Pauline Jewett (11 December 1922 – 5 July 1992) was a

Canadian Canadians () are people identified with the country of Canada. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Canadians, many (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source of their being ''C ...

academic and politician. In her political career, she served in the

House of Commons of Canada The House of Commons of Canada () is the lower house of the Parliament of Canada. Together with the Monarchy of Canada#Parliament (King-in-Parliament), Crown and the Senate of Canada, they comprise the Bicameralism, bicameral legislature of Ca ...

for the

Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. For example, while the political systems ...

and later the

New Democratic Party The New Democratic Party (NDP; , ) is a federal political party in Canada. Widely described as social democratic,The party is widely described as social democratic: * * * * * * * * * * * * * The Editors of ''Encyclopædia Britann ...

Life and career

Jewett was born in

St. Catharines, Ontario St. Catharines is the most populous city in Canada's Niagara Region, the eighth largest urban area in the province of Ontario. As of 2021, St. Catharines has an area of and 136,803 residents. It lies in Southern Ontario, south of Toronto ac ...

, where she attended elementary and secondary school. She was the daughter of Mrs. F.C. Jewett, a descendant of Northumberland, Ontario. In 1944, she received a BA in politics and philosophy. In the following year, she received an MA from Queen's University. She obtained a

Ph.D A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, DPhil; or ) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the deg ...

in political science at

Radcliffe College Radcliffe College was a Women's colleges in the United States, women's Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal arts college in Cambridge, Massachusetts, that was founded in 1879. In 1999, it was fully incorporated into Harvard Colle ...

Harvard University Harvard University is a Private university, private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, the History of the Puritans in North America, Puritan clergyma ...

in 1949. She continued her studies at the

London School of Economics The London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), established in 1895, is a public research university in London, England, and a member institution of the University of London. The school specialises in the social sciences. Founded ...

and

Oxford University The University of Oxford is a collegiate research university in Oxford, England. There is evidence of teaching as early as 1096, making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the second-oldest continuously operating u ...

. Jewett went on to lecture at

Wellesley College Wellesley College is a Private university, private Women's colleges in the United States, historically women's Liberal arts colleges in the United States, liberal arts college in Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1870 by Henr ...

, Queen's University and

Carleton University Carleton University is an English-language public university, public research university in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Founded in 1942 as Carleton College, the institution originally operated as a private, non-denominational evening college to se ...

. At Carleton, she was the chairman of the department of political science from 1960 to 1961 and served as Director of the Institute of Canadian Studies from 1967 to 1972. In 1961, Jewett became a resident of

Brighton, Ontario Brighton is a town in Northumberland County, Ontario, Northumberland County, Ontario, Canada, approximately east of Toronto and west of Kingston, Ontario, Kingston. It is traversed by both Ontario Highway 401, Highway 401 and the former Ontario ...

, in the constituency of

Northumberland Northumberland ( ) is a ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in North East England, on the Anglo-Scottish border, border with Scotland. It is bordered by the North Sea to the east, Tyne and Wear and County Durham to the south, Cumb ...

. In the 1962 federal election, she ran as the

Liberal Liberal or liberalism may refer to: Politics * Generally, a supporter of the political philosophy liberalism. Liberals may be politically left or right but tend to be centrist. * An adherent of a Liberal Party (See also Liberal parties by country ...

candidate in Northumberland. She lost by 758 votes to the Progressive Conservative (PC) candidate, Harry Bradley. In a rematch against Bradley in the 1963 election, she won by 505 votes, making her a Member of Parliament for the first time. In the 1965 election, she lost to her PC challenger, former MP

George Hees George Harris Hees (June 17, 1910 – June 11, 1996) was a Canadian politician and businessman. Background Born in Toronto, Hees was educated at the exclusive Crescent School in Toronto, Trinity College School in Port Hope, Ontario, the Roya ...

, by 563 votes. After Liberal

Prime Minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...

Pierre Trudeau Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau (October 18, 1919 – September 28, 2000) was a Canadian politician, statesman, and lawyer who served as the 15th prime minister of Canada from 1968 to 1979 and from 1980 to 1984. Between his no ...

invoked the ''

War Measures Act The ''War Measures Act'' (; 5 George V, Chap. 2) was a statute of the Parliament of Canada that provided for the declaration of war, invasion, or insurrection, and the types of emergency measures that could thereby be taken. The Act was brough ...

