''For other people named Paul Martin, see

Paul Martin (Disambiguation) Paul Martin (born 1938) is a former Canadian prime minister. Paul Martin may also refer to: Politics * Paul Martin Sr. (1903–1992), father of the above, Canadian politician * Paul Martin (Scottish politician) (born 1967), member of the Scott ...

'' Paul Martin (June 6, 1883 – March 19, 1932) was an American commercial artist and illustrator. He designed the world's largest sign in 1917. It towered over

Times Square Times Square is a major commercial intersection, tourist destination, entertainment hub, and Neighborhoods in New York City, neighborhood in the Midtown Manhattan section of New York City. It is formed by the junction of Broadway (Manhattan), ...

until 1924. He drew a poster supporting the ongoing

war effort War effort is a coordinated mobilization of society's resources—both industrial and civilian—towards the support of a military force, particular during a state of war. Depending on the militarization of the culture, the relative si ...

in 1918. His artwork appeared on twenty covers of ''

Collier's } ''Collier's'' was an American general interest magazine founded in 1888 by Peter F. Collier, Peter Fenelon Collier. It was launched as ''Collier's Once a Week'', then renamed in 1895 as ''Collier's Weekly: An Illustrated Journal'', shortened i ...

'' between 1923 and 1927. He won '' Parents' Magazine'' " Cover of the Year" award for three straight years from 1928 to 1930. He reshaped the then-famous mascot of Fisk Tires in 1930. This new character appeared in thirteen issues of ''

The Saturday Evening Post ''The Saturday Evening Post'' is an American magazine published six times a year. It was published weekly from 1897 until 1963, and then every other week until 1969. From the 1920s to the 1960s, it was one of the most widely circulated and influ ...

'', 1930. Martin created the official poster for the

Girl Scouts Girl Guides (or Girl Scouts in the United States and some other countries) are organisations within the Scout Movement originally and largely still for girls and women only. The Girl Guides began in 1910 with the formation of The Girl Guides ...

in 1931. It was displayed at their troop meetings from 1931 to 1937. He played in sanctioned

tennis Tennis is a List of racket sports, racket sport that is played either individually against a single opponent (singles (tennis), singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles (tennis), doubles). Each player uses a tennis racket st ...

tournaments around the

New York metropolitan area The New York metropolitan area, also called the Tri-State area and sometimes referred to as Greater New York, is the List of cities by GDP, largest metropolitan economy in the world, with a List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP, gross metropo ...

from 1909 to 1931. USLTA sanctioned. This article can combine various sections to back up every single year from 1909 to 31. This included the U.S. National Championships (now US Open) of 1920, 1921, and

1924 Events January * January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after. * January 20–January 30, 30 – Kuomintang in Ch ...

. The Paul Martin singles tournament was held for eighty-four years, between 1932 and 2019. He played doubles with Franklin P. Adams, teamed with

Vincent Richards Vincent Richards (March 20, 1903 – September 28, 1959) was an American tennis player. He was active in the early decades of the 20th century, particularly known as being a superlative volleyer. He was ranked World No. 2 as an amateur in 1924 b ...

, and collaborated on a book with Howard R. Garis. His

WWI World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting took place mainly in Europe and th ...

poster has been displayed at the

International Tennis Hall of Fame The International Tennis Hall of Fame is located in Newport, Rhode Island, United States. It honors both players and other contributors to the sport of tennis. The complex, the former Newport Casino, includes a museum, 13 grass tennis courts, an ...

since 1965.Framed
Periodically exhibited. Silkscreened. Donor: Bessie Holden. Wayback Machine. ''The Sun'', Apr 21, 1918 sec. 7, p. 8; Jul 16, 1918 p. 13. She helped organize the National Tennis Women's War Relief Association.

Background

The

golden age The term Golden Age comes from Greek mythology, particularly the ''Works and Days'' of Hesiod, and is part of the description of temporal decline of the state of peoples through five Ages of Man, Ages, Gold being the first and the one during wh ...

of illustration began in the 1880s. Major advancements in printing techniques were then taking place. This included breakthroughs in the

halftone Halftone is the reprographic technique that simulates continuous tone, continuous-tone imagery through the use of dots, varying either in size or in spacing, thus generating a gradient-like effect.Campbell, Alastair. ''The Designer's Lexicon''. ...

process. It made the printing of images for commercial purposes more economical, feasible and realistic. The singular process of

wood engraving Wood engraving is a printmaking technique, in which an artist works an image into a block of wood. Functionally a variety of woodcut, it uses relief printing, where the artist applies ink to the face of the block and prints using relatively l ...

(strenuous and time-consuming) was replaced with

photo engraving A photograph (also known as a photo, or more generically referred to as an ''image'' or ''picture'') is an image created by light falling on a photosensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic image sensor. The process and prac ...

(higher level).

Howard Pyle Howard Pyle (March 5, 1853 – November 9, 1911) was an American illustrator, Painting, painter, and author, primarily of books for young people. He was a native of Wilmington, Delaware, Wilmington, Delaware, and he spent the last year of his life ...

was an artist, writer, teacher and innovator. Pyle is often regarded as the "Father of American Illustration." Its renowned luminaries included

Charles Dana Gibson Charles Dana Gibson (September 14, 1867 – December 23, 1944) was an American illustrator who created the Gibson Girl, an iconic representation of the beautiful and independent American woman at the turn of the 20th century. He published his ...

, J. C. Leyendecker,

Maxfield Parrish Maxfield Parrish (July 25, 1870 – March 30, 1966) was an American painter and illustration, illustrator active in the first half of the 20th century. His works featured distinctive saturated hues and idealized neo-classical imagery. The ...

Norman Rockwell Norman Percevel Rockwell (February 3, 1894 – November 8, 1978) was an American painter and illustrator. His works have a broad popular appeal in the United States for their reflection of Culture of the United States, the country's culture. Roc ...

, and

N. C. Wyeth Newell Convers Wyeth (October 22, 1882 – October 19, 1945), known as N. C. Wyeth, was an American painter and illustrator. He was a student of Howard Pyle and became one of America's most well-known illustrators. Wyeth created more than 3,000 ...

. However, most illustrators received little recognition. Their artwork was perceived as commercially (not creatively) inspired. This was in direct contrast to the

fine art In European academic traditions, fine art (or, fine arts) is made primarily for aesthetics or creative expression, distinguishing it from popular art, decorative art or applied art, which also either serve some practical function (such as ...

ists. Nevertheless, these illustrators communicated and documented the people's aspirations, concerns, customs, humor, ideals, labor, morals & social interests.Changeover
''Cover Story: The Art of American Magazine Covers 1900-1950'', Heller and Fili, 1996 pp. 7–8 (documented), 9–12 (recognition), 16–17 (decades). These three keywords are in this article under "Background." The magazine industry relied heavily on advertising revenue. It suffered from the popularity of radio and television (especially the latter). These far-reaching mediums were much more appealing to advertisers. The specialized magazines fared better. They targeted specific (not diverse) audiences and suffered fewer losses in readership and revenue. Later came the

Internet The Internet (or internet) is the Global network, global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a internetworking, network of networks ...

revolution, which forced numerous periodicals to shut down or go digital for survival. Another point is that major advancements in photographic equipment and technology occurred during the 1930s. This resulted in the decades-long transition from illustrated to photographic covers. But the innovative and captivating artistic version still lingered. Graphic design software eventually took over completely.

Life

He was born to Hannah A. (née Morrow) and Robert C. Martin (a brick merchant) in New York City on June 6, 1883. He was the second youngest of nine children. Three of them did not reach adulthood. The family home was located on 31st St. in

Manhattan Manhattan ( ) is the most densely populated and geographically smallest of the Boroughs of New York City, five boroughs of New York City. Coextensive with New York County, Manhattan is the County statistics of the United States#Smallest, larg ...

