''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (

jumping spider Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family (biology), family Salticidae. , this family contained over 600 species description, described genus, genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spide ...

s). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green

chelicerae The chelicerae () are the arthropod mouthparts, mouthparts of the subphylum Chelicerata, an arthropod group that includes arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. Commonly referred to as "jaws", chelicerae may be shaped as either articulated ...

. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost exclusively in

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South Ameri ...

, with the exception of two exported species (''

Phidippus audax ''Phidippus audax'', the bold jumper or daring jumping spider, is a common species of spider belonging to the genus ''Phidippus'', a group of jumping spiders easily identified by their large eyes and their Iridescence, iridescent chelicerae.Jack ...

'' and ''

Phidippus regius ''Phidippus regius'', commonly known as the regal jumper, is a species of jumping spider found in parts of the United States and the Caribbean. It is the largest species of jumping spider in eastern North America. Description Adult male ''P. ...

'').Edwards, G. B. (2004). pp. vii, 4–6. , there were about 80 described species in the genus. Species previously described in ''Phidippus'' which are found in

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

and

Bangladesh Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world and among the List of countries and dependencies by ...

do not belong in this genus.

Name

The genus name is likely derived from

Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, orator, writer and Academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises tha ...

's speech ''Pro Rege Deiotaro'' (Speech in Behalf of King Deiotarus): Phidippus was a slave who was physician to King Deiotaros. Literally, the word means "one who spares horses" in

Ancient Greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ...

.Ubick ''et al.'' 2005

Species

, the

World Spider Catalog The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ...

accepted the following species: * '' Phidippus adonis'' Edwards, 2004 –

Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...

* '' Phidippus adumbratus'' Gertsch, 1934 – United States *'' Phidippus aeneidens'' Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru *''

Phidippus albocinctus ''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost ...

'' Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana * ''

Phidippus amans ''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost ...

'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico * ''

Phidippus albulatus ''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost ...

'' F. O. P-Cambridge, 1901 – Mexico * ''

Phidippus apacheanus ''Phidippus apacheanus'' is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States, Mexico, and Cuba. Description It is large for a jumping spider, small males of this species measure 3.3mm and large female can ...

Chamberlin The Chamberlin is an electro-mechanical keyboard instrument that was a precursor to the Mellotron. It was developed and patented by the American inventor Harry Chamberlin from 1949 to 1956, when the first model was introduced. There are several ...

& Gertsch, 1929 – United States, Mexico,

Cuba Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba (largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and List of islands of Cuba, 4,195 islands, islets and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the ...

* ''

Phidippus ardens ''Phidippus ardens'' is a species of jumping spider. It is found in the western United States and Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and bord ...

'' Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – United States, Mexico * ''

Phidippus arizonensis ''Phidippus arizonensis'' is a spider in the family Salticidae ("jumping spiders"), in the infraorder Araneomorphae ("true spiders"). The distribution range of ''Phidippus arizonensis'' includes the United States and Mexico. References Externa ...

'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus asotus'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933 – United States, Mexico * ''

'' ( Hentz, 1845) – North America, introduced in

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; ) is an island U.S. state, state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland. One of the two Non-contiguous United States, non-contiguous U.S. states (along with Alaska), it is the only sta ...

Nicobar Islands The Nicobar Islands are an archipelago, archipelagic island chain in the eastern Indian Ocean. They are located in Southeast Asia, northwest of Aceh on Sumatra, and separated from Thailand to the east by the Andaman Sea. Located southeast of t ...

* '' Phidippus aureus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States *'' Phidippus bengalensis'' Tikader, 1977 – India *'' Phidippus bhimrakshiti'' Gajbe, 2004 – India * '' Phidippus bidentatus'' F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901 – United States to

Costa Rica Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America. It borders Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, as well as Maritime bo ...

*'' Phidippus birabeni'' Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina * '' Phidippus boei'' Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus borealis'' Banks, 1895 – United States,

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ...

Alaska Alaska ( ) is a non-contiguous U.S. state on the northwest extremity of North America. Part of the Western United States region, it is one of the two non-contiguous U.S. states, alongside Hawaii. Alaska is also considered to be the north ...

*'' Phidippus calcuttaensis'' Biswas, 1984 – India * '' Phidippus californicus'' Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – North America * ''

Phidippus cardinalis ''Phidippus cardinalis'' is a species of jumping spider. It is commonly called cardinal jumper. It is one of the species of jumping spiders which are mimics of mutillid wasps in the genus ''Dasymutilla'' (commonly known as "velvet ants"); sever ...

'' (Hentz, 1845) – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus carneus'' Peckham & Peckham, 1896 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus carolinensis'' Peckham & Peckham, 1909 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus cerberus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico * '' Phidippus clarus''

Keyserling Keyserling is the surname of several members of the noble House of Keyserlingk: * Alexander Keyserling (1815–1891), Russian geologist, paleontologist, botanist and zoologist * Eugen von Keyserling (1833–1889), German arachnologist * Hermann Gr ...

, 1885 – North America * ''

Phidippus comatus ''Phidippus comatus'' is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family (biology), family Salticidae. , this family contained over 600 species description, described genu ...

'' Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – North America * '' Phidippus concinnus'' Gertsch, 1934 – United States * '' Phidippus cruentus'' F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901 – Mexico * '' Phidippus cryptus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States, Canada * '' Phidippus dianthus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico *'' Phidippus exlineae'' Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela * '' Phidippus felinus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States * '' Phidippus georgii'' Peckham & Peckham, 1896 – Mexico to

El Salvador El Salvador, officially the Republic of El Salvador, is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south by the Pacific Ocean. El Salvador's capital and largest city is S ...

