''Phalloceros'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

poeciliid The Poeciliidae are a family of freshwater fishes of the order Cyprinodontiformes, the tooth-carps, and include well-known live-bearing aquarium fish, such as the guppy, molly, platy, and swordtail. The original distribution of the family wa ...

s native to freshwater habitats in

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to th ...

Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...

and northern

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, t ...

. The majority are

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found els ...

southern Southern may refer to: Businesses * China Southern Airlines, airline based in Guangzhou, China * Southern Airways, defunct US airline * Southern Air, air cargo transportation company based in Norwalk, Connecticut, US * Southern Airways Express, M ...

and

southeastern Brazil The Southeast Region of Brazil ( pt, Região Sudeste do Brasil; ) is composed of the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. It is the richest region of the country, responsible for approximately 60% of the Brazilian ...

(only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' and ''P. leticiae''). ''P. caudimaculatus'' has long been part of the aquarium industry and has been introduced to countries far from its native range.

Species

There are currently 22 recognized species in this genus: * '' Phalloceros alessandrae''

Lucinda Lucinda may refer to: * Lucinda (given name), people with the given name ''Lucinda'' * Lucinda, Queensland, a town in Australia * ''Lucinda (steam yacht)'', a steam yacht of the Queensland Government * ''Lucinda'' (novel), a novel by P. D. Manvill ...

, 2008 * '' Phalloceros anisophallos''

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros aspilos ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros buckupi ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are Endemism, endemic to South Region, Brazil, southern and Southeast Region, Brazil, southeastern Brazil (on ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros caudimaculatus The dusky millions fish, speckled mosquitofish or the one-spot livebearer (''Phalloceros caudimaculatus'') is a species of fish native eastern and southern Brazil, northern Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay. It has also been introduced to Australi ...

'' ( R. F. Hensel, 1868) (Dusky millions fish) * '' Phalloceros elachistos''

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros enneaktinos ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' a ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros harpagos ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros heptaktinos ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros leptokeras ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros leticiae ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros lucenorum ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros malabarbai ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros megapolos ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros mikrommatos ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros ocellatus ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros pellos ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are endemic to southern and southeastern Brazil (only exceptions are ''P. caudimaculatus'', ''P. harpagos'' ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros reisi ''Phalloceros'' is a genus of poeciliids native to freshwater habitats in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina. The majority are Endemism, endemic to South Region, Brazil, southern and Southeast Region, Brazil, southeastern Brazil (on ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros spiloura ''Phalloceros spiloura'', the three point toothcarp, is a species of poeciliid fish native to Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and La ...

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros titthos ''Phalloceros titthos'', the breast toothcarp, is a species of poeciliid fish native to Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin Am ...

, 2008 * '' Phalloceros tupinamba''

, 2008 * ''

Phalloceros uai ''Phalloceros uai'', the one spot toothcarp, is a species of poeciliid fish native to Brazil. Distribution ''Phalloceros uai'' is found in the Rio das Velhas, in the Rio São Francisco basin in Brazil. Size The females of this species grow to a ...

, 2008

References

Poeciliidae Fish of South America Freshwater fish genera Taxa named by Carl H. Eigenmann Ray-finned fish genera {{Cyprinodontiformes-stub