, between 8th and 9th Aves., throughout the 1880s. The Martins moved northward to

Central Harlem Harlem is a neighborhood in Upper Manhattan, New York City. It is bounded roughly by the Hudson River on the west; the Harlem River and 155th Street (Manhattan), 155th Street on the north; Fifth Avenue on the east; and 110th Street (Manhattan ...

on Edgecombe Ave. in 1890. Young Paul lost two sisters between 1891 & 1893. The family relocated within Central Harlem to 129th St. and 5th Ave., 1898. They belonged to the Twenty-fourth Street M. E. Church (until 1890) and Calvary Church (until 1908). His father was the

superintendent Superintendent may refer to: *Building superintendent, a manager, maintenance or repair person, custodian or janitor, especially in the United States; sometimes shortened to "super" *Prison warden or superintendent, a prison administrator *Soprin ...

of their

Sunday school ] A Sunday school, sometimes known as a Sabbath school, is an educational institution, usually Christianity, Christian in character and intended for children or neophytes. Sunday school classes usually precede a Sunday church service and are u ...

s. Martin immensely enjoyed drawing as a boy. His first regular job was as a brokerage clerk at age 16. He studied

commercial art Commercial art is the art of creative services, referring to art created for commercial purposes, primarily advertising. Commercial art uses a variety of platforms (magazines, websites, apps, television, etc.) for viewers with the intent of promo ...

at the

National Academy of Design The National Academy of Design is an honorary association of American artists, founded in New York City in 1825 by Samuel Morse, Asher Durand, Thomas Cole, Frederick Styles Agate, Martin E. Thompson, Charles Cushing Wright, Ithiel Town, an ...

between 1902 and 1906. His instructors included Charles Louis Hinton,

Francis Coates Jones Francis Coates Jones (July 25, 1857JONES, Francis Coates
in ''

George W. Maynard, and Edgar Melville Ward. His first career job was with the ''

New-York Tribune The ''New-York Tribune'' (from 1914: ''New York Tribune'') was an American newspaper founded in 1841 by editor Horace Greeley. It bore the moniker ''New-York Daily Tribune'' from 1842 to 1866 before returning to its original name. From the 1840s ...

'', 1905. He the ''Tribune'' Stephen H. Horgan as art manager, 1906–12. Martin continued to live at home during those years. The family moved from

Upper Manhattan Upper Manhattan is the northern section of the New York City borough of Manhattan. Its southern boundary has been variously defined, but some of the most common usages are 96th Street, 110th Street (the northern boundary of Central Park), 1 ...

to rural

Maplewood, New Jersey Maplewood is a township in Essex County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township is an inner-ring suburban bedroom community of New York City in the New York metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's popula ...

, 1908. Their new church was located just two blocks away. They lived near a train station, which allowed them to commute into Manhattan. He joined the local tennis club on Baker St., 1909. He started competing in sanctioned tournaments, Aug–Sep 1909. They were hosted sequentially by the Nyack (N.Y.) and Morristown (N.J.) clubs.''New York Tribune'', Sep 1, 190
p. 5
(); Sep 15, 190
p. 8
''Spalding's Lawn Tennis Annual'', 191
pp. 98–99, 181
He played singles & doubles in both. His older brother, Ralph, also debuted at Nyack. Ralph was related through marriage to

Charles Yardley Turner Charles Yardley "C. Y." Turner (November 25, 1850 – January 1, 1919) was an American painter, illustrator, muralist and teacher. His Genre painting, genre scenes and American historical paintings were popularized through engravings and book ill ...

."Travers Island"
''American Lawn Tennis'', Aug 15, 1921 p. 317; ''Spalding's Lawn Tennis Annual'', 1910 pp. 98 (defaults)
181
''NY Tribune'', Aug 14, 191
p. 8
(doubles partners); Jul 19, 1921 p. 11; Jun 12, 192
p. 11
They both played in these events.

FamilySearch FamilySearch is a nonprofit organization and website offering genealogical records, education, and software. It is operated by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and is part of the Church's Family History Department (FHD). The Fami ...

. Ralph Arndt Martin (Oct 1870 – Jan 1961) was born in New Jersey. Census of 1910. Wife: Alice. Uncle-in-law (householder):

. Their shared home was on 14th St. in Mid-Lower Manhattan. Search under "C. E. Y. Turner" (misspelled initials). Census of 1920. Ralph and Alice now lived in East Orange, N.J. Paul's doubles partner while living in Maplewood was a neighbor, Harry Balch, 1909–1912.''Spalding's Lawn Tennis Annual'', 1910 (for '09)
p. 181
He played singles and doubles (teamed with Harry N. Balch) at the Nyack CC. ''New York Tribune'', Sep 15, 190
p. 8
''Spalding's'', 1910 (for '09)
p. 99
At Morristown. ''NY Tribune'', Jun 3, 1910 p. 9; Jun 24, 1910 p. 8. Partners again. ''Spalding's'', 1912 (for '11), p. 160. Friedman– Grant topped Balch–Martin 7–5, 6–2. ''Spalding's'', 1913 (for '12)
p. 64
Balch and Martin formed a tandem in So. Orange, N.J. ''NY Herald'', Jul 7, 191
p. 15
PDF ("Maplewood"); Jul 21, 191
p. 15
PDF ("Glenridge"). Team matches. These two sources connect everything together. They were clubmates & doubles partners at the Maplewood FC. Wayback Machine. Martin married Lauretta Willey (pronounced "will-ee") at the First M. E. Church on Washington St. in

Hoboken, New Jersey Hoboken ( ; ) is a City (New Jersey), city in Hudson County, New Jersey, Hudson County in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Hoboken is part of the New York metropolitan area and is the site of Hoboken Terminal, a major transportation hub. As of the ...

, 1912. The Rev. Henry J. Johnston officiated. The couple first met years earlier at Calvary Methodist. Lauretta's siblings were schoolteacher Emma and accountant Walter (who later owned the Willey Book Co.). Their first home together was in the University Heights section of

the Bronx The Bronx ( ) is the northernmost of the five Boroughs of New York City, boroughs of New York City, coextensive with Bronx County, in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York. It shares a land border with Westchester County, New York, West ...

, 1912. They relocated one block east to another rental, 1915. The Martins actively participated in tennis tournaments. They played with their local club and on the circuit. He worked for the innovative O. J. Gude Company from 1912 to 19. It was the industry leader in outdoor advertising. His Gude office was first located at 935 Broadway, 1912–13 ... and then at 220 West 42nd ( Candler Bldg. in

), 1913–19. He worked for the advertising firm Gotham Studios from 1919 to 20. Its headquarters moved from 1133 Broadway (St. James Bldg.) to East 24th St., near 4th (now Park) Ave., on January 1, 1920. Martin went

freelance ''Freelance'' (sometimes spelled ''free-lance'' or ''free lance''), ''freelancer'', or ''freelance worker'', are terms commonly used for a person who is self-employed and not necessarily committed to a particular employer long-term. Freelance w ...

and rented a small studio, Aug and Sep 1920. It was located on East 27th St., between Lexington and 3rd Aves. He could now work independently, with flexible hours, creative control, and (adversely) income uncertainty. He joined the Artists' Guild in December 1920. Paul and Lauretta moved from

to a rural, forested area of

Millwood, New York Millwood is a hamlet and census-designated place located in the town of New Castle, New York, United States in Westchester County. It was originally settled as Sarlesville. The area now known as Millwood appears on 19th century maps as Merritt' ...

, August 1925. Their first owned home doubled as a working studio (upper floor) from 1925 to 1932. Its centerpiece was a long, flat table that held the canvases, drawing pads, paintbrushes and tubes. Also nearby were art books,

easel An easel is an upright support used for displaying and/or fixing something resting upon it, at an angle of about 20° to the vertical. In particular, painters traditionally use an easel to support a painting while they work on it, normally stan ...

photo shoot A photo shoot is the process taken by creatives and models that results in a visual objective being obtained. An example is a model posing for a photographer at a studio or an outdoor location. A photo shoot is a series of images that are taken, ...

props, and an adjacent

darkroom A darkroom is used to process photographic film, make Photographic printing, prints and carry out other associated tasks. It is a room that can be made completely dark to allow the processing of light-sensitive photographic materials, including ...

. Natural northern light came in through the large side window. He found artistic inspiration in the secluded and wooded surroundings. He occasionally used family members as models. Uncle Paul's niece Edna is writing down the license plate number of a boy's wagon, on the ''

Liberty Liberty is the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views. The concept of liberty can vary depending on perspective and context. In the Constitutional ...

'' cover of September 12, 1925. She's also highlighted on an American Junior Red Cross poster. His mother-in-law is basting a turkey for

Thanksgiving Thanksgiving is a national holiday celebrated on various dates in October and November in the United States, Canada, Saint Lucia, Liberia, and unofficially in countries like Brazil and Germany. It is also observed in the Australian territory ...

