
* ''
Phtheochroa natalica''
Razowski, 2005
* ''
Phtheochroa noctivaga''
(Razowski, 1984)
* ''
Phtheochroa noema''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa obnubila''
(Razowski, 1984)
* ''
Phtheochroa ochodea''
Razowski, 1991
* ''
Phtheochroa ochralana''
(Chretien, 1915)
* ''
Phtheochroa ochrobasana''
(Chretien, 1915)
* ''
Phtheochroa osthelderi''
Huemer, 1989
* ''
Phtheochroa palpana''
(Ragonot, 1894)
* ''
Phtheochroa pecosana''
Kearfott, 1907
* ''
Phtheochroa perspicuana''
(Barnes & Busck, 1920)
* ''
Phtheochroa piptmachaeria''
Razowski, 1986
* ''
Phtheochroa pistrinana''
(Erschoff, 1877)
* ''
Phtheochroa primula''
(Walsingham, 1914)
* ''
Phtheochroa procerana
''Phtheochroa procerana'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania and Turkey.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the oppos ...
''
(Lederer, 1863)
* ''
Phtheochroa pulvillana''
(Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
* ''
Phtheochroa purana''
(Guenee, 1845)
* ''
Phtheochroa purissima''
(Osthelder, 1938)
* ''
Phtheochroa quaesita
''Phtheochroa quaesita'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Zacatecas, Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and bor ...
''
(Razowski, 1984)
* ''
Phtheochroa rafalskii''
Razowski, 1997
* ''
Phtheochroa rectangulana''
(Chretien, 1915)
* ''
Phtheochroa reisseri
''Phtheochroa reisseri'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found on Crete.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the opposite wingtip. For example, the Bo ...
''
(Razowski, 1970)
* ''
Phtheochroa retextana
''Phtheochroa retextana'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the Caucasus, Daghestan and Central Asia.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the op ...
''
(Erschoff, 1874)
* ''
Phtheochroa riscana
''Phtheochroa riscana'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Brunswick, New Jersey, Newfoundland, ...
''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Phtheochroa rugosana
''Phtheochroa rugosana'' is a small moth of the family Tortricidae.
It is found in western Europe (Iberian Peninsula, France and the British Isles) east to the Benelux, Switzerland and Italy, and further across the Balkans and Hungary to Asia Mi ...
''
* ''
Phtheochroa schreibersiana''
(Frölich, 1828)
* ''
Phtheochroa schreieri''
Derra, 1992
* ''
Phtheochroa simoniana
''Phtheochroa simoniana'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Italy, Spain, Portugal and Morocco.
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the opposite ...
''
(Staudinger, 1859)
* ''
Phtheochroa sinecarina
''Phtheochroa sinecarina'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Morocco
Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea t ...
''
Huemer, 1989
* ''
Phtheochroa sociana''
(Esartiya, 1988)
* ''
Phtheochroa sodaliana
''Phtheochroa sodaliana'', the buckthorn conch, is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in most of Europe (except the Iberian Peninsula and part of the Balkan Peninsula) and in Russia (Uralsk) and Lebanon. The habitat consists ...
''
(Haworth, 811
* ''
Phtheochroa subfumida''
(Falkovitsh, 1963)
* ''
Phtheochroa superbissima
''Phtheochroa superbissima'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Veracruz, Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and ...
''
(Razowski, 1984)
* ''
Phtheochroa syrtana''
Ragonot, 1888
* ''
Phtheochroa terminana
''Phtheochroa terminana'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in the United States, where it has been recorded from Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Tennessee.
The wing ...
''
(Busck, 1907)
* ''
Phtheochroa thiana''
(Staudinger, 1900)
* ''
Phtheochroa tubulata''
Arenberger, 1997
* ''
Phtheochroa undulata''
(Danilevsky in Danilevsky, Kuznetsov & Falkovitsh, 1962)
* ''
Phtheochroa unionana''
(Kennel, 1900)
* ''
Phtheochroa variolosana
''Phtheochroa variolosana'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in western Turkestan, Central Asia, Afghanistan and Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country ...
''
Christoph in Romanoff, 1887
* ''
Phtheochroa veirsi''
Razowski, 1986
* ''
Phtheochroa vicina''
(Walsingham, 1914)
* ''
Phtheochroa villana''
(Busck, 1907)
* ''
Phtheochroa vitellinana''
(Zeller, 1875)
* ''
Phtheochroa vulneratana''
(Zetterstedt, 1839)
* ''
Phtheochroa waracana''
(Kearfott, 1907)
* ''
Phtheochroa weiserti
''Phtheochroa weiserti'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Uzbekistan
, image_flag = Flag of Uzbekistan.svg
, image_coat = Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg
, symbol_type = Emblem of U ...
''
Arenberger, 1997
* ''
Phtheochroa zacualpana''
(Busck, 1913)
* ''
Phtheochroa zerena''
Razowski & Becker, 1993
Footnotes
References
* Baixeras, J.; Brown, J.W. & Gilligan, T.M. (2009a)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
Genus ''Phtheochroa'' account Version 1.3.1. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
*Baixeras, J.; Brown, J.W. & Gilligan, T.M. (2009b)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
''Phtheochroa'' species list Version 1.3.1. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
*
Further reading
* Aarvik, L., 2010
Review of East African Cochylini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) with description of new species ''Norwegian Journal of Entomology'' 57 (2): 81-108.
* Brown, J.W., 2005: ''World Catalogue of Insects'' vol. 5 ''Tortricidae''.
* Derra, D. 1990
''Atalanta'' 21 (3/4): 295-300.
* Razowski, J., 2011: Diagnoses and remarks on genera of Tortricidae, 2: Cochylini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). ''Shilap Revista de Lepidopterologia'' 39 (156): 397-414.
* Razowski, J.; Brown, J.W. 2012: Descriptions of new Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) reared from native fruit in Kenya. ''
Zootaxa
''Zootaxa'' is a peer-reviewed scientific mega journal for animal taxonomists. It is published by Magnolia Press (Auckland, New Zealand). The journal was established by Zhi-Qiang Zhang in 2001 and new issues are published multiple times a week ...
'', 3222: 1–27
PreviewPDF
* Stephens, 1829, ''A Systematic Catalogue of British Insects'' 2: 191
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1764555
Cochylini
Tortricidae genera