Paul Ramadier (17 March 1888 – 14 October 1961) was a French statesman who served as

Prime Minister of France The prime minister of France (), officially the prime minister of the French Republic (''Premier ministre de la République française''), is the head of government of the French Republic and the leader of its Council of Ministers. The prime ...

in 1947.

Biography

The son of a

psychiatrist A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in psychiatry. Psychiatrists are physicians who evaluate patients to determine whether their symptoms are the result of a physical illness, a combination of physical and mental ailments or strictly ...

, Ramadier graduated in law from the University of Toulouse and started his profession as a lawyer in Paris. Then, in 1911, he gained his doctorate in

Roman law Roman law is the law, legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables (), to the (AD 529) ordered by Eastern Roman emperor Justinian I. Roman law also den ...

. He became the mayor of Decazeville in 1919 and served as the first

Prime Minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...

of the Fourth Republic in 1947. On 10 July 1940, he voted against the granting of the full powers to Marshal

Philippe Pétain Henri Philippe Bénoni Omer Joseph Pétain (; 24 April 1856 – 23 July 1951), better known as Marshal Pétain (, ), was a French marshal who commanded the French Army in World War I and later became the head of the Collaboration with Nazi Ger ...

, who installed the

Vichy regime Vichy France (; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was a French rump state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II, established as a result of the French capitulation after the defeat against ...

the next day. Ramadier took part in the Resistance and used the

nom de guerre A ''nom de guerre'' (, 'war name') is a pseudonym chosen by someone to use when they are involved in a particular activity, especially fighting in a war. In Ancien régime, ''ancien régime'' Kingdom of France, France it would be adopted by each n ...

''Violette''. His name was included in the

Yad Vashem Yad Vashem (; ) is Israel's official memorial institution to the victims of Holocaust, the Holocaust known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (). It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Jews who were murdered; echoing the stories of the ...

Jewish memorial after the war. In the government of

Charles de Gaulle Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French general and statesman who led the Free France, Free French Forces against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government of the French Re ...

(1944–1945), he was Minister for Provisions and earned a reputation as a hardworking, pragmatic and conciliatory politician.Yvert, Benoît (2007). Premiers ministres et présidents du Conseil depuis 1815. Perrin-Tempus. pp. 603–605. It was during his first ministry that the

French Communist Party The French Communist Party (, , PCF) is a Communism, communist list of political parties in France, party in France. The PCF is a member of the Party of the European Left, and its Member of the European Parliament, MEPs sit with The Left in the ...

was forced out of the government in May 1947, which ended the coalition of " tripartisme" with the

French Section of the Workers' International The French Section of the Workers' International (, SFIO) was a major socialist political party in France which was founded in 1905 and succeeded in 1969 by the present Socialist Party. The SFIO was founded in 1905 as the French representativ ...

(SFIO). Ramadier voted for the Marshall Plan. From 1956 to 1957, Ramadier was Minister of Finance under Guy Mollet.

Governments

First Ministry (22 January – 22 October 1947)

*Paul Ramadier – President of the Council * Maurice Thorez – Vice President of the Council * Georges Bidault – Minister of Foreign Affairs * Paul Coste-Floret – Minister of War * Louis Jacquinot – Minister of Marine * André Maroselli – Minister of Air * Édouard Depreux – Minister of the Interior *

Robert Schuman Jean-Baptiste Nicolas Robert Schuman (; 29 June 1886 – 4 September 1963) was a Luxembourg-born France, French statesman. Schuman was a Christian democrat, Christian democratic (Popular Republican Movement) political thinker and activist. ...

– Minister of Finance * André Philip – Minister of National Economy * Robert Lacoste – Minister of Industrial Production * Ambroise Croizat – Minister of Labour and Social Security * André Marie – Minister of Justice * Marcel Edmond Naegelen – Minister of National Education * François Mitterrand – Minister of Veterans and War Victims * François Tanguy-Prigent – Minister of Agriculture * Pierre Bourdan – Minister of Youth, Arts, and Letters * Marius Moutet – Minister of Overseas France * Jules Moch – Minister of Public Works and Transport * Georges Marrane – Minister of Public Health and Population * Charles Tillon – Minister of Reconstruction and Town Planning. * Jean Letourneau – Minister of Commerce * Félix Gouin – Minister of Planning * Marcel Roclore – Minister of State *

Yvon Delbos Yvon Delbos (7 May 1885 – 15 November 1956) was a French Radical-Socialist Party politician and minister. Biography Delbos was born in Thonac, Dordogne, and entered a career as a journalist, and became a member of the Radical-Socialist ...

– Minister of State Changes: *4 May 1947 – Pierre-Henri Teitgen succeeds Thorez as Vice President of the Council. The other Communist ministers (Croizat, Marranne, and Tillon) also resign. *9 May 1947 – Daniel Mayer succeeds Croizat as Minister of Labour and Social Security. Robert Prigent succeeds Marranne as Minister of Public Health and Population. Jean Letourneau succeeds Tillon as Minister of Reconstruction and Town Planning. Eugène Thomas enters the Cabinet as Minister of Posts. *11 August 1947 – Robert Lacoste succeeds Letourneau as Minister of Commerce, becoming thus Minister of Commerce and Industry.

Second Ministry (22 October – 24 November 1947)

*Paul Ramadier – President of the Council * Georges Bidault – Minister of Foreign Affairs * Pierre-Henri Teitgen – Minister of National Defense * Édouard Depreux – Minister of the Interior *

– Minister of Finance * Jules Moch – Minister of Economic Affairs, Planning, Public Works, Transport, Reconstruction, and Town Planning * Robert Lacoste – Minister of Industry * André Marie – Minister of Justice * Marcel Edmond Naegelen – Minister of National Education * Daniel Mayer – Minister of Social Affairs, Veterans, and War Victims * Marcel Roclore – Minister of Agriculture * Paul Coste-Floret – Minister of Overseas France *

– Minister of State

References

External links

Paul Ramadier
– his activity to save Jews' lives during the

Holocaust The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy ...

, at

website * {{DEFAULTSORT:Ramadier, Paul 1888 births 1961 deaths People from La Rochelle French Section of the Workers' International politicians Socialist Party of France – Jean Jaurès Union politicians Socialist Republican Union politicians Prime ministers of France Ministers of justice of France Finance ministers of France Secretaries of State of France Members of the 14th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 15th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 16th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the Provisional Consultative Assembly Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1945) Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1946) Deputies of the 1st National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic Deputies of the 3rd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic Members of Parliament for Aveyron French general councillors Mayors of places in Occitania (administrative region) French Freemasons Human Rights League (France) members The Vichy 80 French Resistance members French people of the First Indochina War French people of the Algerian War French Righteous Among the Nations