, on the '' People's Home Journal'' cover of November 1928.Oven Roasted1
She's preparing the main course
Oven Roasted2
''Thanksgiving: An Illustrated History'', J & S Thomas, 2011 p. 67. "Anticipation." The Martins attended Highland (Ossining United) Methodist Church in downtown Ossining. He died at age 48 of a stomach ulcer. This was one week after an operation at Ossining Hospital in March 1932. The service was held at Highland Methodist Church. The survivors included three brothers and one sister. His wife, Lauretta "Lolly" (1880–1972), lived another forty years. He was known in tennis circles for his athletic ability, active participation, friendliness, and sportsmanship. A retrospective in the '' Bronxville Press'' from August 1932: " s presence was always felt by topnotchers nd regulars Paul Martin was a synonym for all that was clean and wholesome in the game."

''Collier's''

General-interest magazines flourished before the advent of television. One of them was the historically significant ''

'', which experienced a revival under editor William L. Chenery in 1925.''A Cavalcade of Collier's'', McArdle, , 195
pp. xii–xiii
Martin drew twenty covers for the magazine between 1923 and 27. This included the Christmas issues of 1924 and 26. Some artists created a niche for themselves by focusing on drawing comical situations, domestic follies, political satire, pretty women, or simple pleasures.''Scribner's Magazine'', July 192
p. 126
(niche). He also made use of a recurring theme. It showed a youthful boy engaged in various lighthearted activities or situations. This included eighteen appearances on the covers of ''Collier's''. Their descriptions follow: bobbing for apples, loading up on desserts, shooting marbles, playing the flute,''Collier's'' (Jun-24)
"Correct Position for the Fingers." Beginning flutist. He's wearing a sailor suit with a big red bow.

Library of Congress The Library of Congress (LOC) is a research library in Washington, D.C., serving as the library and research service for the United States Congress and the ''de facto'' national library of the United States. It also administers Copyright law o ...

. decked out in a straw hat, shoveling snow, winding up a spinning top, carrying schoolbooks, eating holiday turkey, catching a baseball, playing football, going down a water slide,''Collier's'' (Aug-27)
An apprehensive dog and joyful boy are going down a water slide together.

Commons The commons is the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable Earth. These resources are held in common even when owned privately or publicly. Commons ...

. sleigh riding, happily swimming, saying grace, getting hair shaved, working as a messenger, and daydreaming about fishing.''Collier's'' (Sep-25)
A student's mind wanders in an English grammar class. Accessed via HathiTrust. He rarely veered from that subject matter. The most striking departure was for a self-portrait. He portrayed himself as a well-dressed, vocal spectator at the

horse race Horse racing is an equestrian performance activity, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys (or sometimes driven without riders) over a set distance for competition. It is one of the most ancient of all sports, as its bas ...

s.''Collier's'' (Jun-25)
Self-portrait. Martin's wearing a derby hat amid red carnations. The mustache was added on. The cover story is about horse betting. His drawing style was simple yet bold. It captured the brightness, carefreeness, and innocence of youth. There was a nostalgic quality to them. They resonated with the masses, who had just lived through a catastrophic

world war A world war is an international War, conflict that involves most or all of the world's major powers. Conventionally, the term is reserved for two major international conflicts that occurred during the first half of the 20th century, World War I ...

and

influenza pandemic An influenza pandemic is an epidemic of an influenza virus that spreads across a large region (either multiple continents or worldwide) and infects a large proportion of the population. There have been five major influenza pandemics in the l ...

. Martin excluded the nonessential details (extra people, scenery, structures, trees, etc.), which allowed viewers to make an instant connection. His paintings are often easy to recognize, as their theme and style stayed fairly consistent. They sometimes give the illusion of three-dimensional depth. This was achieved through the use of various techniques, such as color intensity variation,

linear perspective Linear or point-projection perspective () is one of two types of graphical projection perspective in the graphic arts; the other is parallel projection. Linear perspective is an approximate representation, generally on a flat surface, of ...

, and

overlap Overlap may refer to: * In set theory, an overlap of elements shared between sets is called an intersection, as in a Venn diagram. * In music theory, overlap is a synonym for reinterpretation of a chord at the boundary of two musical phrases * Ove ...

ping. His cover art almost always had a holiday or seasonal theme or reflected the magazine's image. This was common practice back then. It was only once connected to a specific article. Creative Process. Martin started by coming up with ideas and turning them into conceptual sketches. They were further developed into rough drafts and sent to art editors for publication consideration. The ones approved came back with or without a modification request. (The rejects were sometimes submitted elsewhere.) He then hired boys for

photo session A photo shoot is the process taken by creatives and models that results in a visual objective being obtained. An example is a model posing for a photographer at a studio or an outdoor location. A photo shoot is a series of images that are taken, ...

s, most of whom lived locally.''Hard Row to Hoe'' (literary newsletter), V-9 Fall 200
p. 1pp. 2–3

Wayback Machine The Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web founded by Internet Archive, an American nonprofit organization based in San Francisco, California. Launched for public access in 2001, the service allows users to go "back in ...

. It's a collaboration between Joe E. (Edwin) Armstrong and Martin's niece, Adele. This source is cited six times, with each time referring to a different sentence on p. 2 or 3. Excerpt: " heFisk tire advertisement, 'A Time to Retire,' with Adele's brother Walter as a model, was his best known work." The niece recalled visiting the artist with her brother and sister. As follows: "We climbed the oak stairs to the second floor ... ndentered a huge, bright room ... This was my uncle's studio." "Although my uncle generally used local models, especially boys, some of our family posed for photographs, which would later miraculously turn into paintings. My grandmother was depicted in a Thanksgiving scene basting a turkey"; "My brother and I sat for ''The Bookshelf for Boys and Girls'' while Uncle Paul took our picture, as we sat on the kitchen table of our own house." "My sister modeled for Junior Red Cross poster[]. [S]he posed as well, taking a license number from a boy's homemade car, for hitting her carriage and doll." Grandma: Mary Willey, wikt:née, née Immler (1854–1937). Brother: Walter Jr. Sister: Edna. Adele & Armstrong were neighbors in Healdsburg, Calif. The film was developed into prints in a darkroom. He drew the preliminaryPreliminary
Board thickness: 1/16". A rarity. Commons. and final versions, using several of these prints as guidelines.Photo Session1
A model poses for a painting and the finished product. It appeared in numerous newspapers and ''

'', Nov 1930. Artist signed. The boy, two girls, and fridge were photographed separately.Photo Session2
A model poses for a painting and the finished product. It appeared on the ''Foreign Service'' cover of May 1932. Artist signed. The boy is holding up a paintbrush stick. It has an attached matchbox ( in lieu of a flower). This gave him more options and flexibility compared to using real-life models. It was also a more practical process, given children's natural tendency to be active and impatient. He interacted with them from behind the camera in order to get the right facial expression. His wife helped out by preparing the models for their scene. ''

'' advertising and circulation revenues steadily declined after

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

. The main culprit was the rapid growth of television. ''Collier's'' was forced to cease publication in December 1956. Its top competitors (''

Life Life, also known as biota, refers to matter that has biological processes, such as Cell signaling, signaling and self-sustaining processes. It is defined descriptively by the capacity for homeostasis, Structure#Biological, organisation, met ...

'', '' Look'', and ''

Post Post, POST, or posting may refer to: Postal services * Mail, the postal system, especially in Commonwealth of Nations countries **An Post, the Irish national postal service **Canada Post, Canadian postal service **Deutsche Post, German postal s ...

'') were able to hold out longer.

Commercial artist

Martin designed " Wrigley Gum's" light bulb spectacular, which showcased six acrobatic "

spearmen A spear is a polearm consisting of a shaft, usually of wood, with a pointed head. The head may be simply the sharpened end of the shaft itself, as is the case with Fire hardening, fire hardened spears, or it may be made of a more durable materia ...

