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Peppersoup (or pepper soup) is a
soup Soup is a primarily liquid food, generally served warm or hot – though it is sometimes served chilled – made by cooking or otherwise combining meat or vegetables with Stock (food), stock, milk, or water. According to ''The Oxford Compan ...
from
Nigeria Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean to the south. It covers an area of . With Demographics of Nigeria, ...
, made using various meats or fishes,
chili peppers Chili peppers, also spelled chile or chilli ( ), are varieties of berry-fruit plants from the genus ''Capsicum'', which are members of the nightshade family Solanaceae, cultivated for their pungency. They are used as a spice to add pungency ( ...
, salt, scent leaves and calabash nutmeg as its primary ingredients. It is a
spicy Pungency ( ) is the taste of food commonly referred to as spiciness, hotness or heat, found in foods such as chili peppers. Highly pungent tastes may be experienced as unpleasant. The term piquancy ( ) is sometimes applied to foods with a lower ...
soup that has a light, watery texture. Despite its name, the soup is not necessarily defined by a pepper-forward flavor profile; the flavors are more complex, with nutty, bitter, woodsy, and floral notes, as well as warmth. It is considered a
delicacy A delicacy is a rare food item that is considered highly desirable, sophisticated, or peculiarly distinctive within a given culture or region. A delicacy may have an unusual flavor or be expensive compared to everyday foods. Delicacies va ...
by some people in Western Africa, and some West Africans believe that the soup has some basic medicinal qualities.


Overview

Pepper soup is a common soup in Nigeria that is prepared using various meats, fishes,
chili pepper Chili peppers, also spelled chile or chilli ( ), are varieties of fruit#Berries, berry-fruit plants from the genus ''Capsicum'', which are members of the nightshade family Solanaceae, cultivated for their pungency. They are used as a spice to ...
s and calabash nutmeg as its primary ingredients. Pepper soup is very spicy and is often paired with a cold
beer Beer is an alcoholic beverage produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches from cereal grain—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize (corn), rice, and oats are also used. The grain is mashed to convert starch in the ...
or
soft drink A soft drink (see #Terminology, § Terminology for other names) is a class of non-alcoholic drink, usually (but not necessarily) Carbonated water, carbonated, and typically including added Sweetness, sweetener. Flavors used to be Natural flav ...
. While it is served as an
appetizer An hors d'oeuvre ( ; ), appetiser, appetizer or starter is a small dish served before a meal in European cuisine. Some hors d'oeuvres are served cold, others hot. Hors d'oeuvres may be served at the dinner table as a part of the meal, or th ...
at official gatherings, pepper soup is more popular at
pubs A pub (short for public house) is in several countries a drinking establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption Licensing laws of the United Kingdom#On-licence, on the premises. The term first appeared in England in the ...
. In Nigeria, it is served at "leisure spots" as a recreational or "feel good" dish. Pepper soup
cubes A cube or regular hexahedron is a three-dimensional space, three-dimensional solid object in geometry, which is bounded by six congruent square (geometry), square faces, a type of polyhedron. It has twelve congruent edges and eight vertices. It i ...
, a pre-mixed blend of spices used in pepper soup, are manufactured by one Nigerian company.


