Percoidei is a

suborder Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized ...

of bony fishes in the order

Perciformes Perciformes (), also called the Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish in the clade Percomorpha. ''Perciformes'' means " perch-like". Among the well-known members of this group are perches and darters ( Percidae), and als ...

. Many commercially harvested fish species are considered to be contained in this suborder, including the

grouper Groupers are a diverse group of marine ray-finned fish in the family Epinephelidae, in the order Perciformes. Groupers were long considered a subfamily of the seabasses in Serranidae, but are now treated as distinct. Not all members of this f ...

s, seabasses and perches.

Divisions

The following classification is based on ''

Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes Catalog of Fishes is a comprehensive on-line database and reference work on the scientific names of fish species and genera. It is global in its scope and is hosted by the California Academy of Sciences. It has been compiled and is continuously up ...

'': * Suborder Percoidei ** Family

Serranidae Serranidae is a large family (biology), family of fishes belonging to the order Perciformes. The family contains about 450 species in 65 genera, including the sea basses and the groupers (subfamily Epinephelinae). Although many species are small, ...

Swainson, 1839 (sea basses) ** Family

Anthiadidae Anthias are members of the family Anthiadidae in the order Perciformes. The group has also been called Anthiidae or Anthiinae, but these names are preoccupied by a subfamily of ground beetles in the family Carabidae erected by Bonelli in 1813 ...

Poey, 1861 (fairy basslets or streamer basses) ** Family Epinephelidae Bleeker, 1874 (groupers) ** Family Liopropomatidae Poey, 1867 (painted basslets) ** Family Grammistidae Bleeker, 1857 (soapfishes) ** Family

Percidae The Percidae are a family of ray-finned fish, part of the order Perciformes, which are found in fresh and brackish waters of the Northern Hemisphere. The majority are Nearctic, but there are also Palearctic species. The family contains nearly 250 ...

Rafinesque Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz (; 22 October 178318 September 1840) was a French early 19th-century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self-educated in France. He traveled as a young man in the United States, ult ...

, 1815 (

perch Perch is a common name for freshwater fish from the genus ''Perca'', which belongs to the family Percidae of the large order Perciformes. The name comes from , meaning the type species of this genus, the European perch (''P. fluviatilis'') ...

es and darters) ** Family Niphonidae

Jordan Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia. Jordan is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the east, Saudi Arabia to the south, and Israel and the occupied Palestinian ter ...

, 1923 (Ara groupers) ** Family Trachinidae Rafinesque, 1815 (weeverfishes) ** Family Bembropidae Regan, 1913 (flatheads or duckbill flatheads)

Former classification

Until recently, the Percoidei had a much more expanded treatment containing many different morphologically similar families. However, such a treatment is now known to be

polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...

. * Suborder Percoidei ** Percoidea ***

Centropomidae ''Centropomus'' is a genus of predominantly marine fish comprising the family Centropomidae. The type species is '' Centropomus undecimalis'', the common snook. Commonly known as snooks or ''róbalos'', the ''Centropomus'' species are native to ...

(Snooks) *** Latidae (Lates) *** Gerreidae (Mojarras) ***

Centrogenyidae The false scorpionfish (''Centrogenys vaigiensis''), also known as prettyfins, is a species of ray-finned fish, one of three species in the genus ''Centrogenys'', which is the only genus in the Family (biology), family Centrogenyidae. They are pa ...

(False scorpionfishes) *** Perciliidae (Southern basses) *** Howellidae (Oceanic basslets) ***

Acropomatidae Acropomatidae is a family (biology), family of ray-finned fish in the order (biology), order Acropomatiformes, commonly known as lanternbellies. ''Acropoma'' species are notable for having bioluminescence, light-emitting organs along their unders ...

(Lanternbellies) *** Epigonidae (Deepwater cardinalfishes) *** Polyprionidae (Wreckfishes) *** Lateolabracidae (Asian seaperches) *** Mullidae (Goatfishes) *** Glaucosomatidae (Pearl perches) *** Pempheridae (Sweepers) ***

Oplegnathidae ''Oplegnathus'' is currently the sole recognized genus in the knifejaw family (Oplegnathidae) of marine centrarchiform ray-finned fishes. The largest, the Cape knifejaw, can reach a maximum length around 90 cm (35 in). Knifejaws have ...

(Knifejaws) ***

Kuhliidae The flagtails (' or ' in the Hawaiian language) are a family (biology), family (Kuhliidae) of centrarchiform ray-finned fish of the Indo-Pacific area. The family consists of about 12 species in one genus, ''Kuhlia''. Most are euryhaline and often ...

(Flagtails) ***

Leptobramidae ''Leptobrama'' is a genus of ray-finned fish in the order Carangiformes found in the Pacific Ocean. This genus is the only member of the family (biology), family Leptobramidae. Species There are currently 2 recognized species in this genus: * '' ...

(Beachsalmon) *** Bathyclupeidae (Bathyclupeids) *** Polynemidae (Threadfins) *** Toxotidae (Archerfishes) *** Arripidae (Australasian salmon (kahawai)) ***

Dichistiidae ''Dichistius'' is a genus of centrarchiform ray-finned fishes, the galjoen fishes, native to the Atlantic coast of southern Africa (''D. capensis'') and the Indian Ocean coast of southern Africa (''D. multifasciatus''). Growing to lengths of (' ...