" on a

Broadway Broadway may refer to: Theatre * Broadway Theatre (disambiguation) * Broadway theatre, theatrical productions in professional theatres near Broadway, Manhattan, New York City, U.S. ** Broadway (Manhattan), the street ** Broadway Theatre (53rd Stre ...

billboard in 1917. It was the world's largest display panel, at 200 feet by 50 feet. It covered an entire city block in

, between 43rd and 44th Sts. This panoramic

light show Light show may refer to: * Light art, a visual art form in which light is the primary medium * Drone display * Laser lighting display * Liquid light show, light projected through colored oil * Projection mapping, projecting a light display onto a b ...

was a major tourist attraction for seven years. The Wrigley name was

synonymous A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means precisely or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words ''begin'', ''start'', ''commence'', and ''initiate'' are a ...

with big-time advertising. He created a poster for the

titled "Serve Your Country" (double meaning), which depicted a fashionable young woman serving in tennis. It was for the War Camp Community Service in 1918. Women were encouraged to entertain off-duty soldiers by joining them in activities such as dancing, dining, sightseeing, socializing, and theatergoing. This poster was silkscreened and has been displayed at the

since 1965. He drew five different scenes of snow activities for the

New York, Ontario and Western Railway The New York, Ontario and Western Railway, commonly known as the O&W or NYO&W, was a regional railroad founded in 1868. The last train ran from Norwich, New York, to Middletown, Orange County, New York, Middletown, New York, in 1957, after whi ...

(a passenger & freight carrier) in 1921–22. They described Sullivan County's

Catskill Mountains The Catskill Mountains, also known as the Catskills, are a physiographic province and subrange of the larger Appalachian Mountains, located in southeastern New York. As a cultural and geographic region, the Catskills are generally defined a ...

as a lively and refreshing vacation spot. He designed greeting cards for

William Edwin Rudge William Edwin Rudge is the name of a grandfather, father and son, all of whom worked in the printing business. It's also the name of their business. The first William Edwin Rudge (1835–1910) operated a small commercial print shop in New York City ...

, Inc. in 1921. Martin drew a cheerful boy eating

Heinz Baked Beans Heinz Baked Beans are a brand of baked beans produced by the H.J. Heinz Company. They have been sold as "Heinz Beanz" in the United Kingdom since 2008. History In 1886, Heinz Baked Beans were first sold at the Fortnum & Mason department store ...

in 1927. He also created two posters for the American Junior Red Cross, 1929–30. The first was titled "The Flag of Service the World Around." It featured children in festive costumes behind a globe, with one holding up a large Red Cross flag. The second was titled "Juniors Helping Everywhere." It showed twenty miniature scenes of children worldwide in various supportive roles.Helpers1
His niece Edna is second from the top right. Artist signed (on the globe's lower right). Commons
Helpers2
''Florida Health Notes'', State Board of Health, Nov 1930 p. 184. ''

Akron Beacon Journal The ''Akron Beacon Journal'' is a morning newspaper in Akron, Ohio, United States. Owned by Gannett, it is the sole daily newspaper in Akron and is distributed throughout Northeast Ohio. The paper's coverage focuses on local news. The Beacon Jo ...

'', Oct 8, 1930 p. 15. Two girls are displaying the poster
"Grammar School"
''American Junior Red Cross News'', Mar 1932 p. 154 (upper left). Martin designed three billboards for the Hecker H-O (Hornby's Oatmeal) Company of

Buffalo, New York Buffalo is a Administrative divisions of New York (state), city in the U.S. state of New York (state), New York and county seat of Erie County, New York, Erie County. It lies in Western New York at the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of ...

, 1931. One showed a confident young football player receiving first aid, who had oats for breakfast.Confidence
Titled "I don't care, I'm strong." Commons. The other two emphasized the cereal's healthinessThumb Pointing2
''Outdoor, Street-Car, and Radio Advertising'', 1936 pp. 14a, 15, 17. Size: 25' x 12'. It's a street-level perspective. and deliciousness. These large ads (25 feet by 12 feet) appeared on poster panels, which attracted the attention of passing motorists and pedestrians. They also had short runs in food markets—on their walls, windows, or hanging from suspended wires. Martin painted three advertisements for

General Electric General Electric Company (GE) was an American Multinational corporation, multinational Conglomerate (company), conglomerate founded in 1892, incorporated in the New York (state), state of New York and headquartered in Boston. Over the year ...

's distinctive, all-steel "Monitor Top" refrigerator in 1930. The first and most elaborate featured two boys running a

lemonade stand A lemonade stand is a business that is commonly owned and operated by a child or children, to sell lemonade. The concept has become iconic of youthful summertime American culture to the degree that parodies and variations on the concept exist ...

. Their mother looked on with approval through the open kitchen window. It appeared simultaneously as a full-page ad in over ten magazines. The following review by W. Livingston Larned appeared in ''

Printers' Ink ''Printers' Ink'' was an American trade magazine launched in 1888 by George P. Rowell.Mierau, Christina B. (2000). ''Accept No Substitutes!: The History of American Advertising''. Twenty-First Century Books, It was the first national trade magazi ...

'', 1930: , 5 cents per glass,' reads the sign of the youthful shopkeepers. ...

hey Hey, HEY, or Hey! may refer to: Music * Hey (band), a Polish rock band Albums * ''Hey'' (Andreas Bourani album) or the title song (see below), 2014 * ''Hey!'' (Julio Iglesias album) or the title song, 1980 * ''Hey!'' (Jullie album) or the ...

are soliciting trade in a strenuous manner, as a friendly dog enters into the spirit of the event with challenging barks. ... is a picture filled with action and story-telling strength. But because the advertised product has been worked in so adroitly, the illustration seems doubly effective and relevant." His other "Monitor Top" credits were of a girl playing with building blocks, and two dressed-up girls listening to an enthusiastic sales boy. It was regarded as the first reliable and affordable model for residential use, though at a hefty price. He painted a contest-winning poster for the

in 1931. It was titled "Usefulness Beauty Health Truth Knowledge."Girl Scout Equipment (catalog), 1931 p. 25; 1932 p. 29; 1932F p. 32; 1933
p. 34
1933F p. 28; 1934S p. 31; 1934F p. 31; 1935S p. 38; 1935F p. 38; 1936S p. 33; 1936F p. 33. Excerpts fro
1931F
"Prize winning poster in the contest held early in 1931. Painted by Paul Martin"; "A very attractive publicity item or window display" Excerpt fro
1933F
"The 'Usefulness' poster, because of its cheerfulness and lovely coloring, is one of the most popular." It's pictured in all eleven of these

semiannual An anniversary is the date on which an event took place or an institution was founded. Most countries celebrate national anniversaries, typically called national days. These could be the date of independence of the nation or the adoption o ...

s. Sizes: 17" x 22" and 7" x 9.25".''Citizen-Sentinel'' (Ossining, N.Y.), Mar 19, 193
p. 1
(PDF). Excerpts: "An art enthusiast from his boyhood"; "He studied commercial art at the Academy of Design"; "Mr. Martin gained a national reputation when he designed the automobile tire advertisement, 'Time to Re-tire' "; "He has won several art prizes, including an award last year for drawing the best poster symbolizing the Girl Scout movement." "Member of the Artists' Guild. He was also a member of the County

ennis Ennis ( , meaning 'island' or 'river meadow') is the county town of County Clare, in the mid-west of Ireland. The town lies on the River Fergus, north of where the river widens and enters the Shannon Estuary. Ennis is the largest town in Cou ...

Club of Westchester and of the Scarsdale Badminton Club." Wayback Machine. The contest was conducted by the Art Alliance of America. This organization brought together craftworkers and advertisers. There were two hundred-plus submissions. The judging panel consisted of W. T. Benda (who replaced

),"Poster Campaign"
''Plattsburgh Daily Press'', Jan 21, 1931 p. 7. Gibson was on the original (not final) jury. Ray Greenleaf,

Rockwell Kent Rockwell Kent (June 21, 1882 – March 13, 1971) was an American painter, printmaker, illustrator, writer, sailor, adventurer and voyager. Biography Rockwell Kent was born in Tarrytown, New York. Kent was of English American, English descent. ...

John La Gatta John La Gatta (May 26, 1894 – January 21, 1977), also spelled LaGatta, was an advertising illustrator active during the first half of the 20th century. Early life John La Gatta was born in Naples, Italy, the son of an educated father and a mo ...

