The Chandragiri River, also known as the Payaswini River in Karnataka and as the Perumpuzha River in Kerala,
is the longest river in
Kasaragod district
Kasaragod ( (, , ; English: ''Kassergode'') is one of the 14 districts in the southern Indian state of Kerala. Its northern border Thalappady is located just 9 km south to Ullal, which is the southernmost portion of the major port city ...
,
Kerala
Kerala ( , ) is a States and union territories of India, state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile ...
,
India
India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...
.
The river is a historical treasure of
Chemnad. It was named after the Mauryan emperor
.
The river originates in the
Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary
Talakaveri Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary in Karnataka state of South India. It is located in Kodagu district and is spread over 105 km². It borders with Ranipuram hills and Kottencheri hills in Kasaragod district of Kerala. ...
in the
Western Ghats of
Kodagu
Kodagu district () (also known by its former name Coorg) is an administrative List of districts of Karnataka, district in the Karnataka state of India. Before 1956, it was an administratively separate Coorg State at which point it was merged ...
district,
Karnataka
Karnataka ( ) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed as Mysore State on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, States Re ...
. It flows through towns including
Sullia
Sullia (also known as Sulya) is a town in the Dakshina Kannada district of the state of Karnataka, India. It is the headquarters of the Sullia taluk. Sullia is located 300 kilometres west of the state capital Bengaluru.
History
A historical ...
,
Jalsoor
Jalsoor is a village in Dakshina Kannada district in the south Indian state of Karnataka.Village code= 2722900 Jalsoor, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka This village is major junction connecting three district headquarters; Madikeri, Mangaluru and ...
, Parappa,
Adoor
Adoor is a Municipalities of Kerala, municipality in the Pathanamthitta district of Kerala, India. It is the headquarters of the List of taluks of Kerala, Adoor Taluk and Adoor Revenue Division. Adoor is located southwest of the district he ...
,
Chengala,
Kasaragod
Kasaragod () is a municipal town and the administrative headquarters of the Kasaragod district in the state of Kerala, India. Established in 1966, Kasaragod was the first municipal town in the district. It is the northernmost district of Kera ...
and
Chemnad and then later flows into the
Arabian Sea
The Arabian Sea () is a region of sea in the northern Indian Ocean, bounded on the west by the Arabian Peninsula, Gulf of Aden and Guardafui Channel, on the northwest by Gulf of Oman and Iran, on the north by Pakistan, on the east by India, and ...
.
In
Sullia
Sullia (also known as Sulya) is a town in the Dakshina Kannada district of the state of Karnataka, India. It is the headquarters of the Sullia taluk. Sullia is located 300 kilometres west of the state capital Bengaluru.
History
A historical ...
taluk, it is the major water source for domestic and agricultural purposes.
Chemnad is considered as the ''Land Of Chandragiri''.
History
The Chandragiri or Perumpuzha River is considered the traditional boundary between the
Tulu Nadu
Tulu Nadu, or Tulunad, is a region and Proposed states and union territories of India, proposed state on the southwestern coast of India. The Tulu people, known as 'Tuluva' (pl. 'Tuluver') are speakers of Tulu language, Tulu, a Dravidian langu ...
and
Malayalam
Malayalam (; , ) is a Dravidian languages, Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (union territory), Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people. It is one of ...
regions of
Kerala
Kerala ( , ) is a States and union territories of India, state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile ...
.
In 16th-century Portuguese geographies, the Chandragiri River is called the "Rio Cangerecora", and identified as the boundary between the "province of Canará" (
Kannada
Kannada () is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly in the state of Karnataka in southwestern India, and spoken by a minority of the population in all neighbouring states. It has 44 million native speakers, and is additionally a ...
-speaking coastal south
Karnataka
Karnataka ( ) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed as Mysore State on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, States Re ...
, vassal of "Bisnaga",
Vijayanagara Empire
The Vijayanagara Empire, also known as the Karnata Kingdom, was a late medieval Hinduism, Hindu empire that ruled much of southern India. It was established in 1336 by the brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty, belongi ...
) and the independent kingdoms of "Malabar" (
Kerala
Kerala ( , ) is a States and union territories of India, state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile ...
).
The 17th-century
Chandragiri Fort is located on the river.
Course
The Chandragiri River originates from the northern slopes of the
Greater Talacauvery National Park in the
Western Ghats at the
Kodagu district
Kodagu district () (also known by its former name Coorg) is an administrative List of districts of Karnataka, district in the Karnataka state of India. Before 1956, it was an administratively separate Coorg State at which point it was merged ...
