Pereslavl
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Pereslavl-Zalessky (, ), formerly known as Pereyaslavl-Zalessky, or simply Pereyaslavl, is a
town A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...
in
Yaroslavl Oblast Yaroslavl Oblast is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast), which is located in the Central Federal District, surrounded by the Tver Oblast, Tver, Moscow Oblast, Moscow, Ivanovo Oblast, Ivanovo, Vladimir Oblast, Vlad ...
,
Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...
, located on the main Moscow–
Yaroslavl Yaroslavl (; , ) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl rivers. ...
road and on the southeastern shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo at the mouth of the Trubezh River. Population:


History

It was founded in 1152 by George I of Vladimir as a projected capital of Zalesye (). The inhabitants of the nearby town of Kleshchin were relocated to the new town. Between 1175 and 1302, Pereslavl was the seat of a principality; in 1302, it was inherited by the prince of Moscow following the childless death of
Dmitry of Pereslavl Dmitry Alexandrovich (; 1250–1294) was Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1276 to 1281, and again from 1283 until 1293. Biography Dmitry was the second son of Alexander Nevsky. When his elder brother Vasily died young, Dmitry remained the chie ...
's son Ivan. Pereslavl-Zalessky was devastated numerous times by the
Mongols Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, China ( Inner Mongolia and other 11 autonomous territories), as well as the republics of Buryatia and Kalmykia in Russia. The Mongols are the principal member of the large family o ...
between the mid-13th century and the early 15th century. In 1611–1612, it suffered from the Polish invasion. In 1688–1693,
Peter the Great Peter I (, ; – ), better known as Peter the Great, was the Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia, Tsar of all Russia from 1682 and the first Emperor of Russia, Emperor of all Russia from 1721 until his death in 1725. He reigned j ...
built his famous "fun flotilla" on Lake Pleshcheyevo for his own amusement, including the so-called Peter's little boat (''botik''), which could be considered the forerunner of the Russian fleet. The
Central Naval Museum Central Naval Museum () is a naval museum in St Petersburg, Russia, reflecting the development of Russian naval traditions and the history of the Russian Navy. The museum’s permanent display includes such relics as the Botik of Peter the Great, ...
, which chronicles the history of the Russian fleet, currently houses this scale model boat. In 1708, the town became a part of
Moscow Governorate The Moscow Governorate was a province ('' guberniya'') of the Tsardom of Russia, and the Russian Empire. It was bordered by Tver Governorate to the north, Vladimir Governorate to the northeast, Ryazan Governorate to the southeast, Tula Gove ...
.Указ об учреждении губерний и о росписании к ним городов


Geography

Pereslavl-Zalessky is located in southern
Yaroslavl Oblast Yaroslavl Oblast is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast), which is located in the Central Federal District, surrounded by the Tver Oblast, Tver, Moscow Oblast, Moscow, Ivanovo Oblast, Ivanovo, Vladimir Oblast, Vlad ...
, near the border with
Moscow Oblast Moscow Oblast (, , informally known as , ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). With a population of 8,524,665 (Russian Census (2021), 2021 Census) living in an area of , it is one of the most densely populate ...
, northeast of
Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...
, and southwest of
Yaroslavl Yaroslavl (; , ) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl rivers. ...
.


Climate

Climate of Pereslavl-Zalessky is humid continental: long, cold and snowy winters and short, warm and rainy summers. Average temperatures range from in January to in July.


Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Pereslavl-Zalessky serves as the
administrative center An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located. In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgiu ...
of Pereslavsky District, even though it is not a part of it.Law #12-z As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of oblast significance of Pereslavl-Zalessky—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the
districts A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions ...
. As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Pereslavl-Zalessky is incorporated as Pereslavl-Zalessky Urban Okrug.Law #65-z


Science and education

The Program Systems Institute of the
Russian Academy of Sciences The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation; and additional scientific and social units such ...
is based in the town. A small, non-state university closely linked to the institute, the University of Pereslavl, existed between 1992 and 2017, when it went bankrupt and was liquidated.


Sights and architecture

The town is a part of the Golden Ring of Russia. Monuments of church architecture include six architecture complex convents and nine churches. Notable historic buildings are: *white stone Savior's Cathedral (1152–1157) *Church of Metropolitan Peter (1585) *Troitse-Danilov Monastery (16th–18th centuries) * Nikitsky Monastery (16th–19th centuries) *Feodorovsky Monastery (16th–19th centuries) *Goritsky Monastery (17th–18th centuries) File:Ba-sovetskaa-10-2002-alexander.jpg, Sovetskaya Street File:Pereslavl-Zalessky, Переславль-Залесский 3.jpg, St. Nicholas Monastery was built in the XIVth century File:Pereslavl SpasoPreobrazhenskyCathedral.JPG, Savior's Cathedral (1152–1157) File:Никитский-монастырь-шелапутин-2010-1053.jpg, Aeronautics festival over Nikitsky Monastery ;Museum and exhibits *Museum-Preserve of Pereslavl-Zalessky (in Goritsky Monastery) *Museum–Estate "The Little Boat of Peter the Great" *The Pereslavl Arboretum *Museum of Flat Irons *The Museum of Kettles *The Museum of Steam Engines The Kleshchin complex, an archaeological monument, is located about from the town proper. The original earthworks (which are still quite substantial) from the defensive wall that circled the town originally are still here, it is possible to walk along these defensive structures. As are portions if the original road that was at its base. The town sits on the banks of Lake Pleschayevo, a large lake that draws tourists throughout the season. Kite surfing is particularly popular, as is camping.


Notable people

* Nicetas Stylites, (??-1186) a 12th-century Russian saint who founded the Monastery of St. Nicetas *
Alexander Nevsky Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky (; ; monastic name: ''Aleksiy''; 13 May 1221 – 14 November 1263) was Prince of Novgorod (1236–1240; 1241–1256; 1258–1259), Grand Prince of Kiev (1249–1263), and Grand Prince of Vladimir (1252–1263). ...
, (1221–1263) prince and saint. * Pavel Kolendas, (1820-??) Russian portrait painter * Dmitry Mirimanoff (1861–1945) mathematician, contributed to
axiomatic set theory Set theory is the branch of mathematical logic that studies Set (mathematics), sets, which can be informally described as collections of objects. Although objects of any kind can be collected into a set, set theory – as a branch of mathema ...
* Dmitry Kardovsky, (1866–1943) an artist, illustrator and stage designer. * Leonid Kurchevsky, (1890–1937 or 1939) a Russian/Soviet weapons designer. * Mikhail Koshkin, (1898–1940) designed the
T-34 The T-34 is a Soviet medium tank from World War II. When introduced, its 76.2 mm (3 in) tank gun was more powerful than many of its contemporaries, and its 60-degree sloped armour provided good protection against Anti-tank warfare, ...
tank * Alexander Petrov, (born 1987) actor


References


Notes


Sources

* *


Further reading


Pereslavl-Zalessky. Materials for the History of the 17th and 18th centuries (1884)
(Переславль-Залесский. Материалы для истории города XVII и XVIII столетий) at Runivers.ru in DjVu and
PDF Portable document format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe Inc., Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, computer hardware, ...
formats


External links

* *
Audio guide to Pereslavl-Zalessky tourismpereslavl.ruPeter the Great's small boats
(PDF)


Guide to Golden Ring of Russia

Guide to Pereslavl-Zalessky
{{Authority control Pereslavsky Uyezd 1152 establishments in Europe 12th-century establishments in Russia Golden Ring of Russia