Neysa McMein Neysa Moran McMein (born Marjorie Frances McMein; January 24, 1888 – May 12, 1949) was an American illustrator and portrait painter who studied at The School of The Art Institute of Chicago and Art Students League of New York. She began her ca ...

and Edward A. Wilson."Contest"
''The Pelham Sun'', Feb 27, 1931 p. 9 – via news.hrvh.org. Martin's model for the poster was Barbara Smith, a 14-year-old from Darien, Connecticut (previously, Yonkers, N.Y.). Her parents and Martin were lifelong friends. He served as

best man A groomsman or usher is one of the male attendants to the groom in a wedding ceremony. Usually, the groom selects close friends and relatives to serve as groomsmen, and it is considered an honor to be selected. From his groomsmen, the groom usuall ...

at their wedding back in 1904. The Girl Scouts' National Director, Josephine Schain, presented the three winners with checks for $100, $200, and $300, respectively. These ceremonial exchanges took place at the Scouts' national headquarters, at 670

Lexington Avenue Lexington Avenue, often colloquially abbreviated as "Lex", is an avenue on the East Side (Manhattan), East Side of Manhattan in New York City. The avenue carries southbound one-way traffic from East 131st Street (Manhattan), 131st Street to Gra ...

in Manhattan. The three award recipients then posed together behind their entries. National President Birdsall Otis Edey was one of three consultants, along with executives

Anne Hyde Choate Anne Hyde Clarke Choate (October 27, 1886 – May 17, 1967) was an early and prominent leader in the Girl Scouts of the USA and in the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS). Biography Born Anne Hyde Clarke in New York, her go ...

and Genevieve Garvan Brady. His poster effectively and faithfully captured the character-building movement. It was displayed on the bedroom walls of troop members and at their meetings (on bulletin boards, stands, or windows) from 1931 to 1937. It also appeared on the covers of Girl Scout Equipment for Fall 1932 and Spring 1933. They all showed a modified version with three raised fingers instead of a salute. Martin said at the award ceremony, "Barbara seems

o be O, or o, is the fifteenth letter and the fourth vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''o'' (pronounced ), ...

the personification of all that

Girl Scouting Girl Guides (or Girl Scouts in the United States and some other countries) are organisations within the Scout Movement originally and largely still for girls and women only. The Girl Guides began in 1910 with the formation of The Girl Guides ...

means. She is the very spirit of radiant, happy, and wholesome young girlhood, and my mind naturally turned to her immediately when I learned of the competition." His drawings were also used to promote businesses on Gerlach Barklow's calendars, ink blotter cards, and prints. One of them was titled "Singin' in the Rain," 1931. It showed a boy sitting and holding an umbrella amid five puppies. Another drawing depicted a boy reading about scientific theories with some difficulty. His work appeared in many different types of print media. Martin's paintings often included a cute and friendly pup. He created covers for four different

trade publication A trade magazine, also called a trade journal or trade paper (colloquially or disparagingly a trade rag), is a magazine or newspaper whose target audience is people who work in a particular trade or industry. The collective term for this a ...

s between 1920 & 1931. They were ''Advertising & Selling'',Positions
''Advertising & Selling'', Jan 24, 1920 p. 12. Excerpt: "It is interesting to note that this drawing was made by Paul Martin, who, while he was with the O. J. Gude Co., designed the famous Wrigley electric sign showing the dancing 'spear-men,' still on display on Broadway in New York." "Mr. Martin was for seven years heart manager of the ''New York Tribune''." This write-up gives him credit for the cover. Otherwise, it would have just gone to Gotham Studios. Its insignia is on the cover. Draft Registration Card, Sep 1918. Employer: Gude at 220 W. 42nd St. ''Good Hardware'', ''Progressive Grocer'' ("voice of the retail food industry"), and ''Silent Hostess'' (for homemakers). Martin illustrated the inaugural

cover for ''Progressive Grocer''. Coincidentally, his H-O Oats model later became one of its associate editors, 1956–61. He was mentioned in a magazine for war veterans. As follows: "The cover design on this issue of ''Foreign Service'' is a two-color reproduction of the official 1932 Buddy Poppy poster.""Parade"
''Altoona (Pa.) Tribune'', May 21, 1932 p. 5; ''Brownsville (Tex.) Herald'', May 11, 1932 p. 8; May 17, 1933 p. 2; ''Hartford Courant'', May 22, 1932 p. A8 (street view); ''

New Castle News The ''New Castle News'' is a six-day (Monday through Saturday) daily newspaper published in New Castle, Pennsylvania, and covering Lawrence County. It is owned by CNHI. The ''News'' also publishes an 8,700-circulation weekly newspaper in nearby ...

'', May 16, 1932 p. 10; ''Redlands Daily Facts'', May 19, 1933 p. 8; ''

The Tennessean ''The Tennessean'' (known until 1972 as ''The Nashville Tennessean'') is a daily newspaper in Nashville, Tennessee. Its circulation area covers 39 counties in Middle Tennessee and eight counties in southern Kentucky. It is owned by Gannett, w ...

'', May 28, 1932 p. 7; ''Medford (Ore.) Mail Tribune'', May 21, 1933 p. 4; ''San Bernardino Daily Sun'', May 22, 1933 p. 3; ''Bakersfield Californian'', May 23, 1933 p. 7; ''

The Albuquerque Tribune ''The Albuquerque Tribune'' was an afternoon newspaper in Albuquerque, New Mexico, founded in 1922 by Carlton Cole Magee as ''Magee's Independent''. It was published in the afternoon and evening Monday through Saturday. Scott Ware served as ed ...

'', May 26, 1933 p. 15. It appeared

in print An out-of-print (OOP) or out-of-commerce item or work is something that is no longer being published. The term applies to all types of printed matter, visual media, sound recordings, and video recordings. An out-of-print book is a book that is ...

just prior to

Memorial Day Memorial Day (originally known as Decoration Day) is a federal holiday in the United States for mourning the U.S. military personnel who died while serving in the United States Armed Forces. It is observed on the last Monday of May. It i ...

. [It was so named because former soldiers used that word when remembering their killed in

.] "The original was painted in oil by the late Paul Martin, noted New York poster artist who died suddenly on March 19th, following a serious operation. The poster has been pronounced as one of the most striking and appropriate designs ever used ... to depict the symbolism of the Buddy Poppy." Allied soldiers.">Allies_of_World_War_I.html" ;"title="amely, a red artificial flower worn in honor of the fallen Allies of World War I">Allied soldiers."It was completed shortly before the artist's death and is believed to have been his last important assignment [vague]. Those familiar with Paul Martin's career as an artist, declare the 1932 Buddy Poppy poster to be one of his best creations." It was pictured in newspapers nationally from 1932 to 33.

Fisk tire boy

The Fisk Rubber Company was making tires for automobiles, bicycles, and carriages by 1901. Its factory was located along the riverfront in Chicopee Falls, Mass. The plant pumped out some 230,000 tires in August 1921. Fisk struggled financially before and during the

Great Depression The Great Depression was a severe global economic downturn from 1929 to 1939. The period was characterized by high rates of unemployment and poverty, drastic reductions in industrial production and international trade, and widespread bank and ...

.''The Rubber Age'', Jan 25, 1928 pp. 419, 424. Competition from Montgomery Ward and Sears (high-volume sellers) set off a price war. ''The Rubber Age'', Jan 10, 1931 pp. 350–52; Dec 10, 193
p. 211
The company posted three straight years of losses and entered

receivership In law, receivership is a situation in which an institution or enterprise is held by a receiver – a person "placed in the custodial responsibility for the property of others, including tangible and intangible assets and rights" – especia ...

in Jan 1931. Internet Archive. It was acquired by U.S. Rubber (makers of the U.S. Royal brand) in 1940. Its worldwide subsidiaries (under various names) received the unifying name of

Uniroyal Uniroyal, formerly known as the United States Rubber Company, is an American manufacturer of tires and other synthetic rubber-related products, as well as variety of items for military use, such as ammunition, explosives, chemical weapons and op ...

(1966). This mega-company merged with another to form Uniroyal Goodrich (1986). Its tire division was sold to

Michelin Michelin ( , ), in full ("General Company of the Michelin Enterprises P.L.S."), is a French multinational tyre manufacturing company based in Clermont-Ferrand in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes '' région'' of France. It is the second largest t ...

(1990). Affiliated dealers of Fisk tires included

Kmart Kmart ( ), formerly legally registered as Kmart Corporation, now operated by Transformco, is a department-store chain and online retailer in the United States and Territories of the United States, its territories. It operates four remaining Kma ...