Description

Pepper soup is typically a watery soup. It can be prepared with combinations of various meats, such as
fish A fish (: fish or fishes) is an aquatic animal, aquatic, Anamniotes, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fish fin, fins and craniate, a hard skull, but lacking limb (anatomy), limbs with digit (anatomy), digits. Fish can ...
,
shrimp A shrimp (: shrimp (American English, US) or shrimps (British English, UK)) is a crustacean with an elongated body and a primarily Aquatic locomotion, swimming mode of locomotion – typically Decapods belonging to the Caridea or Dendrobranchi ...
,
tripe Tripe is a type of edible lining from the stomachs of various farm animals. Most tripe is from cattle and sheep. Types Beef Beef tripe is made from the muscle wall (the interior mucosal lining is removed) of a cow's stomach chambers: th ...
, oxtail,
chicken The chicken (''Gallus gallus domesticus'') is a domesticated subspecies of the red junglefowl (''Gallus gallus''), originally native to Southeast Asia. It was first domesticated around 8,000 years ago and is now one of the most common and w ...
,
game A game is a structured type of play usually undertaken for entertainment or fun, and sometimes used as an educational tool. Many games are also considered to be work (such as professional players of spectator sports or video games) or art ...
, goat, beef or cow hide. Additional ingredients can include
tomatoes The tomato (, ), ''Solanum lycopersicum'', is a plant whose fruit is an edible berry that is eaten as a vegetable. The tomato is a member of the nightshade family that includes tobacco, potato, and chili peppers. It originated from and was d ...
,
onion An onion (''Allium cepa'' , from Latin ), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus '' Allium''. The shallot is a botanical variety of the onion which was classifie ...
, green onions,
garlic Garlic (''Allium sativum'') is a species of bulbous flowering plants in the genus '' Allium''. Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chives, Welsh onion, and Chinese onion. Garlic is native to central and south Asia, str ...
, sweet peppers,
ginger Ginger (''Zingiber officinale'') is a flowering plant whose rhizome, ginger root or ginger, is widely used as a spice and a folk medicine. It is an herbaceous perennial that grows annual pseudostems (false stems made of the rolled bases of l ...
,
cloves Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, ''Syzygium aromaticum'' (). They are native to the Maluku Islands, or Moluccas, in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring, or fragrance in consumer products, ...
,
cinnamon Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus ''Cinnamomum''. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, biscuits, b ...
and lime juice.
Fufu Fufu (or fufuo, foofoo, foufou ) is a pounded meal found in West African cuisine. It is a Twi word that originates from the Akans in Ghana. The word has been expanded to include several variations of the pounded meal found in other African c ...
, a food prepared from boiled and then pounded
cassava ''Manihot esculenta'', common name, commonly called cassava, manioc, or yuca (among numerous regional names), is a woody shrub of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, native to South America, from Brazil, Paraguay and parts of the Andes. Although ...
or other
tubers Tubers are a type of enlarged structure that plants use as storage organs for nutrients, derived from stems or roots. Tubers help plants perennate (survive winter or dry months), provide energy and nutrients, and are a means of asexual reprod ...
, is sometimes used as an ingredient, which thickens the soup and serves to impart a creamy texture. It is sometimes served with side dishes such as rice or boiled tubers, or served atop these ingredients. On the western coast of Africa, it is typically cooked outdoors in a
cauldron A cauldron (or caldron) is a large cookware and bakeware, pot (kettle) for cooking or boiling over an open fire, with a lid and frequently with an arc-shaped hanger and/or integral handles or feet. There is a rich history of cauldron lore in r ...
. Pepper soup is considered to be a
delicacy A delicacy is a rare food item that is considered highly desirable, sophisticated, or peculiarly distinctive within a given culture or region. A delicacy may have an unusual flavor or be expensive compared to everyday foods. Delicacies va ...
among riverine people in Nigeria. It is a popular soup in Nigeria (Southern region) and in other English-speaking countries in Western Africa. Some West Africans believe that chicken pepper soup has medicinal qualities, and it is served to ill people. Pepper soup is also sometimes consumed by new mothers, because it is believed by some to assist in general healing of the body and in the
secretion Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland. In contrast, excretion is the removal of certain substances or waste products from a cell or organism. The classical mec ...
of
breast milk Breast milk (sometimes spelled as breastmilk) or mother's milk is milk produced by the mammary glands in the breasts of women. Breast milk is the primary source of nutrition for newborn infants, comprising fats, proteins, carbohydrates, and a var ...
. It is also often consumed after
wedding A wedding is a ceremony in which two people are united in marriage. Wedding traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnicity, ethnicities, Race (human categorization), races, religions, Religious denomination, denominations, Cou ...
celebrations, as a means to restore health.


