Percy Gardner, (24 November 184617 July 1937) was an English classical

archaeologist Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, ...

and

numismatist A numismatist is a specialist, researcher, and/or well-informed collector of numismatics, numismatics/coins ("of coins"; from Late Latin , genitive of ). Numismatists can include collectors, specialist dealers, and scholar-researchers who use coi ...

. He was Disney Professor of Archaeology at the

University of Cambridge The University of Cambridge is a Public university, public collegiate university, collegiate research university in Cambridge, England. Founded in 1209, the University of Cambridge is the List of oldest universities in continuous operation, wo ...

from 1879 to 1887. He was Lincoln Professor of Classical Archaeology and Art at the

University of Oxford The University of Oxford is a collegiate university, collegiate research university in Oxford, England. There is evidence of teaching as early as 1096, making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the List of oldest un ...

from 1887 to 1925.

Early life

Gardner was born in Hackney,

Middlesex Middlesex (; abbreviation: Middx) is a Historic counties of England, former county in South East England, now mainly within Greater London. Its boundaries largely followed three rivers: the River Thames, Thames in the south, the River Lea, Le ...

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

on 24 November 1846 to Thomas Gardner and Ann Pearse. He was educated at the

City of London School The City of London School, also known as CLS and City, is a Private schools in the United Kingdom, private day school for Single-sex education, boys in the City of London, England, on the banks of the River Thames next to the Millennium Bridge, ...

to the age of fifteen when he joined his father's

stockbroker A stockbroker is an individual or company that buys and sells stocks and other investments for a financial market participant in return for a commission, markup, or fee. In most countries they are regulated as a broker or broker-dealer and ...

business. Having been unsuccessful in the field, in 1865 he

matriculated Matriculation is the formal process of entering a university, or of becoming eligible to enter by fulfilling certain academic requirements such as a matriculation examination. Australia In Australia, the term ''matriculation'' is seldom used now ...

into

Christ's College, Cambridge Christ's College is a Colleges of the University of Cambridge, constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. The college includes the Master, the Fellows of the College, and about 450 undergraduate and 250 graduate students. The c ...

. He graduated with a first-class

Bachelor of Arts A Bachelor of Arts (abbreviated B.A., BA, A.B. or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is the holder of a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the liberal arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts deg ...

(BA) in the

classics Classics, also classical studies or Ancient Greek and Roman studies, is the study of classical antiquity. In the Western world, ''classics'' traditionally refers to the study of Ancient Greek literature, Ancient Greek and Roman literature and ...

and moral sciences tripos in 1869. In 1870, he received the one year, University of Cambridge Whewell Scholarship in international law.

Academic career

From 1871 to 1887, Gardner was an assistant in the Department of Coins and Medals at the

British Museum The British Museum is a Museum, public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London. Its permanent collection of eight million works is the largest in the world. It documents the story of human cu ...

. While there, he helped to write the first collections catalogues for Greek coins at the museum. He was elected a

Fellow A fellow is a title and form of address for distinguished, learned, or skilled individuals in academia, medicine, research, and industry. The exact meaning of the term differs in each field. In learned society, learned or professional society, p ...

in 1872. He held the first editorship of

The Journal of Hellenic Studies ''The Journal of Hellenic Studies'' is an annual peer-reviewed academic journal covering research in Hellenic studies. It also publishes reviews of recent books of importance to Hellenic studies. It was established in 1880 and is published by Camb ...

from 1879 to 1895. He was Disney Professor of Archaeology at the

from 1879 to 1886. He then moved to the

and held the Lincoln and Merton Professorship of Classical Archaeology from 1887 to 1925. During his time at the university, he had a stimulating influence on the study of ancient, and particularly Greek, art. He was succeeded by

John Beazley Sir John Davidson Beazley (; 13 September 1885 – 6 May 1970) was a British classical archaeologist and art historian, known for his classification of Attic vases by artistic style. He was professor of classical archaeology and art at the U ...

. In his later years, he also became prominent as an historical critic on Biblical subjects. Gardner died on 17 July 1937 in

Oxford Oxford () is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city and non-metropolitan district in Oxfordshire, England, of which it is the county town. The city is home to the University of Oxford, the List of oldest universities in continuou ...

, England.

Awards

Gardner was elected a

Fellow of the British Academy Fellowship of the British Academy (post-nominal letters FBA) is an award granted by the British Academy to leading academics for their distinction in the humanities and social sciences. The categories are: # Fellows – scholars resident in t ...

(FBA) in 1903. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the

Archaeological Institute of America The Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) is North America, North America's oldest learned society and largest organization devoted to the world of archaeology. AIA professionals have carried out archaeological fieldwork around the world and ...

Personal life

Gardner was married to Agnes Reid until their marriage broke down in 1874. His sister Alice Gardner was a historian and her brother, Ernest Arthur Gardner, was also an archaeologist.

Selected works

Stephani on the Tombs at Mycenae
''The Journal of Hellenic Studies'', 1, 94–106 (1880)
Statuette of Pallas from Cyprus
''The Journal of Hellenic Studies'', 2, 326-331 (1881)
''Types of Greek Coins''
(1883) *''The Coins of the Greek and Scythic Kings of Bactria and India in the British Museum'' (1886) *
A Numismatic Commentary on Pausanias
' (with Friedrich Imhoof-Blumer, 1887) *
New Chapters in Greek History: Historical Results of Recent Excavations in Greece and Asia Minor
' (1892) *
Manual of Greek Antiquities
' (1895) *
Sculptured Tombs of Hellas
' (1896) *
Exploratio Evangelica: A Brief Examination of the Basis and Origin of Christian Belief
' (1899) *''A Historic View of the New Testament'' (1901)

(1903) *'' ttps://archive.org/details/grammarofgreekar00garduoft A Grammar of Greek Art' (1905) *
Growth of Christianity: London Lectures
' (1907) *
The Religious Experience of Saint Paul
' (1911) *
The Ephesian Gospel
' (1915) *
Evolution in Christian Ethics
' (1918) *

References

External links

*
"Homer and Recent Archæology"
Percy Gardner in ''Macmillan's Magazine'', Vol. LIV, May to Oct. 1886, pages 368-379
Digital Library Numis (DLN)
Gardner online books and articles {{DEFAULTSORT:Gardner, Percy 1846 births 1937 deaths English stockbrokers English archaeologists People educated at the City of London School Employees of the British Museum Fellows of the British Academy Fellows of Christ's College, Cambridge English classical scholars Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London Disney Professors of Archaeology Alumni of Christ's College, Cambridge English Anglicans English numismatists