(1962–78)''Greenville (S.C.) News'', Nov 8, 1962 p. 48; Dec 13, 1962 p. 49. ''

News and Observer ''The News & Observer'' is an American regional daily newspaper that serves the greater Triangle area based in Raleigh, North Carolina. The paper is the largest in circulation in the state (second is the '' Charlotte Observer''). The paper has be ...

'', Mar 4, 1965 p. 23; Jan 11, 1978 p. 15. ''Poughkeepsie Journal'', Aug 30, 1977 p. 17; ''

The Charlotte Observer ''The Charlotte Observer'' is an American newspaper serving Charlotte, North Carolina, and its metro area. The Observer was founded in 1886. it has the second-largest circulation of any newspaper in the Carolinas. It is owned by Chatham Asset ...

'', Feb 20, 1978 p. A10.

ads. Newspapers.com. and

Discount Tire The Reinalt-Thomas Corporation, doing business as Discount Tire and America's Tire, is an American tire and wheel retailer. It operates in 38 of the lower 48 states, and headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona. Founded in 1960, it is considered ...

(1996–2014). Dormant years: 1981–95. Martin completely reshaped a once-famous and whimsical character in American advertising. It was the Fisk Rubber Company's "

bedtime Bedtime (also called putting to bed or tucking in) is a ritual part of parenting to help children feel more secure and become accustomed to a more rigid schedule of sleep than they might prefer. The ritual of bedtime is aimed at facilitating th ...

boy," who shouldered an oversized tire while dangling a lighted candle. It came with the motoring message, "Time to Re-tire" (debut 1910).''

San Francisco Call ''The San Francisco Call'' was a newspaper that served San Francisco, California. Because of a succession of mergers with other newspapers, the paper variously came to be called ''The San Francisco Call & Post'', the ''San Francisco Call-Bulleti ...

'', Dec 1, 191
p. 7
Apr 30, 191
p. 44
''San Francisco Chronicle'', Dec 1, 1910 p. 5; ''Los Angeles Express'', Dec 2, 1910 p. 23; ''

Oakland Tribune The ''Oakland Tribune'' was a daily newspaper published in Oakland, California, and a predecessor of the '' East Bay Times''. It was published by the Bay Area News Group (BANG), a subsidiary of MediaNews Group. Founded in 1874, the ''Tribune'' ...

'', Dec 4, 1910 p. 38; May 7, 1911 p. 37; ''The Oregon Journal'', Dec 4, 1910 sec. 4, p. 12; ''The Spokesman-Review'', Dec 11, 1910 p. D9; ''Town Talk'' ( mag), Dec 24, 191
p. 50
''

Wallaces' Farmer Farm Progress is the publisher of 22 farming and ranching magazines. The company's oldest publication began in 1819. Farm Progress Companies is owned by Informa. Farm Progress has the oldest known continuously published magazine, ''Prairie Farmer ...

'', Apr 7, 1911 p. 8; ''

'', Aug 17, 1911 p. 276; Apr 4, 1912 p. 679; '' Daily Missoulian'', Mar 25, 1912 p. 7; Apr 8, 1912 p. 2; '' Times-Dispatch'', Apr 14, 1912 p. last; ''

Country Life in America ''Country Life in America'' was an American shelter magazine, first published in November 1901 as an illustrated monthly by Doubleday, Page & Company. Henry H. Saylor was the initial managing editor, and Robert M. McBride started his career at ...

'', Apr 15, 1912 p. 86; ''

'', Apr 20, 1912 p. 30; ''

Motor An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert one or more forms of energy into mechanical energy. Available energy sources include potential energy (e.g. energy of the Earth's gravitational field as exploited in hydroelectric power gene ...

'', Apr 1912 p. 26; '' Suburban Life'', Apr 1912 p. 290. These are appearances of the advertising character

between Dec 1910 & Apr 1912. It also showed up on picture postcards inks 1, 3in Dec 1910.Early History1
''Printers' Ink'', Dec 26, 1912 p. 78. Titled "Development of 'Fisk Boy' as Trade Figure." The sleepy-eyed character was created in 1910. It months later on penny postcards. They were typically mailed & between Dec 1910 and 1912. They are now on the collector's market.Early History2
''The Poster'', Nov 1913 p. 55. Titled "Why the Fisk Rubber Company Uses Posters." Advertising manager M. G. (Mabel Garetta) Webber: "He appeared first in 1910.
Early History3
''Judicious Advertising'', Jan 1913 p. 71. HathiTrust. This catchphrase had a simple

double meaning A double entendre (plural double entendres) is a figure of speech or a particular way of wording that is devised to have a double meaning, one of which is typically obvious, and the other often conveys a message that would be too socially unacc ...

. The lad's original prodigious yawn changed to a smile in early 1929. Martin was then commissioned to come up with a slightly more aged, modern-day figure in late 1929.''

Editor & Publisher ''Editor & Publisher'' (''E&P'') is an American monthly trade news magazine covering the news media industry. Published since 1901, ''Editor & Publisher'' is the self-described "bible of the newspaper industry," with offices in Hendersonville, ...

'', March 29, 194
p. 36
Martin's contributions to "Master PJs" are indirectly mentioned. Excerpt: "At one time, they put him in a modern suit of pajamas ndmade him a little older." Internet Archive. The objective was to update the heavily publicized trademark, while still maintaining its charm and familiarity. Transition Process: 1. The boy's one-piece sleeper became a two-piece pajama set. 2. Added for extra style were the zip-up slippers. 3. His four-year-old nephew served as the model (neck down only).''The Daily Argus'' (Mount Vernon, N.Y.), Jul 11, 192
p. 1
(PDF). : "Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Willey." It mentions Martin's nephew and nieces: Walter Jr., Adele, and Edna. These four are uniquely tied together

Studio portrait, 1930.

. 4. The stance and all-important props remained basically intact, but with the latest tire design and a more fashionable, less-tilted candleholder. Many newspapers ran a story that complimented the new look, May–June 1930. The youngster was described as more boyish, energetic, fit, and modern ("in keeping with the times"). The publicity manager at Fisk provided a review in March 1930. As follows: "a happy, smiling, 100 percent American boy in his little two-piece pajama radiating good cheer, ruddy-cheeked and tousle-headed, snappy and wide awake, standing in the old-time pose."''Printers' Ink'', Mar 27, 193
pp. 10, 12 (quote)
Titled "Don't Be Afraid to Improve Your Trade-Mark; Even the Long-Famous Time to Re-tire Boy Has Been Modernized." The boy's three stages are pictured and reviewed. This is a rare

primary source In the study of history as an academic discipline, a primary source (also called an original source) is an Artifact (archaeology), artifact, document, diary, manuscript, autobiography, recording, or any other source of information that was cre ...

on the third and final stage. It erroneously states the year in which the original boy was created. Draft Registration Card, 1918. This corrects another error. Giffen was born on Mar 3, 1886. ''Printers' Ink'', Dec 26, 1912 p. 78; ''The Poster'', Nov 1913 p. 55. Earliest sources. They correctly state that the advertising icon was brought to life in 1910. ''Catalogue of Copyright Entries'', pt. 4, vol. 5, 191
pp. 2, 299
© Jun 1, 1910. It had not yet appeared in print."Modernize"
''

Shreveport Journal The ''Shreveport Journal'' was an American newspaper originally published by H. P. Benton in Shreveport and Bossier City in northwestern Louisiana. In operation from at least 1897, it ceased publication in 1991. History The name ''The Journal ...

'', May 1, 1930 p. 3. Newspapers.com. This updated version was used to promote the newly introduced "Air-Flight" tires. This character appeared in thirteen issues of ''

'', between Feb 8 and Aug 23 of 1930. It was offered to the public as a colorful art print that could be framed. The cheerful mascot showed up in many different formats. These were either with or without a facial touch-up. (Three signed variants are pictured.) It was featured on the front cover and

endpaper The endpapers or end-papers of a book (also known as the endsheets) are the pages that consist of a double-size sheet folded, with one half pasted against an inside cover (the pastedown), and the other serving as the first free page (the free ...

s of fairy tale or folktale books for children in 1931. Titles follow (8 total): ''Candy Land'', ''Jack and the Bean Stalk'', ''Little Black Sambo'', ''Peter Rabbit'', ''Pied Piper'', ''Three Bears'', ''Three Little Kittens'', and ''Three Little Pigs''. They were generically subtitled ''Time to Re-tire: A Bedtime Story''. The mascot also appeared on ashtrays, bridge score pads, cigarette cases, electrical clocks, jigsaw puzzles,

matchbook A matchbook is a small paperboard folder (known as a matchcover) enclosing a quantity of matches and having a coarse striking surface on the exterior. The folder is opened to access the matches, which are attached in a comb-like arrangement ...

s, posters & rubber heel replacements for shoes. These were complimentary items for existing or potential customers (excluding the clocks). Martin's lively figure was on retailers' data books, store windows, letterheads, and mailing envelopes. It showed up in miniature form in '' The American Boy'', ''

Boys' Life ''Scout Life'' (formerly ''Boys' Life'') is the monthly magazine of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). Its target readers are children between the ages of 6 and 18. The magazine‘s headquarters are in Irving, Texas. ''Scout Life'' is published ...

