Peter B. Lowry
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Peter B. Lowry (April 1, 1941 – June 29, 2022) was an American
folklorist Folklore studies (also known as folkloristics, tradition studies or folk life studies in the UK) is the academic discipline devoted to the study of folklore. This term, along with its synonyms, gained currency in the 1950s to distinguish the ac ...
, writer, record producer,
ethnomusicologist Ethnomusicology is the multidisciplinary study of music in its cultural context. The discipline investigates social, cognitive, biological, comparative, and other dimensions. Ethnomusicologists study music as a reflection of culture and investiga ...
, historian, photographer, forensic musicologist, and teacher who dealt with aspects of
popular music Popular music is music with wide appeal that is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry. These forms and styles can be enjoyed and performed by people with little or no musical training.Popular Music. (2015). ''Fun ...
, mainly
African-American African Americans, also known as Black Americans and formerly also called Afro-Americans, are an American racial and ethnic group that consists of Americans who have total or partial ancestry from any of the Black racial groups of Africa. ...
. Born in
Montclair, New Jersey Montclair is a Township (New Jersey), township in Essex County, New Jersey, Essex County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Situated on the cliffs of the Watchung Mountains, Montclair is a commercial and cultural hub of North Jersey and a diverse ...
, he attended Deerfield Academy, and then Princeton University, where he specialized in the biological sciences. Teaching biology for a few years after obtaining a Master's in zoology, he changed his focus to
blues Blues is a music genre and musical form that originated among African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the 1860s. Blues has incorporated spiritual (music), spirituals, work songs, field hollers, Ring shout, shouts, cha ...
and
jazz Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its roots are in blues, ragtime, European harmony, African rhythmic rituals, spirituals, h ...
with a primary focus on the Piedmont blues of the south-eastern United States. He wrote extensively on blues and jazz music, founded
Trix Records Trix Records was an American independent record label, which was set up in 1972, by the folklorist Peter B. Lowry. It lasted just under a decade as an active label dealing mainly with Piedmont blues artists from the Southeastern states (the foc ...
, and moved to live in Australia in later life.


Ethnomusicological and folkloric field research

Lowry traveled through the South Eastern United States for over a decade in the 1970s and 80's doing field recording and other research in the Piedmont region of Virginia, Georgia, and the Carolinas, including interviewing, photographing, and recording blues and gospel musicians between 1970 and 1980, initially working in collaboration with British folklorist
Bruce Bastin Bruce Bastin (born 19 September 1939) is an English folklorist and a leading expert on the blues music styles of the southeastern states of America (such as East Coast blues and Piedmont blues). In 2022, his publication ''Red River Blues: The B ...
. His field research also took him occasionally to the Midwestern US, where he recorded local Michigan pianists for the album ''Detroit After Hours – Vol. 1'' and on to Chicago to record the blues albums ''Goin' Back Home'' (
Homesick James Homesick James (April 30, 1910December 13, 2006) was an American blues musician known for his mastery of the slide guitar. He worked with his cousin, Elmore James, and with Sonny Boy Williamson II. Early years Homesick James was born in Somervi ...
) and ''I've Been Around'' (
David "Honeyboy" Edwards David "Honeyboy" Edwards (June 28, 1915 – August 29, 2011) was an American delta blues guitarist and singer from Mississippi. Biography Edwards was born in Shaw, Mississippi.
).


