Pavel Nikolayevich Zhuravlyov (; 22 July 1887,
Alexandrovsky Zavod – 23 February 1920, Alexandrovsky Zavod) was a leader of the partisan movement in
Transbaikalia
Transbaikal, Trans-Baikal, Transbaikalia ( rus, Забайка́лье, r=Zabaykal'ye, p=zəbɐjˈkalʲjɪ), or Dauria (, ''Dauriya'') is a mountainous region to the east of or "beyond" (trans-) Lake Baikal at the south side of the eastern Si ...
from 1919 to 1920 during the
Ataman Semyonov's regime.
Early years
Being born to poor
Cossacks
The Cossacks are a predominantly East Slavic languages, East Slavic Eastern Christian people originating in the Pontic–Caspian steppe of eastern Ukraine and southern Russia. Cossacks played an important role in defending the southern borde ...
, Pavel Zhuravlyov started working in gold fields when he was 12 years old. In 1915, he was drafted into the
Russian Imperial Army
The Imperial Russian Army () was the army of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was organized into a standing army and a state militia. The standing army consisted of Regular army, regular troops and ...
and fought on the
Romanian Front
The Romanian Front (, FR) was a moderate fascist party created in Romania in 1935. Led by former Prime Minister of Romania, Prime Minister Alexandru Vaida-Voevod, it originated as a right-wing splinter group from the mainstream National Peasants' ...
. After his two wounds, Zhuravlyov was transmitted to a reserve regiment from which he deserted in 1917.
The Russian Civil War
Zhuravlyov came back to Transbaikalia and joined the
Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical Faction (political), faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, ...
, and in April 1918 he was appointed the commander of the Red Army regiment which fought against the Special Machurian Detachment of Ataman Semyonov. After the defeat he fled to
Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast () is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located on the banks of the Amur and Zeya rivers in the Russian Far East. The oblast borders Heilongjiang province of the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the south.
The administrati ...
disguising himself as Kudrin. On April 21, 1919, Zhuravlyov was chosen to be the Commander-in-chief of the
Eastern Transbaikalian Front, and he participated in the
Bogdat battle. Zhuravlyov was deadly wounded near village Molodovsky on February 19, 1920. He was buried in a
mass grave
A mass grave is a grave containing multiple human corpses, which may or may Unidentified decedent, not be identified prior to burial. The United Nations has defined a criminal mass grave as a burial site containing three or more victims of exec ...
at Alexandrovsky Zavod. Many streets were named after him in Transbaikalian cities.
References
* Ушаков М. Вожак заб. партизан // Годы и люди. — Чита, 1960;
* Василевский В. И. Революция и Гражданская война в Заб.: Краткий биографический указатель. — Чита, 1989;
* Календарь знаменательных и памятных дат Чит. обл. на 1997 г. — Чита, 1997.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Zhuravlyov, Pavel
People of the Russian Civil War
History of Zabaykalsky Krai
1887 births
1920 deaths