'', automotive or trade magazines, and hundreds of newspapers from 1930 to 34. However, Fisk advertisements were fairly rare from 1931 to 1936. Some two-thirds of the Fisk dealers lost their franchise in November 1930. They did not meet the new financial requirement. This drastic corporate downsizing was done to reduce operating costs. It followed three consecutive years of declining sales and mounting debts. The

had devastated the entire rubber industry through fierce

price war A price war is a form of market competition in which companies within an industry engage in aggressive pricing activity "characterized by the repeated cutting of prices below those of competitors". This leads to a cycle, where each competitor att ...

s. This downward spiral was already taking place due to competition from mail-order houses. Martin's figure was never firmly established with a strong promotion campaign. It would have involved significant (yet necessary) expenditures."Be Cautious"
''

'', Jan 1, 1920 p. 70. Excerpt: "difference of opinion." A character that gradually changed might have been more accepted by the public, including retailers. Otherwise, a far more vigorous promotion campaign would have been necessary. ''Advertising Age'', Apr 3, 193
p. 10
Subheading: "Consumers Rebel." Nostalgia wins out. Fisk defaulted on interest payments to bondholders and entered

in January 1931. The

restructuring Restructuring or Reframing is the corporate management term for the act of reorganizing the legal, ownership, operational, or other structures of a company for the purpose of making it more profitable, or better organized for its present needs. ...

process ended with the naming of a new management team, May 1933. They decided to go back to the original character based on public sentiment in late 1934. This was an unusual regression, as other companies had successfully modernized their mascots, some even multiple times. Timetable. The pajama-clad boy went through three distinct stages, as seen

. They are as follows: 1. 1910–28, 1935–present (on and off). The original. It was created by

Burr Giffen Burr E. Giffen (March 3, 1886 - April 2, 1965) was an American artist and illustrator working in New York City. His most famous creation was while he was working for an Advertising Company in 1910. He created the Fisk Tire Company Boy holding a ...

. 2. 1929–30. The yawn turned into a smile. Uncredited. 3. 1930–34. Modernized. It was updated by Paul Martin. His credits included all of those that showed the two-piece pajamas. It was publicly introduced in the ''Saturday Evening Post'' issue of February 8, 1930. Incidental note:

drew paintings of the trade character, which were published in 1917–20 & 23–25. Overall notes: Occasionally, the old character lingered on after a changeover. Minor touch-ups were made in various years. He built up a reputation for drawing boys. It earned him the coveted commission. A common practice among artists back then was to create their own niche. The subjects of boys, dogs and pretty women were popular themes.

Magazine cover illustrator

Artist signed. However, four are imprinted with the words "Cover by Paul Martin." His signature remained fairly consistent—with a curved P & M, slanted t

crossbar Crossbar may refer to: Structures * Latch (hardware), a post barring a door * Top tube of a bicycle frame * Crossbar, the horizontal member of various sports goals * Crossbar, a horizontal member of an electricity pylon Other * In electroni ...

, and underline mark. Also, the first name was written above the last name. His artwork on ''Foreign Service'' cover was initially sold to ''Parents'' in 1930. However, it went unused. Hence, it was sold by ''Parents'' to American Lithographic to ''Foreign Service''. Martin's artwork for ''Die Hausfrau'' had previously appeared on Gerlach Barklow products. ''Farm & Fireside'' became ''Country Home'' in early January 1930. ''Parents'' 25th anniversary issue came out in October 1951. Its

silver jubilee Silver Jubilee marks a 25th anniversary. The anniversary celebrations can be of a wedding anniversary, the 25th year of a monarch's reign or anything that has completed or is entering a 25-year mark. Royal Silver Jubilees since 1750 Note: This ...

cover featured miniature versions of 25 previous covers (one for each year from 1926 to 1950). This

composite Composite or compositing may refer to: Materials * Composite material, a material that is made from several different substances ** Metal matrix composite, composed of metal and other parts ** Cermet, a composite of ceramic and metallic material ...

included three of Martin's. Their dates of issue were Oct 1928, Aug 1929 and Oct 1930. He therefore won, in a way, ''Parents'' prestigious " Cover of the Year" award for 1928, 29 & 30. The first issue with that long-standing abbreviated title was August 1929. The following list contains thirty-seven known credits, including three from September 1925. These are all consumer (not trade) magazines. The latter are mentioned above under "Commercial artist." * '' The American Girl'' (1917–1979): Oct 1931 * ''

'' (1888–Jan. 1957): 1923-05-26, 1924-02-02, 1924-06-28, 1924-10-25, 1924-11-22, 1924-12-27, 1925-05-02, 1925-05-30, 1925-06-27, 1925-07-04, 1925-07-25, 1925-09-19, 1925-10-31, 1926-01-16, 1926-02-13, 1926-05-22, 1926-12-25, 1927-02-26, 1927-08-13, and 1927-08-27 * '' Everybody's'' (1899–1929): Sep 1925 * '' Farm & Fireside / Country Home'' (1877–1939): Nov 1923, Aug 1930 * ''

The Farmer's Wife ''The Farmer's Wife'' is a 1928 British silent romantic comedy film directed by Alfred Hitchcock and starring Jameson Thomas, Lillian Hall-Davis and Gordon Harker. It is adapted from a 1916 play of the same name by British novelist, poet an ...

'' (1897–1939): Jan 1931 * ''

Foreign Service Foreign Service may refer to: * Diplomatic service, the body of diplomats and foreign policy officers maintained by the government of a country * United States Foreign Service, the diplomatic service of the United States government **Foreign Service ...

'' (1914–present): May 1932 * ''Die Hausfrau'' (1904–present): Apr 1936 * ''

'' (1924–1950): Sep 12, 1925 * ''

Parents A parent is either the progenitor of a child or, in humans, it can refer to a caregiver or legal guardian, generally called an adoptive parent or step-parent. Parents who are progenitors are first-degree relatives and have 50% genetic meet. ...

'' (Oct 1926–2022): Oct 1928, Feb 1929, May 1929, Aug 1929, Oct 1929, Feb 1930, Oct 1930 * '' People's Home Journal'' (1885–1929): May 1928, Nov 1928

Book illustrator

His contributions to

short stories A short story is a piece of prose fiction. It can typically be read in a single sitting and focuses on a self-contained incident or series of linked incidents, with the intent of evoking a single effect or mood. The short story is one of the old ...

include the following:"Short Turns and Encores" by

Dorothy Parker Dorothy Parker (née Rothschild; August 22, 1893 – June 7, 1967) was an American poet and writer of fiction, plays and screenplays based in New York; she was known for her caustic wisecracks, and eye for 20th-century urban foibles. Parker ros ...

and others, ''Saturday Evening Post'', July 29, 1922 p. 16."The Blanket" by

Floyd Dell Floyd James Dell (June 28, 1887 – July 23, 1969) was an American newspaper and magazine editor, literary critic, novelist, playwright, and poet. Dell has been called "one of the most flamboyant, versatile and influential American Men of Letters ...

, ''

'', October 16, 1926 p. 18."The Unfairway" by Burford Lorimer (son of

George Horace Lorimer George Horace Lorimer (October 6, 1867 – October 22, 1937) was an American journalist, editor, author and publisher who worked as the editor of ''The Saturday Evening Post'' from 1899 to 1936. During his time as editor, circulation rose from s ...

