The Peruvian Pacific sardine (

scientific name In Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin gramm ...

''Sardinops sagax sagax'') is a

subspecies In Taxonomy (biology), biological classification, subspecies (: subspecies) is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics (Morphology (biology), morpholog ...

of the

South American pilchard ''Sardinops'' is a monotypic genus of sardines of the Family (biology), family Alosidae. The only member of the genus is ''Sardinops sagax''. It is found in the Indo-Pacific and East Pacific oceans. Its length is up to . It has numerous common or ...

found in

Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...

. Related subspecies and species of international importance include '' Sardinops sagax caeruleus'' (USA), '' Sardinops sagax melanosticta'' (Japan), and '' Sardina pilchardus'' (Spain). Its geographical distribution extends from the

Gulf of Guayaquil The Gulf of Guayaquil is a large body of water of the Pacific Ocean in western South America. Its northern limit is the city of Santa Elena, Ecuador, Santa Elena, in Ecuador, and its southern limit is Cabo Blanco, Peru, Cabo Blanco, in Peru. The ...

(

Ecuador Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ...

) up to

Talcahuano Talcahuano () (From Mapudungun ''Tralkawenu'', "Thundering Sky") is a port city and commune in the Biobío Region of Chile. It is part of the Greater Concepción conurbation. Talcahuano is located in the south of the Central Zone of Chile. ...

(

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...

). The most important location of the fish in Peru is

Paita Paita is a city in northwestern Peru. It is the capital of the Paita Province which is in the Piura Region. It is a leading seaport in the region. Paita is located 1,089 km northwest of the country's capital Lima, and 57 km northwest of ...

, Parachique, Santa Rosa, and

Chimbote Chimbote ; ) is a city in northwestern Peru. It is the largest city in the Ancash Region and the List of cities in Peru, tenth most populous in Peru. With a population of 425,367 in 2017, it is the capital of both Santa Province and Chimbote Dist ...

. In November 2006, Peru obtained the right to use the term sardine, accompanied on the name of the fatherland and the scientific name, to commercialize this product and to assure its revenue to the markets of the world.

References

The Peruvian sardine, Sardinops sagax : Historical analysis of the fishery (1978-2005)
Clupeidae Fish of the Pacific Ocean Western South American coastal fauna {{Clupeiformes-stub