Penre was an

ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt () was a cradle of civilization concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in Northeast Africa. It emerged from prehistoric Egypt around 3150BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology), when Upper and Lower E ...

ian official of the

New Kingdom New or NEW may refer to: Music * New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz * ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013 ** "New" (Paul McCartney song), 2013 * ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator, 1995 * "New" (Daya song), 2017 * "New" (No Doubt song), 1 ...

, in office under the ruling queen

Hatshepsut Hatshepsut ( ; BC) was the sixth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, Egypt, ruling first as regent, then as queen regnant from until (Low Chronology) and the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Thutmose II. She was Egypt's second c ...

(about 1508–1458 BC). Penre was

viceroy of Kush The Kingdom of Kerma in Nubia was a province of ancient Egypt from the 16th century BCE to 11th century BCE. During this period, the region was ruled by a viceroy who reported directly to the Egyptian Pharaoh. Initially the position was titled " ...

. The writing of his name varies on the monuments between Penre (Panre), Pare and Payre. Because of his high titles, he was one of the most important officials at the royal court, ruling the

Nubia Nubia (, Nobiin language, Nobiin: , ) is a region along the Nile river encompassing the area between the confluence of the Blue Nile, Blue and White Nile, White Niles (in Khartoum in central Sudan), and the Cataracts of the Nile, first cataract ...

n provinces. Kush is the Ancient Egyptian name for Nubia. Penre was little known till his tomb at Thebes was recently excavated by a Hungarian mission. On the canopic jars found in the tomb bears the titles ''first king's son'' (= viceroy) and ''overseer of the southern foreign countries''. Otherwise he is also known from several statue fragments. His father was called Sekheru, who also bore the title ''king's son''. Penre was in office between the reigning year 2 of Hatshepsut, when a certain Seni was still in office, and year 18, when Inebny/Amenemnekhu is attested in that office. None of his monuments are dated, but one of his statues found in Nubia, must have been installed before the sole reign of Thutsmosis III.JJ Shirley: ''The Power of the Elite: The Officials of Hatshepsut's Regency and Coregency'', in: J. Galán, B. M. Bryan, P. F. Dorman (eds.): ''Creativity and Innovation in the Reign of Hatshepsut'', Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 69, Chicago 2014, {{ISBN, 978-1-61491-024-4, 188 His burial took the form of a shaft tomb, and little remains from the mud brick tomb chapel. The shaft was over 11 meters deep. Within the burial chamber at the bottom of the shaft, the human remains of three adults and two children were discovered. Various objects from the burial equipment have survived, bearing the names Sennefer, Siamun, and Penre.The fragments of the four canopic jars were still bearing Penre's name and titles.Tamás A Bács: ''A name with three (?) orthographies: The case of the ‘king’s son, overseer of southern foreign lands, Penre’'', in ''Sudan and Nubia'' 13 (2009), 30-37 Items in the tomb include specifically prepared funerary items, objects of daily life, professional equipment and containers of provisions.

References

Viceroys of Kush Officials of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt Ancient Egyptian overseers of foreign lands