(Galjoen fishes) *** Kyphosidae (Sea chubs) ***

Terapontidae Grunters or tigerperches are ray-finned fishes in the family Terapontidae (also spelled Teraponidae, Theraponidae or Therapontidae). This family is part of the superfamily Percoidea of the order Perciformes. Characteristics The Terapontidae ...

(grunters or tigerperches) *** Percichthyidae (temperate perches) *** Sinipercidae (Chinese perches) *** Enoplosidae (Oldwives) *** Pentacerotidae (Armourheads) *** Dinopercidae (Cavebasses) *** Banjosiidae (Banjofishes) ***

Centrarchidae Centrarchidae, better known as sunfishes or centrarchids, is a family of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the order Centrarchiformes, native only to North America. There are eight universally included genera within the centrarchid famil ...

(Sunfishes) ***

(Sea basses) ***

(Perches) *** Lactariidae (False trevallies) *** Dinolestidae (Long-finned pikes) *** Scombropidae (Gnomefishes) *** Pomatomidae (Bluefishes) ***

Bramidae Pomfrets are scombriform fish belonging to the family Bramidae. The family currently includes 20 species across seven genera. Several species are important food sources for humans, especially ''Brama brama'' in South Asia. The earlier form of t ...

(Pomfrets) ***

Caristiidae Caristiidae, the manefishes, are a family of scombriform ray-finned fishes which today includes 19 extant taxon, extant species distributed in four genera. Taxonomy The following genera are known: * ''Caristius'' Theodore Nicholas Gill, Gill ...

(Manefishes) **Possibly related to

Acanthuriformes Acanthuriformes is a large, diverse order of mostly marine ray-finned fishes, part of the Percomorpha clade. In the past, members of this clade were placed in the suborders Acanthuroidea and Percoidea of the order Perciformes, but this treatment ...

*** Monodactylidae (Moonfishes) ***

Priacanthidae The Priacanthidae, the bigeyes, are a Family (biology), family of 18 species of marine ray-finned fishes. "Catalufa (disambiguation), Catalufa" is an alternate common name for some members of the Priacanthidae. The etymology of the scientific ...

(Bigeyes (catalufas)) **Seven families which may have a relationship to Acanthuroidei, Monodactylidae, and Priacanthidae *** Leiognathidae (Ponyfishes, slimys, or slipmouths) *** Chaetodontidae (Butterflyfishes) ***

Pomacanthidae Marine angelfish are perciform fish of the family Pomacanthidae. They are found on shallow reefs in the tropical Atlantic, Indian, and mostly western Pacific Oceans. The family contains seven genera and about 86 species. They should not be co ...

(Angelfishes) ***

Malacanthidae 250px, Blue blanquillo, ''Malacanthus latovittatus'' Tilefishes are mostly small perciform marine fish comprising the family Malacanthidae. They are usually found in sandy areas, especially near coral reefs. They have a long life span, up to ...

(Tilefishes) ***

Haemulidae Haemulidae is a family (biology), family of fishes in the order (biology), order Perciformes known commonly as grunts. It is made up of the two subfamily, subfamilies Haemulinae (grunts) and Plectorhynchinae (sweetlips), which contain about 133 ...

(Grunts) *** Hapalogenyidae (Barbeled grunters) ***

Lutjanidae Lutjanidae or snappers are a family of perciform fishes, mainly marine but with some members inhabiting estuaries and, in some cases, fresh water (e.g., '' Lutjanus goldiei''). The family includes about 113 species. Most species are used for foo ...

(Snappers) *** Caesionidae (Fusiliers) ** Superfamily Cirrhitoidea *** Cirrhitidae (Hawkfishes) *** Chironemidae (Kelpfishes) ***

Aplodactylidae ''Aplodactylus'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes, commonly known as marblefishes or sea carps. It is the only genus in the monotypy, monogeneric Family (biology), family, Aplodactylidae. The fishes in this genus are found in the south east ...

(Marblefishes) ***

Cheilodactylidae Cheilodactylidae, commonly called morwongs but also known as butterfish, fingerfins, jackassfish, sea carp, snappers, and moki, is a family of marine ray-finned fish. They are found in subtropical oceans in the Southern Hemisphere. The common na ...

(Morwongs) ***

Latridae Latridae commonly called trumpeters, is a family of marine ray-finned fish. They are found in temperate seas in the Southern Hemisphere. The classification of the species within the Latridae and the related Cheilodactylidae is unclear.They are ...

(Trumpeters) **Superfamily Cepoloidea *** Cepolidae (Bandfishes) **Superfamily

Siganoidea Siganoidea is a superfamily belonging to the suborder Percoidei which in turn is the largest suborder of the order Perciformes. It contains two families of largely Indo-Pacific distribution. Taxonomy Siganoidea is recognised by the 5th edition ...

*** Scatophagidae (Scats) ***

Siganidae Siganidae, the rabbitfishes, are a small family of ray-finned fishes in the order Perciformes. The only extant genus is '' Siganus'', the rabbitfish and spinefoot. However, a number of genera are known from fossils. The extant species are marine ...

(Rabbitfishes) ** ''incertae sedis'' *** † '' Labrax'' ''Labrax''
at

Fossilworks Fossilworks was a portal which provides query, download, and analysis tools to facilitate access to the Paleobiology Database, a large relational database assembled by hundreds of paleontologists from around the world. History Fossilworks was cr ...

.org **** † ''L. lepidotus'' **** † ''L. major'' **** † ''L. schizurus'' **** † ''L. vogdtii''

References

{{Authority control Perciformes Ray-finned fish suborders