'' during the

October Crisis The October Crisis () was a chain of political events in Canada that started in October 1970 when members of the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) kidnapped the provincial Labour Minister Pierre Laporte and British diplomat James Cross f ...

, Jewett quit the Liberal Party and joined the

. She ran as an NDP candidate in the 1972 election in the riding of

Ottawa West Ottawa West was a federal and provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1997 and in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1908 to 1926 and from 1955 to 1999. It c ...

, but came in third, losing to Progressive Conservative candidate Peter Reilly. In May 1974, Jewett moved to

British Columbia British Columbia is the westernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Situated in the Pacific Northwest between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains, the province has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that ...

to become president of

Simon Fraser University Simon Fraser University (SFU) is a Public university, public research university in British Columbia, Canada. It maintains three campuses in Greater Vancouver, respectively located in Burnaby (main campus), Surrey, British Columbia, Surrey, and ...

. She was the first woman president of a Canadian co-educational university. FAO CERES2 Jewett Silver Obverse

She was honoured with the FAO CERES Medal in 1976. In the 1979 election, she was elected in the riding of

New Westminster—Coquitlam New Westminster—Coquitlam was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1979 to 1988, and from 2004 to 2015. Demographics :''According to the 2006 Canadian census'' ...

as the NDP candidate. She was also re-elected in the

1980 Events January * January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a United States grain embargo against the Soviet Union, grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission. * January 6 – Global Positioning Sys ...

and 1984 elections. She did not seek re-election in

1988 1988 was a crucial year in the early history of the Internet—it was the year of the first well-known computer virus, the Morris worm, 1988 Internet worm. The first permanent intercontinental Internet link was made between the United State ...

. In 1991, she was made an Officer of the

Order of Canada The Order of Canada () is a Canadian state order, national order and the second-highest Award, honour for merit in the system of orders, decorations, and medals of Canada, after the Order of Merit. To coincide with the Canadian Centennial, ce ...

, and in 1992, she was appointed to the Privy Council. Jewett was Chancellor of

from 1990 until her death from cancer in 1992.

Academic awards

* Medal in politics at Queen's University * Arts Resident Research Fellowship at Queen's University * Henry Clay Jackson Fellowship at

* Marty Memorial Scholarship * Nuffield Foundation Travel Grants

Memberships

Consumers' Association of Canada The Consumers' Association of Canada, founded in 1947, is a Canadian independent, volunteer-based, consumer organization. Based nationally in Ottawa with regional branches in Montreal, Saskatoon, Winnipeg and Vancouver, the organization focuses ...

Canadian Political Science Association The Canadian Political Science Association () is an organization of political scientists in Canada. It is a bilingual organization and publishes the bilingual journal ''Canadian Journal of Political Science''. The organization is headquartered in ...

Canadian Institute of International Affairs The Canadian International Council (CIC; ) is a Canadian think tank on foreign relations. It is an independent, member-based council established to strengthen Canada's role in international affairs. Its goal is to advance debate on international ...

* Institute of Public Administration of Canada * President of the Parliamentary Group of World Federalists

Projects in allied fields

* Part-author of ''Canadian Economic Policy'' (published in 1961) * Wrote articles on governmental and political issues * Participated on radio and television broadcasts dealing with public affairs * Author of the study for Canadian Nurses' Association dealing with the structure of the group

References

* * *
Order of Canada
* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Jewett, Pauline 1922 births 1992 deaths 20th-century Canadian women politicians 20th-century members of the House of Commons of Canada Academic staff of Carleton University Canadian expatriates in England Canadian expatriates in the United States Canadian university and college chief executives Chancellors of Carleton University Liberal Party of Canada MPs Members of the House of Commons of Canada from British Columbia Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada New Democratic Party MPs Officers of the Order of Canada Politicians from St. Catharines Presidents of Simon Fraser University Queen's University at Kingston alumni Radcliffe College alumni Women heads of universities and colleges Women in British Columbia politics Women in Ontario politics Women members of the House of Commons of Canada