See also

* Goat meat pepper soup *
List of soups This is a list of notable soups. Soups have been made since ancient times. Some soups are served with large chunks of meat or vegetables left in the liquid, while others are served as a broth. A broth is a flavored liquid usually derived from ...


References

{{Reflist, 30em, refs= {{cite book , last=McWilliams , first=J.E. , title=A Revolution in Eating: How the Quest for Food Shaped America , publisher=Columbia University Press , series=Arts and Traditions of the Table: Perspectives on Culinary History Series , year=2005 , isbn=978-0-231-12992-3 , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mcDVbt86uSYC&pg=PA33 , page=33 {{cite book , title=Eko Magazine , publisher=Newswatch Communications Limited , issue=v. 2, nos. 3–16 , year=1992 , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dlXhAAAAMAAJ&q=Pepper+Soup,+delicacy , page=3 {{cite book , last=Kallon , first=Z.K. , title=Zainabu's African Cookbook: With Food and Stories , publisher=Citadel Press , year=2004 , isbn=978-0-8065-2549-5 , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aOa64BA21m8C&pg=PA54 , page=54 {{cite book , last=Harris , first=J.B. , title=The Africa Cookbook: Tastes of a Continent , publisher=Simon & Schuster , year=1998 , isbn=978-0-684-80275-6 , url=https://archive.org/details/africacookbookta0000harr , url-access=registration , pag
124
}
{{cite book , last=Long , first=L.M. , title=Ethnic American Cooking: Recipes for Living in a New World , publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers , year=2016 , isbn=978-1-4422-6734-3 , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HTWNDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA168 , page=168 {{cite web , last=Olarewaju , first=Olamide , title=DIY Recipes: Easy way to make Nigerian peppersoup , website=Pulse Nigeria , date=October 12, 2015 , url=http://pulse.ng/food_drinks_travel/diy-recipes-easy-way-to-make-nigerian-peppersoup-id4253255.html , accessdate=September 11, 2016 {{cite web , title=Pepper Soup , website=The Congo Cookbook , date=April 11, 2013 , url=http://www.congocookbook.com/soup_and_stew_recipes/pepper_soup.html , accessdate=September 11, 2016 {{cite book , last=Massaquoi , first=R.C.J. , title=Foods of Sierra Leone and Other West African Countries: A Cookbook , publisher=AuthorHouse , year=2011 , isbn=978-1-4490-8154-6 , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bKwN7Absx6AC&pg=PA22 , page=22 {{cite book , last=Megill , first=E.L. , title=Sierra Leone Remembered , publisher=AuthorHouse , year=2004 , isbn=978-1-4184-5549-1 , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tw-RlOWNUjwC&pg=PA36 , page=36 {{cite book , last=Asika-Enahoro , first=C. , title=A Slice of Africa: Exotic West African Cuisines , publisher=iUniverse , year=2004 , isbn=978-0-595-30528-5 , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ddL44UDqyu8C&pg=PA17 , page=17 {{cite book , last1=Montgomery , first1=B.V. , last2=Nabwire , first2=C. , title=Cooking the West African Way: Revised and Expanded to Include New Low-fat and Vegetarian Recipes , publisher=Ebsco Publishing , series=Easy Menu Ethnic Cookbooks 2nd Edition , year=2001 , isbn=978-0-8225-0570-9 , url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PAL3hEQJVkkC&pg=PA51 , page=51 {{cite book , last=Webb , first=L.S. , title=Multicultural Cookbook of Life-Cycle Celebrations , publisher=Oryx Press , series=Cookbooks for Students Series , year=2000 , isbn=978-1-57356-290-4 , url=https://archive.org/details/multiculturalcoo00lois , url-access=registration , pag
69
}


External links





Nigerian soups Ghanaian cuisine Sierra Leonean cuisine Liberian cuisine Gambian cuisine African soups Chili peppers National dishes