Petrea Volubilis
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''Petrea volubilis'', commonly known as purple wreath, queen's wreath or sandpaper vine, is an evergreen flowering vine in the family
Verbenaceae The Verbenaceae ( ), the verbena family or vervain family, is a family of mainly tropical flowering plants. It contains trees, shrubs, and herbs notable for heads, spikes, or clusters of small flowers, many of which have an aromatic smell. T ...
, native to tropical America, that is valued especially for its display of violet flowers.


Description

As a climbing plant, it grows to a height of , but as a shrub it grows to tall. It is a
vine A vine is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word ''vine'' can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.Jackson; Benjamin; Da ...
or semi-climbing shrub with puberulent stems, sometimes reaching in diameter. Leaves are elliptical-oblong, 5–16cm long and 3–8cm wide, apex acute or obtuse, base wedge-shaped, entire margin, sometimes sinuous, glabrous or pubescent, rough to the touch; petiole 0.2–1 cm long. The flowers emerge from bracts. Racemose inflorescences 8–20 cm long, axillary or terminal, solitary, puberulent
rachis In biology, a rachis (from the [], "backbone, spine") is a main axis or "shaft". In zoology and microbiology In vertebrates, ''rachis'' can refer to the series of articulated vertebrae, which encase the spinal cord. In this case the ''rachi ...
, 5-mere flowers on puberulent pedicels supported by a
deciduous In the fields of horticulture and botany, the term deciduous () means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed Leaf, leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, aft ...
bract ; calyx tube 0.2–0.7 cm long, glabrous or puberulent, corolla infundibuliform, 1 cm long, puberulent, blue;
ovary The ovary () is a gonad in the female reproductive system that produces ova; when released, an ovum travels through the fallopian tube/ oviduct into the uterus. There is an ovary on the left and the right side of the body. The ovaries are end ...
and glabrous style. Drupaceous fruit completely enclosed in the acrid calyx which acts as wings or floats.


Distribution and habitat

It is found especially on the banks of rivers and streams, from northern
Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...
to
Bolivia Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...
,
Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
and
Paraguay Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ...
in the
Antilles The Antilles is an archipelago bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the south and west, the Gulf of Mexico to the northwest, and the Atlantic Ocean to the north and east. The Antillean islands are divided into two smaller groupings: the Greater An ...
and in
Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...
. Depending on the climate, it can have up to two blooms in the year. Its very nectar-bearing flowers attract butterflies.


Selesta Vine

In an English poetry entitled "Sierran Pan", the American poet Henry Meade Bland used a plantae name ''Purple Vine'' which scientific name is ''Petrea Volubilis'' named by Scientist
Carl Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
. This plantae also names as Selesta Vine, Purple Wreath, Queen's Wreath and Sandpaper Vine. In Bengali language, the plantae doesn't have specific name except name indicates after colorful vegetable and gemstone like ''Nīlamanilatā'' which means ''Bluegem Vine'' or ''Bēgunilatā'' means ''Aubergine/Eggplant Vine.'' So, in this Bengali translation of the American English Poetry Sierran Pan ''was written by'' ''Poet Henry Meade Bland'', translator poet and researcher General Hari Seldon JR (USAF), PhD, STD, DH introduced the plantae as ''Selesta Vine'' which in Bengali is ''Syālēsatā Gulma/Latā'' means ''স্যালেশতা গুল্ম/লতা অর্থাৎ স্যালেশতা লতা এবং/অথবা স্যালেশতা গুল্ম জাতীয় উদ্ভিদ''। ''It is a noted source that translator poet and researcher Hari Seldon named this plantae after his Russian wife Mrs. Selesta Seldon''.


Cultivation

In temperate climates, ''Petrea volubilis'' prefers full sun and can tolerate shade, although it will not flower profusely. It handles a very light and fleeting frost at temperatures down to -2 °C, but beyond this threshold the plant would die. It thrives in well drained, fertile soils and can tolerate
drought A drought is a period of drier-than-normal conditions.Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D.  Jiang, A.  Khan, W.  Pokam Mba, D.  Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, ...
. The Wayapi ethnic group traditionally uses a preparation with sap to treat burns, wounds, inflammation and
abscess An abscess is a collection of pus that has built up within the tissue of the body, usually caused by bacterial infection. Signs and symptoms of abscesses include redness, pain, warmth, and swelling. The swelling may feel fluid-filled when pre ...
es, and in the
Caribbean The Caribbean ( , ; ; ; ) is a region in the middle of the Americas centered around the Caribbean Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, mostly overlapping with the West Indies. Bordered by North America to the north, Central America ...
it is used to treat
diarrhea Diarrhea (American English), also spelled diarrhoea or diarrhœa (British English), is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements in a day. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration d ...
.Petrea volubilis - Pétrée volubile, Liane Saint Jean
by Jardin L'Encyclopédie


References


External links

* * {{Taxonbar, from=Q6073575 Plants described in 1753 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Verbenaceae