*''

Phidippus guianensis ''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost ...

'' Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana *'' Phidippus hingstoni'' Mello-Leitão, 1948 – Guyana * '' Phidippus insignarius'' C. L. Koch, 1846 – United States * ''

Phidippus johnsoni ''Phidippus johnsoni'', the red-backed jumping spider or Johnson jumping spider, is one of the largest and most commonly encountered jumping spiders of western North America. It is not to be confused with the unrelated and highly venomous redback ...

'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – North America * '' Phidippus kastoni'' Edwards, 2004 – United States *'' Phidippus khandalaensis'' Tikader, 1977 – India * '' Phidippus lynceus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States * '' Phidippus maddisoni'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico *'' Phidippus majumderi'' Biswas, 1999 – Bangladesh * '' Phidippus mimicus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico * '' Phidippus morpheus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus mystaceus'' (Hentz, 1846) – United States * '' Phidippus nikites'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus octopunctatus'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus olympus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States * '' Phidippus otiosus'' (Hentz, 1846) – United States * '' Phidippus pacosauritus'' Edwards, 2020 – Mexico * '' Phidippus phoenix'' Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus pius'' Scheffer, 1905 – United States to Costa Rica * '' Phidippus pompatus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico * ''

Phidippus princeps ''Phidippus princeps'' is a species of jumping spider Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family (biology), family Salticidae. , this family contained over 600 species description, described genus, genera and over 6,000 ...

'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States, Canada * '' Phidippus pruinosus'' Peckham & Peckham, 1909 – United States *'' Phidippus punjabensis'' Tikader, 1974 – India * '' Phidippus purpuratus'' Keyserling, 1885 – United States, Canada * '' Phidippus putnami'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States * ''

'' C. L. Koch, 1846 (United States, West Indies,

Easter Island Easter Island (, ; , ) is an island and special territory of Chile in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. The island is renowned for its nearly 1,000 extant monumental statues, ...

– introduced) * '' Phidippus richmani'' Edwards, 2004 – United States *'' Phidippus tenuis'' (Kraus, 1955) – El Salvador * '' Phidippus texanus'' Banks, 1906 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus tigris'' Edwards, 2004 – United States *''

Phidippus tirapensis ''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost ...

'' Biswas & Biswas, 2006 – India * '' Phidippus toro'' Edwards, 1978 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus tux'' Pinter, 1970 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus tyrannus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus tyrrelli'' Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – North America * '' Phidippus ursulus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States * '' Phidippus venus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico * '' Phidippus vexans'' Edwards, 2004 – United States * '' Phidippus whitmani'' Peckham & Peckham, 1909 – United States, Canada * '' Phidippus workmani'' Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – United States *''

Phidippus yashodharae ''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost ...

'' Tikader, 1977 – India (Andaman Is.) *'' Phidippus zebrinus'' Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina * '' Phidippus zethus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico

Misplaced species

In addition to the species above, several species have been misplaced in the genus (according to Edwards' revision) but have yet to be transferred to other genera. These include: * '' Phidippus aeneidens'' Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru * ''

'' Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana * '' Phidippus bengalensis'' Tikader, 1977 – India * '' Phidippus bhimrakshiti'' Gajbe, 2004 – India * '' Phidippus birabeni'' Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina * '' Phidippus calcuttaensis'' Biswas, 1984 – India * '' Phidippus exlineae'' Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela * ''

'' Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana * '' Phidippus hingstoni'' Mello-Leitão, 1948 – Guyana * '' Phidippus khandalaensis'' Tikader, 1977 – India * '' Phidippus majumderi'' Biswas, 1999 – Bangladesh * '' Phidippus punjabensis'' Tikader, 1974 – India * '' Phidippus tenuis'' Kraus, 1955 – El Salvador * ''

'' Biswas & Biswas, 2006 – India * ''

'' Tikader, 1977 – Andaman Is. * '' Phidippus zebrinus'' Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina

References

Bibliography

* (1965): Observations on Three Species of ''Phidippus'' Jumping Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). ''

Psyche Psyche (''Psyché'' in French) is the Greek term for "soul" ( ψυχή). Psyche or La Psyché may also refer to: Psychology * Psyche (psychology), the totality of the human mind, conscious and unconscious * ''Psyche'', an 1846 book about the unc ...

'' 72:133-14
PDF
(''P. californicus'' = ''P. coccineus'', ''P. apacheanus'', ''P. octopunctatus'' = ''P. opifex'') * (editors) (2005): Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual. ''American Arachnological Society'' * (2004): Revision of the jumping spiders of the genus ''Phidippus'' (Araneae: Salticidae). ''Occasional Papers of the Florida State Collection of Arthropods'' 11: i-viii, 1–156, 350 figs.

External links

Videos

* David Edwin Hill: Portrait of feeding female ''Phidippus audax'' �
Video
* David Edwin Hill: Variable female forms of the jumping spider ''Phidippus clarus'' �
Video

Pictures

* Awesome Spiders

* ttp://www.cirrusimage.com/spider_jumping_P_mystaceus.htm ''Phidippus mystaceus'' photographs, adult male specimenbr>''Phidippus princeps'' reference photographs

Picture of ''Phidippus'' species
(free for noncommercial use) {{Taxonbar, from=Q137284 Salticidae Spiders of North America Salticidae genera