''Phalangium'' is a genus of

harvestmen The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an Order (biology), order of arachnids Common name, colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, alth ...

, that occurs mostly in the

Old World The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by th ...

. The best known species is ''

Phalangium opilio ''Phalangium opilio'' is a species of harvestman belonging to the family Phalangiidae. Distribution It is "the most widespread species of harvestman in the world", occurring natively in Europe, and much of Asia. The species has been intro ...

'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman".

Species

The genus ''Phalangium'' contains the following species: * '' Phalangium aegyptiacum'' Savigny, 1816 (Egypt) * ''

Phalangium bilineatum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Fabricius, 1779 * '' Phalangium cancroides'' Müller, 1776 * ''

Phalangium clavipus ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Roewer, 1911 (

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) * '' Phalangium conigerum'' Sørensen, 1912 * '' Phalangium coronatum'' Fabricius, 1779 * '' Phalangium crassum'' Dufour, 1831 * '' Phalangium cristatum'' Olivier, 1791 * '' Phalangium grossipes'' Müller, 1776 * ''

Phalangium iberica ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Schenkel, 1939 (Spain) * '' Phalangium incanum'' C. L. Koch, 1839 * '' Phalangium licenti'' Schenkel, 1953 * '' Phalangium ligusticum'' (Roewer, 1923) (

Liguria Liguria (; lij, Ligûria ; french: Ligurie) is a Regions of Italy, region of north-western Italy; its Capital city, capital is Genoa. Its territory is crossed by the Alps and the Apennine Mountains, Apennines Mountain chain, mountain range and is ...

, Italy) * '' Phalangium lineola'' Dufour, 1831 * '' Phalangium litorale'' Störm, 1762 * '' Phalangium lupatum'' Eichwald, 1830 * '' Phalangium mamillatum'' Gervais, 1844 (Spain) * ''

Phalangium mesomelas ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Soerensen, 1910 (

Kilimanjaro Mount Kilimanjaro () is a dormant volcano in Tanzania. It has three volcanic cones: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. It is the highest mountain in Africa and the highest free-standing mountain above sea level in the world: above sea level and abo ...

) * ''

Phalangium minutum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Meade, 1861 * ''

Phalangium mucronatum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Müller, 1776 * ''

Phalangium muscorum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Latreille, 1802 * ''

'' Linnaeus, 1761 (Holarctic) * ''

Phalangium ortoni ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Wood, 1869 (Ecuador) * ''

Phalangium pallidum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Müller, 1776 * ''

Phalangium palmatum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Herbst, 1797 * ''

Phalangium punctipes ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' (L. Koch, 1878) (Armenia) * ''

Phalangium pygnogonum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of Opiliones, harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Ph ...

'' Müller, 1776 * ''

Phalangium riedeli ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Starega, 1973 * '' Phalangium rubens'' Hermann, 1804 * '' Phalangium rudipalpe'' Gervais, 1849 * '' Phalangium savignyi'' Savignyi, 1826 (Egypt, Italy) * '' Phalangium spiniferum'' Cantor, 1842 (

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, China) * '' Phalangium targionii'' (Canestrini, 1871) (Mediterranean) * '' Phalangium tricuspidatum'' Dufour, 1831 * '' Phalangium uncatum'' Hermann, 1804 (Austria)

Valid species (as of 2014)

Source Of the 35 species listed above, 6 are valid 'P. ligusticum'', ''P. opilio'' (originally described in 1758, not 1761), ''P. punctipes'', ''P. riedeli'', ''P. savignyi'' (originally described by Audouin, not Savigny) & ''P. targionii'' 3 belong to different genera of the opiliones, 4 belong to different arachnid orders, 2 are ''species inquirenda'' and 20 are ''nomina dubia''. The type species is ''P. opilio'', not ''P. iberica'' hich has been synonymised with ''Metaphalangium cirtanum'' (CL Koch, 1839) as designated by Latreille in 1810. In addition to the 6 valid names from the above list, the genus ''Bactrophalangium'' (with its 2 species) has been synonymized into ''Phalangium'', 8 species have been described since 2005 and one species described in 1953 is missing from the above list, making a total of 17 species currently recognized as valid.

References

Harvestmen {{Opiliones-stub