Perdicinae
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Perdicinae is a
polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...
former subfamily of birds in the
pheasant Pheasants ( ) are birds of several genera within the family Phasianidae in the order Galliformes. Although they can be found all over the world in introduced (and captive) populations, the pheasant genera's native range is restricted to Eura ...
family,
Phasianidae Phasianidae is a family (biology), family of heavy, ground-living birds, which includes pheasants, grouse, partridges, junglefowl, chickens, Turkey bird, turkeys, Old World quail, and peafowl. The family includes many of the most popular Game (hu ...
, regrouping the
partridge A partridge is a medium-sized Galliformes, galliform bird in any of several genera, with a wide Indigenous (ecology), native distribution throughout parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species have been introduced to the Americas. They ar ...
s, Old World quails, and
francolin Francolins are birds in the tribe Gallini that traditionally have been placed in the genus ''Francolinus'', but now commonly are divided into multiple genera. As previously defined, they were paraphyletic as the genus '' Pternistis'', which wa ...
s. Although this subfamily was considered
monophyletic In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent co ...
and separated from the
pheasant Pheasants ( ) are birds of several genera within the family Phasianidae in the order Galliformes. Although they can be found all over the world in introduced (and captive) populations, the pheasant genera's native range is restricted to Eura ...
s, tragopans, junglefowls, and peafowls ''(
Phasianinae The Phasianinae (Thomas Horsfield, Horsfield, 1821) are a subfamily (biology), subfamily of the pheasant family (Phasianidae) of landfowl, the order (biology), order Galliformes. The subfamily includes true pheasants, tragopans, grouse, Turkey ( ...
)'' till the early 1990s, molecular phylogenies have shown that these two subfamilies actually constitute only one lineage. For example, some
partridge A partridge is a medium-sized Galliformes, galliform bird in any of several genera, with a wide Indigenous (ecology), native distribution throughout parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species have been introduced to the Americas. They ar ...
s ( Perdix genus) are more closely affiliated to
pheasant Pheasants ( ) are birds of several genera within the family Phasianidae in the order Galliformes. Although they can be found all over the world in introduced (and captive) populations, the pheasant genera's native range is restricted to Eura ...
s, whereas Old World quails and
partridge A partridge is a medium-sized Galliformes, galliform bird in any of several genera, with a wide Indigenous (ecology), native distribution throughout parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species have been introduced to the Americas. They ar ...
s from the Alectoris genus are closer to junglefowls. Due to this, the subfamily Perdicinae is no longer recognized by the International Ornithological Congress, with the species being split among 3 subfamilies. Perdicinae is a non-migratory Old World group. These are medium-sized birds, and are native to
Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...
,
Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...
,
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
, and the
Middle East The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The term came into widespread usage by the United Kingdom and western Eur ...
. They are ground-nesting seed-eaters. The subfamily includes the
partridge A partridge is a medium-sized Galliformes, galliform bird in any of several genera, with a wide Indigenous (ecology), native distribution throughout parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species have been introduced to the Americas. They ar ...
s, the snowcocks, the
francolin Francolins are birds in the tribe Gallini that traditionally have been placed in the genus ''Francolinus'', but now commonly are divided into multiple genera. As previously defined, they were paraphyletic as the genus '' Pternistis'', which wa ...
s, the spurfowl and the Old World quail.