Trix Records

In the early 1970s Lowry founded
Trix Records Trix Records was an American independent record label, which was set up in 1972, by the folklorist Peter B. Lowry. It lasted just under a decade as an active label dealing mainly with Piedmont blues artists from the Southeastern states (the foc ...
, which proceeded to issue six 45s, and then 17 full-length LPs, from his hundreds of hours of field recordings. Trix artists included the stepson of Blues legend
Robert Johnson Robert Leroy Johnson (May 8, 1911August 16, 1938) was an American blues musician and songwriter. His singing, guitar playing and songwriting on his landmark 1936 and 1937 recordings have influenced later generations of musicians. Although his r ...
,
Robert Jr. Lockwood Robert Lockwood Jr., a.k.a. Robert Jr. Lockwood, (March 27, 1915 – November 21, 2006) was an American Delta blues guitarist, who recorded for Chess Records and other Chicago labels in the 1950s and 1960s. He was the only guitarist to hav ...
; Detroit and Macon, GA's
Eddie Kirkland Eddie Kirkland (August 16, 1923 – February 27, 2011) was an American electric blues guitarist, harmonicist, singer, and songwriter. Kirkland, known as the "Gypsy of the Blues" for his rigorous touring schedules, played and toured with John ...
; Chicago's
David "Honeyboy" Edwards David "Honeyboy" Edwards (June 28, 1915 – August 29, 2011) was an American delta blues guitarist and singer from Mississippi. Biography Edwards was born in Shaw, Mississippi.
; and New York-based
Tarheel Slim Allen Rathel Bunn (September 24, 1923 – August 21, 1977), who was sometimes credited as Alden Bunn and who performed as Tarheel Slim, was an American singer, guitarist and songwriter whose work spanned gospel, blues, doowop, R&B, pop, and ...
. The then 92-year-old Edwards was the oldest musician to perform in Washington at the official celebration of the first inauguration of his country's first African American president, Edwards' neighbor,
Barack Obama Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who was the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African American president in American history. O ...
and received a
Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award The Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award is a special Grammy Award The Grammy Awards, stylized as GRAMMY, and often referred to as The Grammys, are awards presented by The Recording Academy of the United States to recognize outstanding achiev ...
in 2010. Trix Records remained active for two decades before the issued LP masters and company name were sold to
Joe Fields Joseph Charles Fields Jr. (born November 14, 1953) is an American former professional football player who was a center and guard in the National Football League (NFL) for the New York Jets and the New York Giants. Early life and education F ...
of
Muse Records Muse Records was a jazz record company and label founded in New York City by Joe Fields in 1972. Fields worked as an executive for Prestige Records in the 1960s. Several of the albums were previously released on Cobblestone Records. Muse also ...
, in New York. It was subsequently sold on to
Joel Dorn Joel Dorn (April 7, 1942 – December 17, 2007) was an American jazz and R&B music producer and record label entrepreneur. He worked at Atlantic Records, and later founded the 32 Jazz, Label M, and Hyena Records labels. He called himself ...
and 32 Jazz/Blues, also in NYC, before ending with JVC's
Savoy Jazz Savoy Records is an American record company and label established by Herman Lubinsky in 1942 in Newark, New Jersey. Savoy specialized in jazz, rhythm and blues, and gospel music. In September 2017, Savoy was acquired by Concord Bicycle Music. ...
imprint. Lowry also produced albums for
Atlantic Records Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegun and Herb Abramson. Over the course of its first two decades, starting from the release of its first recor ...
(at the urging of Atlantic's founder
Ahmet Ertegun Ahmet Ertegun ( ; , ; July 31, 1923 – December 14, 2006) was a Turkish-American businessman, songwriter, record executive and philanthropist. Ertegun was the co-founder and president of Atlantic Records. He discovered and championed many lead ...
),
Muse Records Muse Records was a jazz record company and label founded in New York City by Joe Fields in 1972. Fields worked as an executive for Prestige Records in the 1960s. Several of the albums were previously released on Cobblestone Records. Muse also ...
,
Savoy Records Savoy Records is an American record company and label established by Herman Lubinsky in 1942 in Newark, New Jersey. Savoy specialized in jazz, rhythm and blues, and gospel music. In September 2017, Savoy was acquired by Concord Bicycle Music. ...
,
Columbia Records Columbia Records is an American reco ...
,
Biograph Records Biograph Records is a record label founded in 1967 by Arnold S. Caplin. It specialized in reissuing vintage American ragtime, jazz, and blues music. Its catalog includes titles by Bunny Berigan, Bing Crosby, The California Ramblers, Ruth Etting, ...
,
Flyright Records Flyright Records is a British record label incorporated in 1970 by Mike Leadbitter, Simon Napier, and Bruce Bastin. It specializes in reissues of American blues artists, but has issued some jazz by British musicians and some American jazz di ...
, and other companies. He began writing about blues music for '' Blues Unlimited'' in the UK in 1964 when, at the
Apollo Theatre The Apollo Theatre is a listed building, Grade II listed West End theatre in Shaftesbury Avenue in the City of Westminster, in central London.
in NYC, he became the first mainstream American journalist to interview and write about the young
B.B. King Riley B. King (September 16, 1925 – May 14, 2015), known professionally as B.B. King, was an American blues guitarist, singer, songwriter, and record producer. He introduced a sophisticated style of soloing based on fluid string bending, sh ...
in 1964.


