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epidemiology Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population. It is a cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evide ...
, attributable fraction among the exposed (AFe) is the proportion of incidents in the exposed group that are attributable to the risk factor. The term attributable risk percent among the exposed is used if the fraction is expressed as a percentage. It is calculated as AF_e = (I_e - I_u)/I_e = (RR - 1) / RR, where I_e is the incidence in the exposed group, I_u is the incidence in the unexposed group, and RR is the
relative risk The relative risk (RR) or risk ratio is the ratio of the probability of an outcome in an exposed group to the probability of an outcome in an unexposed group. Together with risk difference and odds ratio, relative risk measures the association b ...
. It is used when an exposure increases the risk, as opposed to reducing it, in which case its symmetrical notion is
preventable fraction among the unexposed In epidemiology, preventable fraction among the unexposed (PFu), is the proportion of incidents in the unexposed group that could be prevented by exposure. It is calculated as PF_u = (I_u - I_e)/I_u = 1 - RR, where I_e is the incidence in the expose ...
.


Synonyms

Multiple synonyms of AFe are in use: attributable fraction, relative attributable risk, attributable proportion among the exposed, and attributable risk among the exposed. Similarly, attributable risk percent (ARP) is used as a synonym for the attributable risk percent among the exposed. In
climatology Climatology (from Ancient Greek, Greek , ''klima'', "place, zone"; and , ''wiktionary:-logia, -logia'') or climate science is the scientific study of Earth's climate, typically defined as weather conditions averaged over a period of at least 30 ...
, fraction of attributable risk (FAR) is used to denote a proportion of adverse event risk attributable to the human influence on climate or other forcing factor.


Numerical example


See also

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Population Impact Measures Population impact measures (PIMs) are biostatistical measures of risk and benefit used in epidemiological and public health research. They are used to describe the impact of health risks and benefits in a population, to inform health policy. Freq ...
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Attributable fraction for the population In epidemiology, attributable fraction for the population (AFp) is the proportion of incidents in the population that are attributable to the risk factor. The term attributable risk percent for the population is used if the fraction is expressed as ...


References

{{Medical research studies Epidemiology