Species list in taxonomic order

*'' Alectoris'' ** Arabian partridge, ''Alectoris melanocephala'' ** Przevalski's partridge, ''Alectoris magna'' ** Rock partridge, ''Alectoris graeca'' ** Chukar partridge, ''Alectoris chukar'' ** Philby's partridge, ''Alectoris philbyi'' ** Barbary partridge, ''Alectoris barbara'' ** Red-legged partridge, ''Alectoris rufa'' *'' Ammoperdix'' ** See-see partridge, ''Ammoperdix griseogularis'' ** Sand partridge, ''Ammoperdix heyi'' *'' Arborophila'', the hill partridges ** Hill partridge, ''Arborophila torqueola'' ** Sichuan partridge, ''Arborophila rufipectus'' ** Chestnut-breasted partridge, ''Arborophila mandellii'' ** White-necklaced partridge, ''Arborophila gingica'' ** Rufous-throated partridge, ''Arborophila rufogularis'' ** White-cheeked partridge, ''Arborophila atrogularis'' ** Taiwan partridge, ''Arborophila crudigularis'' ** Hainan partridge, ''Arborophila ardens'' ** Chestnut-bellied partridge, ''Arborophila javanica'' ** Grey-breasted partridge, ''Arborophila orientalis'' ** Bar-backed partridge, ''Arborophila brunneopectus'' ** Orange-necked partridge, ''Arborophila davidi'' ** Chestnut-headed partridge, ''Arborophila cambodiana'' ** Red-breasted partridge, ''Arborophila hyperythra'' ** Red-billed partridge, ''Arborophila rubrirostris'' ** Sumatran partridge, ''Arborophila sumatrana'' ** Roll's partridge, ''Arborophila rolli'' ** Malayan partridge, ''Arborophila campbelli'' ** Vietnam partridge, ''Arborophila merlini'' *'' Bambusicola'' ** Mountain bamboo partridge, ''Bambusicola fytchii'' ** Chinese bamboo partridge, ''Bambusicola thoracica'' ** Taiwan bamboo partridge, ''Bambusicola sonorivox'' *'' Caloperdix'' ** Ferruginous partridge, ''Caloperdix oculea'' *'' Campocolinus'' ** Coqui francolin, ''Campocolinus coqui'' ** White-throated francolin, ''Campocolinus albogularis'' ** Schlegel's francolin, ''Campocolinus schlegelii'' *'' Coturnix'' ** Rain quail, ''Coturnix coromandelica'' ** Harlequin quail, ''Coturnix delegorguei'' ** Common quail, ''Coturnix coturnix'' ** Japanese quail, ''Coturnix japonica'' ** † New Zealand quail, ''Coturnix novaezelandiae'' (extinct) ** Stubble quail, ''Coturnix pectoralis'' *'' Francolinus'' ** Black francolin, ''Francolinus francolinus'' ** Painted francolin, ''Francolinus pictus'' ** Chinese francolin, ''Francolinus pintadeanus'' *'' Galloperdix'' ** Red spurfowl, ''Galloperdix spadicea'' ** Painted spurfowl, ''Galloperdix lunulata'' ** Sri Lanka spurfowl, ''Galloperdix bicalcarata'' *'' Haematortyx'' ** Crimson-headed partridge, ''Haematortyx sanguiniceps'' *'' Lerwa'' ** Snow partridge, ''Lerwa lerwa'' *''Margaroperdix'' ** Madagascar partridge, ''Margaroperdix madagarensis'' *''Melanoperdix'' ** Black partridge, ''Melanoperdix nigra'' *''Ophrysia'' ** Himalayan quail, ''Ophrysia monorthonyx'' *'' Ortygornis'' ** Crested francolin, ''Ortygornis sephaena'' ** Grey francolin, ''Ortygornis pondicerianus'' ** Swamp francolin, ''Ortygornis gularis'' *'' Peliperdix'' ** Latham's francolin, ''Peliperdix lathami'' *'' Perdicula'' ** Jungle bush quail, ''Perdicula asiatica'' ** Rock bush quail, ''Perdicula argoondah'' ** Painted bush quail, ''Perdicula erythrorhyncha'' ** Manipur bush quail, ''Perdicula manipurensis'' *'' Perdix'' ** Grey partridge, ''Perdix perdix'' ** Daurian partridge, ''Perdix dauurica'' ** Tibetan partridge, ''Perdix hodgsoniae'' *'' Rhizothera'' ** Long-billed partridge, ''Rhizothera longirostris'' ** Dulit partridge, 'Rhizothera dulitensis'' *'' Pternistis'' ** Hartlaub's spurfowl, ''Pternistis hartlaubi'' ** Mount Cameroon spurfowl, ''Pternistis camerunensis'' ** Handsome spurfowl, ''Pternistis nobilis'' ** Swierstra's spurfowl, ''Pternistis swierstrai'' ** Erckel's spurfowl, ''Pternistis erckelii'' ** Djibouti spurfowl, ''Pternistis ochropectus'' ** Chestnut-naped spurfowl, ''Pternistis castaneicollis'' ** Black-fronted spurfowl, ''Pternistis atrifrons'' ** Jackson's spurfowl, ''Pternistis jacksoni'' ** Scaly spurfowl, ''Pternistis squamatus'' ** Ahanta spurfowl, ''Pternistis ahantensis'' ** Grey-striped spurfowl, ''Pternistis griseostriatus'' ** Hildebrandt's spurfowl, ''Pternistis hildebrandti'' ** Natal spurfowl, ''Pternistis natalensis'' ** Red-billed spurfowl, ''Pternistis adspersus'' ** Cape spurfowl, ''Pternistis capensis'' ** Heuglin's spurfowl, ''Pternistis icterorhynchus'' ** Double-spurred spurfowl, ''Pternistis bicalcaratus'' ** Harwood's spurfowl, ''Pternistis harwoodi'' ** Clapperton's spurfowl, ''Pternistis clappertoni'' ** Yellow-necked spurfowl, ''Pternistis leucoscepus'' ** Swainson's spurfowl, ''Pternistis swainsonii'' ** Grey-breasted spurfowl, ''Pternistis rufopictus'' ** Red-necked spurfowl, ''Pternistis afer'' *'' Rollulus'' ** Crested partridge, ''Rollulus rouloul'' *'' Scleroptila'' ** Ring-necked francolin, ''Scleroptila streptophora'' ** Grey-winged francolin, ''Scleroptila afra'' ** Red-winged francolin, ''Scleroptila levaillantii'' ** Finsch's francolin, ''Scleroptila finschi'' ** Shelley's francolin, ''Scleroptila shelleyi'' ** Moorland francolin, ''Scleroptila psilolaema'' ** Orange River francolin, ''Scleroptila levaillantoides'' *'' Synoicus'' ** Brown quail, ''Synoicus ypsilophorus'' ** Snow Mountain quail, ''Synoicus monorthonyx'' ** King quail, ''Synoicus chinensis'' ** Blue quail, ''Synoicus adansonii'' *'' Tetraogallus'' ** Caucasian snowcock, ''Tetraogallus caucasicus'' ** Caspian snowcock, ''Tetraogallus caspius'' ** Himalayan snowcock, ''Tetraogallus himalayensis'' ** Tibetan snowcock, ''Tetraogallus tibetanus'' ** Altai snowcock, ''Tetraogallus altaicus'' *'' Tetraophasis'' ** Verreaux's monal-partridge, ''Tetraophasis obscurus'' ** Szechenyi's monal-partridge, ''Tetraophasis szechenyii'' *'' Tropicoperdix'' ** Green-legged partridge, ''Tropicoperdix chloropus'' ** Chestnut-necklaced partridge, ''Tropicoperdix charltonii'' *'' Xenoperdix'' ** Rubeho forest partridge, ''Xenoperdix obscuratus'' ** Udzungwa forest partridge, ''Xenoperdix udzungwensis''


References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q9304816 Phasianidae