Alan Lomax and Library of Congress

After his decade of active fieldwork, Lowry worked with renowned ethnomusicologist
Alan Lomax Alan Lomax (; January 31, 1915 – July 19, 2002) was an American ethnomusicologist, best known for his numerous field recordings of folk music during the 20th century. He was a musician, folklorist, archivist, writer, scholar, political activ ...
over two years at the Folklife Archives of the US
Library of Congress The Library of Congress (LOC) is a research library in Washington, D.C., serving as the library and research service for the United States Congress and the ''de facto'' national library of the United States. It also administers Copyright law o ...
on a project that later became "The Deep River of Song" series of CDs, a comprehensive collection of African American musics that was later commercially issued by
Rounder Records Rounder Records is an independent record label founded in 1970 in Somerville, Massachusetts, by Marian Leighton Levy, Ken Irwin, and Bill Nowlin. Focused on American roots music, Rounder's catalogue of more than 3000 titles includes records by A ...
in their "Alan Lomax Collection". The complete collection of Lowry's own field recorded material is copied and held in the permanent collection of the Library of Congress
American Folklife Center The American Folklife Center at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. was created by Congress in 1976 "to preserve and present American Folklife". The center includes the Archive of Folk Culture, established at the library in 1928 as a rep ...
Archive of Folk Culture. Later, his tapes were deposited with the
Southern Folklife Collection The Southern Folklife Collection is an archival resource at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, dedicated to collecting, preserving and disseminating traditional and vernacular music, art, and culture related to the American South. T ...
in the Wilson Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, so that it would be possible for interested members of the public to listen to any of them at either location for research purposes.


Writings on music

Lowry wrote about African American music from 1964, beginning with '' Blues Unlimited'' in the UK. He later wrote for ''
Blues & Rhythm ''Blues & Rhythm'' is a British music magazine dealing with all aspects of blues and gospel music. Founded in July 1984 it is - along with its American counterpart ''Living Blues'' - considered to be the premier magazine for all aspects of resear ...
'' (UK), ''
Cadence In Classical music, Western musical theory, a cadence () is the end of a Phrase (music), phrase in which the melody or harmony creates a sense of full or partial resolution (music), resolution, especially in music of the 16th century onwards.Don ...
'' (US), ''Jazz Digest/HIP'' (US), ''
Jazz Times ''JazzTimes'' was an American print magazine devoted to jazz. Published 10 times a year, it was founded in Washington, D.C., in 1970 by Ira Sabin as the newsletter ''Radio Free Jazz'' to complement his record store. Coverage After a decade ...
'' (US), ''
Juke Blues ''Juke Blues'' is a British magazine covering blues, R&B, gospel, soul, zydeco, and jazz. It was established in 1985 in London by Cilla Huggins, John Broven, and Bez Turner, and is now published in Bath, Somerset, England. Cilla Huggins has been ...
'' (UK), ''
Living Blues ''Living Blues: The Magazine of the African American Blues Tradition'' is a bi-monthly magazine focused on blues music, and America's oldest blues periodical. The magazine was founded as a quarterly in Chicago in 1970 by Jim O'Neal and Amy van ...
'' (US), ''
Penguin Eggs ''Penguin Eggs'' is the fifth and final studio album by English folk music, folk musician and singer Nic Jones, released by Topic Records in 1980. After establishing himself as a sought after figure on the British folk revival scene, Jones record ...
'' (CN), ''
Rhythms Rhythm (from Greek , ''rhythmos'', "any regular recurring motion, symmetry") generally means a " movement marked by the regulated succession of strong and weak elements, or of opposite or different conditions". This general meaning of regular rec ...
'' (in Melbourne, Australia), ''
Rolling Stone ''Rolling Stone'' is an American monthly magazine that focuses on music, politics, and popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco, California, in 1967 by Jann Wenner and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason. The magazine was first known fo ...
'', ''The International Association of Jazz Record Collectors Journal'' (US), and ''
Western Folklore ''Western Folklore'' is a quarterly academic journal for the study of folklore published by the Western States Folklore Society (formerly the California Folklore Society). It was established in 1942 as the ''California Folklore Quarterly'' and ob ...
'' (US), among others. His series of articles in ''Blues & Rhythm'' magazine was called "The Stuff Was Still There – More Traveling & Recording The Blues". Along with an earlier series ("Oddenda & Such"), it tells the stories of his record label,
Trix Records Trix Records was an American independent record label, which was set up in 1972, by the folklorist Peter B. Lowry. It lasted just under a decade as an active label dealing mainly with Piedmont blues artists from the Southeastern states (the foc ...
, the artists he located (and interviewed), recorded, and promoted along with the trials and tribulations of doing field research in the South East in the 1970s, plus the folly of owning and supporting a specialist blues music record label.