,
Karnataka
Karnataka ( ) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed as Mysore State on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, States Re ...
. Initially the river flows through the
Malenadu
Malnad (or Malenadu) is a region in the state of Karnataka, India. Malenadu covers the western and eastern slopes of the Western Ghats mountain range and is roughly 100 kilometers in width. It includes the districts of Uttara Kannada,Shivamog ...
region of
Karnataka
Karnataka ( ) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed as Mysore State on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, States Re ...
passing the
Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary and flowing through several hilly towns in
Kodagu
Kodagu district () (also known by its former name Coorg) is an administrative List of districts of Karnataka, district in the Karnataka state of India. Before 1956, it was an administratively separate Coorg State at which point it was merged ...
and
Dakshina Kannada
Dakshina Kannada district is located in the states and territories of India, state of Karnataka in India, with its headquarters in the coastal city of Mangaluru. The district covers an area nestled in between the Western Ghats to its east and the ...
like
Adyadka, Biliyar, Parivarkana, Paladka,
Sullia
Sullia (also known as Sulya) is a town in the Dakshina Kannada district of the state of Karnataka, India. It is the headquarters of the Sullia taluk. Sullia is located 300 kilometres west of the state capital Bengaluru.
History
A historical ...
, Pilikodi and
Kanyana
Kanyana is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India.Village code= 2706600 Kanyana, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka It is located in the Bantwal Taluk of Dakshina Kannada district in Karnataka. The majority of the population are Hindus, Ca ...
. Chandragiri then enters
Kerala
Kerala ( , ) is a States and union territories of India, state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile ...
and flows through several hilly towns in the eastern part of the
Kasaragod district
Kasaragod ( (, , ; English: ''Kassergode'') is one of the 14 districts in the southern Indian state of Kerala. Its northern border Thalappady is located just 9 km south to Ullal, which is the southernmost portion of the major port city ...
– Panjikkal, Kottyadi,
Adhur, Poovadka, Kottamkuzhy, Bethurpuzha, Kundamkuzhy,
Kolathur,
Muliyar and Bovikanam. At Bovikanam its major tributary,
Kudumbur River
The Kudumbur River is a river that flows mainly through the Kasaragod district of the Indian state of Kerala, although its source and some early sections are in the Kodagu and Dakshina Kannada districts of Karnataka. It is the largest tributary of ...
merges with Perumpuzha. Then the river enters into the
Malabar plains where it flows through
Thekkil,
Chengala,
Chattanchal,
Perumbala,
Chemnad and
Kasaragod
Kasaragod () is a municipal town and the administrative headquarters of the Kasaragod district in the state of Kerala, India. Established in 1966, Kasaragod was the first municipal town in the district. It is the northernmost district of Kera ...
. The Chandragiri River empties into the
Arabian Sea
The Arabian Sea () is a region of sea in the northern Indian Ocean, bounded on the west by the Arabian Peninsula, Gulf of Aden and Guardafui Channel, on the northwest by Gulf of Oman and Iran, on the north by Pakistan, on the east by India, and ...
at
Thalangara
Thalangara is a part of Kasaragod Town, the district headquarters of the Kasaragod district in the South Indian state of Kerala. Malik Denar Juma Masjid and Dargah is located here. Its economy is dependent on remittance from expatriate workers ...
in
Kasaragod town.
Tributaries
The River Chandragiri's largest tributary is the
Kudumbur River
The Kudumbur River is a river that flows mainly through the Kasaragod district of the Indian state of Kerala, although its source and some early sections are in the Kodagu and Dakshina Kannada districts of Karnataka. It is the largest tributary of ...
, which joins the Payaswini on its left bank east of
Chattanchal.
See also
*
Kanhangad
Kanhangad () is a commercial city, located in the Kasaragod District, state of Kerala, India.
Location
The area contains villages around Kanhangad town with Kasaragod as the northern border, Nileshwar, popularly known as the 'cultural town' ...
*
Kasaragod
Kasaragod () is a municipal town and the administrative headquarters of the Kasaragod district in the state of Kerala, India. Established in 1966, Kasaragod was the first municipal town in the district. It is the northernmost district of Kera ...
*
Mangalore
Mangaluru (), formerly called Mangalore ( ), is a major industrial port city in the Indian state of Karnataka and on the west coast of India. It is located between the Laccadive Sea and the Western Ghats about west of Bengaluru, the st ...
References
Rivers of Kasaragod district
Tourist attractions in Kasaragod district
{{Kerala-river-stub