Periciazine ( INN), also known as pericyazine ( BAN) or propericiazine, is a

drug A drug is any chemical substance other than a nutrient or an essential dietary ingredient, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. Consumption of drugs can be via insufflation (medicine), inhalation, drug i ...

that belongs to the phenothiazine class of typical antipsychotics. Periciazine is not approved for sale in the

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. It is commonly sold in

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and

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under the tradename Neuleptil and in

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

and

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

under the tradename Neulactil.

Medical uses

The primary uses of periciazine include in the short-term treatment of severe

anxiety Anxiety is an emotion characterised by an unpleasant state of inner wikt:turmoil, turmoil and includes feelings of dread over Anticipation, anticipated events. Anxiety is different from fear in that fear is defined as the emotional response ...

or tension and in the maintenance treatment of psychotic disorders such as

schizophrenia Schizophrenia () is a mental disorder characterized variously by hallucinations (typically, Auditory hallucination#Schizophrenia, hearing voices), delusions, thought disorder, disorganized thinking and behavior, and Reduced affect display, f ...

. There is insufficient evidence to determine whether periciazine is more or less effective than other antipsychotics. A 2014

systematic review A systematic review is a scholarly synthesis of the evidence on a clearly presented topic using critical methods to identify, define and assess research on the topic. A systematic review extracts and interprets data from published studies on ...

compared periciazine with typical antipsychotics for schizophrenia: Periciazine has also been studied in the treatment of

opioid dependence Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a substance use disorder characterized by cravings for opioids, continued use despite physical and/or psychological deterioration, increased tolerance with use, and withdrawal symptoms after discontinuing opioids. ...

Adverse effects

Periciazine is a rather sedating and

anticholinergic Anticholinergics (anticholinergic agents) are substances that block the action of the acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter at synapses in the central nervous system, central and peripheral nervous system. These agents inhibit the parasympatheti ...

antipsychotic Antipsychotics, previously known as neuroleptics and major tranquilizers, are a class of Psychiatric medication, psychotropic medication primarily used to manage psychosis (including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia or disordered thought), p ...

, and despite being classed with the typical antipsychotics, its risk of extrapyramidal side effects is comparatively low. It has a relatively high risk of causing hyperprolactinaemia and a moderate risk of causing

weight gain Weight gain is an increase in body weight. This can involve an increase in muscle mass, fat deposits, excess fluids such as water or other factors. Weight gain can be a symptom of a serious medical condition. Description Weight gain occurs ...

and

orthostatic hypotension Orthostatic hypotension, also known as postural hypotension, is a medical condition wherein a person's blood pressure drops when they are standing up ( orthostasis) or sitting down. Primary orthostatic hypotension is also often referred to as ne ...

Synthesis

The final step in the synthesis involves the alkylation of 3-(2-cyanophenothiazin-10-yl)propyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate
CID:134990672
(1) with 4-Piperidinol 382-16-1(2) giving Periciazine (3).

References

External links

Neulactil - Summary of Product Characteristics
from the electronic Medicines Compendium

from the Therapeutic Goods Administration.

from

Health Canada Health Canada (HC; )Health Canada is the applied title under the Federal Identity Program; the legal title is Department of Health (). is the Structure of the Canadian federal government#Departments, with subsidiary units, department of the Gove ...

. {{Tricyclics 4-Hydroxypiperidines Conjugated nitriles M1 receptor antagonists M2 receptor antagonists M3 receptor antagonists M4 receptor antagonists M5 receptor antagonists Phenothiazines Typical antipsychotics