Education and other endeavors

A graduate of
Princeton University Princeton University is a private university, private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey, United States. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Elizabeth as the College of New Jersey, Princeton is the List of Colonial ...
, Lowry held an MS from
Rutgers University Rutgers University ( ), officially Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, is a Public university, public land-grant research university consisting of three campuses in New Jersey. Chartered in 1766, Rutgers was originally called Queen's C ...
in Zoology and Serology, studied medicine at
Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons (officially known as Columbia University Roy and Diana Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons) is the medical school of Columbia University, located at the Columbia University Irvin ...
at
Columbia University Columbia University in the City of New York, commonly referred to as Columbia University, is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in New York City. Established in 1754 as King's College on the grounds of Trinity Churc ...
and
Université Libre de Bruxelles The (French language, French, ; lit. Free University of Brussels; abbreviated ULB) is a French-speaking research university in Brussels, Belgium. It has three campuses: the ''Solbosch'' campus (in the City of Brussels and Ixelles), the ''Plain ...
and was a university lecturer in the biological sciences at
SUNY New Paltz The State University of New York at New Paltz (SUNY New Paltz or New Paltz) is a public university in New Paltz, New York. It traces its origins to the New Paltz Classical School, a secondary institution founded in 1828 and reorganized as an a ...
. Lowry later enrolled at
The University of Pennsylvania The University of Pennsylvania (Penn or UPenn) is a private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. One of nine colonial colleges, it was chartered in 1755 through the efforts of founder and first pr ...
in the PhD program in the
Folklore Folklore is the body of expressive culture shared by a particular group of people, culture or subculture. This includes oral traditions such as Narrative, tales, myths, legends, proverbs, Poetry, poems, jokes, and other oral traditions. This also ...
Department, acquiring a master's degree and completing his doctoral studies. He taught at a number of schools and universities as a visiting scholar and later worked on a book on Piedmont Blues, entitled ''Truckin' My Blues Away: Piedmont Blues in Context'', among other projects. These include more writings, as well as finally gathering his field recordings into possible album concepts; they number approximately fifty single-artist collections, with an additional twenty anthologies or "live" recordings. His first "field recordings" took place in 1966 at the Apollo Theatre in Harlem, of a show of blues. Lowry moved permanently to Australia in 1995, receiving Permanent Residency there as a scholar in the arts in 2000 for his unique expertise regarding American black musics.


Death

Lowry died in
Sydney Sydney is the capital city of the States and territories of Australia, state of New South Wales and the List of cities in Australia by population, most populous city in Australia. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Syd ...
, Australia, on June 29, 2022.


Select publications

*Lowry, Peter B. (2010) "Blues in the Southeast USA – More Travellin' & Recording The Blues" ("The Stuff Was Still There" series) ''Blues & Rhythm'', April, May, June, July, & September 2010 – continuing *Lowry, Peter B. (2010) Review of ''Jazz'' by Gary Giddins & Scott DeVeaux, in: ''The IAJRC Journal'', Vol. 43, #3, September 2010, pp.  30–32. *Lowry, Peter B., (2009) Review of Edward Komara, ed., ''The Routledge Encyclopedia of the Blues'', in: ''Western Folklore'' Vol. 68, No. 2/3 — Spring 2009; p. 321. *Lowry, Peter B. (2009) "DIY Fieldwork: George Mitchell's Southern Trawlings" in ''Rhythms'' (Melbourne) #203/June, pp.  26–27. *Lowry, Peter B. (2006) Review of ''Louis Armstrong & Paul Whiteman. Two Kings of Jazz'', by Joshua Berrett, in: IAJRC Journal, 39/3, pp.  89–90 *Welker, Gaile & Lowry, Peter B. (2006) entry "Piedmont Blues" in ''The Routledge Encyclopedia of the Blues'', ed. Edward Komara (New York: Routledge). . *Lowry, Peter B. (2005) review of ''Alan Lomax: Selected Writings, 1934–1997'': in ''Western Folklore'' – Winter, p. 368. *Lowry, Peter B. (2002) “Alan Lomax: Twentieth Century Icon” – ''Rhythms'' (Melbourne) #122, pp.  36–38. *Lowry, Peter B. (1977) "Atlanta Black Sound: A Survey of Black music from Atlanta During the 20th Century" in ''The Atlanta Historical Bulletin'', Vol. II, No. 2, pp.  88–113. *Lowry, Peter B. as "Pete Lowry" – extensive articles for ''Blues Unlimited'' (Sussex, UK), 1964–1975. *Ford, Robert. name entry in ''A Blues Bibliography'' (Bromley, Kent: Paul Pelletier Publishing, 1999; 2nd edition, New York: Routledge, 2007). *Komara, Edward. name entry in ''The Routledge Encyclopedia of the Blues'' (New York: Routledge). .


References


External links


Peter B. Lowry's personal web-site
in Stefan Wirz's American Music archive
"Sunday Blues" article on Peter B. LowryTrix Records' artist David "Honeyboy" Edwards receiving his Lifetime Achievement Grammy Award
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Lowry, Peter B. 1941 births 2022 deaths American folklorists American music critics American musicologists Writers from Montclair, New Jersey