), ''Collier's'', December 25, 1926 pp. 22–23."Tragedy" by Eve Bernstein, ''

Scribner's Magazine ''Scribner's Magazine'' was an American periodical published by the publishing house of Charles Scribner's Sons from January 1887 to May 1939. ''Scribner's Magazine'' was the second magazine out of the Scribner's firm, after the publication of ...

'', April 1928 p. 479."On the Dark Trail" by Franklin Holt (real name Russell M. Coryell), ''Scribner's Magazine'', July 1928 p. 71. The first six listed below are fictional or semi-fictional books for children. It includes a collaboration with Howard R. Garis. This genre often required a more animated, imaginative, and whimsical drawing style (yet still in sync with the story). BaseballDetective

* ''Philus, the Stable Boy of Bethlehem'', Edmund J. Cleveland, with a foreword by the Rt. Rev. Charles L. Slattery, Sep 1927 (credits:

dust jacket The dust jacket (sometimes book jacket, dust wrapper or dust cover) of a book is the detachable outer cover, usually made of paper and printed with text and illustrations. This outer cover has folded flaps that hold it to the front and back book ...

frontispiece Frontispiece may refer to: * Frontispiece (books), a decorative illustration facing a book's title page * Frontispiece (architecture) In architecture, the term frontispiece is used to describe the Façade, principal face of the building, usually ...

, facing pp. 52, 66, 124). It contains eleven short stories covering the church year. In the opener, a stable boy is present at the Nativity. These stories are pseudo-narratives with a moral message. * ''Puck Chasers, Incorporated'', Charles G. Muller, Sep 1927 (credits: dust jacket, frontispiece, facing pp. 89, 164). Students popularize a sport by overcoming obstacles. It takes place at the Fisk School for Boys in East Grand Rapids, Michigan. This is one of the earliest books about

ice hockey Ice hockey (or simply hockey in North America) is a team sport played on ice skates, usually on an Ice rink, ice skating rink with Ice hockey rink, lines and markings specific to the sport. It belongs to a family of sports called hockey. Tw ...

. Its predecessors largely focused instead on a variety of winter sports. * ''Araminta'', Helen Cady Forbes, Nov 1927 (credits: , , facing pp. 134, 212). Araminta turns eleven years old and finds a baby, who turns out to have been kidnapped. * ''The Prince and the Pig's Gate'', Robert Hugh Morris, May 1928 (credits: dj, fp, facing pp. 48, 134, 166). Intro: "Unsophisticated tales for children of all ages—up to 99." * ''The Baseball Detective'', Charles G. Muller, Aug 1928 (credits: dj, fp, facing pp. 22, 132, 250). There is

baseball Baseball is a bat-and-ball games, bat-and-ball sport played between two team sport, teams of nine players each, taking turns batting (baseball), batting and Fielding (baseball), fielding. The game occurs over the course of several Pitch ...

, competition, friendship, and mystery at the Fisk School for Boys. * ''Chad of Knob Hill'', Howard R. Garis, Sep 1929 (credits: dj, fp, pp. 14, 60, 85, 97, 163, 187, 213, 281). This book is about a branch of the

Boy Scouts of America Scouting America is the largest scouting organization and one of the largest List of youth organizations, youth organizations in the United States, with over 1 million youth, including nearly 200,000 female participants. Founded as the Boy Sco ...

. A marching troop crosses the path of an overworked farmhand, who promptly decides to take their

oath Traditionally, an oath (from Old English, Anglo-Saxon ', also a plight) is a utterance, statement of fact or a promise taken by a Sacred, sacrality as a sign of Truth, verity. A common legal substitute for those who object to making sacred oaths ...

. Garis created stories about

Uncle Wiggily Uncle Wiggily Longears is the main character of a series of children's stories by American author Howard R. Garis. He began writing the stories for the ''Newark News'' in 1910. Garis penned an Uncle Wiggily story every day (except Sundays) for mo ...

, a gentlemanly rabbit afflicted with

rheumatism Rheumatism or rheumatic disorders are conditions causing chronic, often intermittent pain affecting the joints or connective tissue. Rheumatism does not designate any specific disorder, but covers at least 200 different conditions, including a ...

. * ''Stories of and Yesterday'', Frederick Houk Law, editor, Feb 1930 (frontispiece). It's an instructional guide for older students on how to read, write, and appreciate short stories. * ''The Bookshelf for Boys and Girls'', Clara Whitehill Hunt, lead editor, fall 1930 and fall 1931 (dust jackets, both sides). The best books for children are selected. Authoritative catalog.

Tennis

Martin debuted on the circuit in 1909. He was nationally ranked for the first time in 1918 (at No. 91). He was ranked among the top thirty tennis players in the

, 1920–25, 28. (Top twenty, 1923–24.) Metro players were not officially ranked until 1920. He was known for making accurate backcourt shots. Martin won numerous trophies (or awards) in singles, doubles, and mixed doubles (with Lauretta) between 1919 & 1931. He was the first singles champion of the Sunningdale Country Club at Scarsdale, 1920."Second Annual Tournament"
''American Lawn Tennis'', Jun 15, 1921 p. 135. Excerpt: "The first leg on this cup was won in 1920 by Paul Martin." Martin won the Lake George and Lake Mohonk singles championships of 1924. His opponents included future

Hall of Famer A hall, wall, or walk of fame is a list of individuals, achievements, or other entities, usually chosen by a group of electors, to mark their excellence or fame in their field. In some cases, these halls of fame consist of actual halls or muse ...

Fred Alexander Frederick Beasley Alexander (August 14, 1880 – March 3, 1969) was an American tennis player in the early 20th century. He won the singles title at the 1908 Australasian Championships and six double titles at Grand Slam events. Career In 1908 ...

Jean Borotra Jean Laurent Robert Borotra (, ; 13 August 1898 – 17 July 1994) was a French tennis champion. He was one of the " Four Musketeers" from his country who dominated tennis in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Borotra was imprisoned in Itter Castle ...

Francis Hunter Francis "Frank" Townsend Hunter (June 28, 1894 – December 2, 1981) was an American tennis player who won an Olympic gold medal. He won the U.S. National Indoor Championships in 1922 and 1930 and the Eastern Clay Court Championships in 1919. ...

Gerald Patterson Gerald Leighton Patterson MC (17 December 1895 – 13 June 1967) was an Australian tennis player. Patterson was active in the decade following World War I. During his career he won three Grand Slam tournaments in the singles event as well as ...

,"Tilden Winner"
(last paragraph). ''New Britain Herald'', Aug 28, 1924 p. 16. ''Brooklyn Daily Eagle'', Aug 27, 192
p. 2
(6th column, last paragraph). " heAustralian

Davis Cup The Davis Cup is the premier international team event in men's tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and contested annually between teams from over 150 competing countries, making it the world's largest annual ...

captain quickly finished off his opponent, Paul Martin of New York, by taking the fourth and deciding set of their postponed match the loss of a game. The

Anzac The Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) was originally a First World War army corps of the British Empire under the command of the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force. It was formed in Egypt in December 1914, and operated during the ...

had dropped a long deuce set to Martin nMonday, but he was invincible today." This match took place at the Nationals. Patterson went on to reach the semifinals.

Bill Tilden William Tatem Tilden II (February 10, 1893 – June 5, 1953), nicknamed "Big Bill", was an American tennis player. He was the world No. 1 amateur for six consecutive years, from 1920 to 1925, and was ranked as the world No. 1 professional by Ra ...

,''The New York Times'', June 28, 1925 sec. 10
p. 6
(Danzig's column). They clashed at the

New York Athletic Club The New York Athletic Club is a Gentlemen's club, private social club and athletic club in New York (state), New York state. Founded in 1868, the club has approximately 8,600 members and two facilities: the City House, located at 180 Central Pa ...

's country home. It was located on Travers Island in New Rochelle. "Big Bill" went on to win the singles (vs. Vincent Richards) and doubles titles.

John Van Ryn John Van Ryn (June 30, 1905 – August 7, 1999) was an American tennis champion of the 1930s. He was primarily known as the doubles partner of Wilmer Allison. Van Ryn won the Seabright Invitational in New Jersey in 1928, defeating Wilmer ...

, & Marie Wagner. Martin was a doubles partner and longtime clubmate of newspaper columnist Franklin P. Adams, who wrote "

Baseball's Sad Lexicon "Baseball's Sad Lexicon," also known as "Tinker to Evers to Chance" after its refrain, is a 1910 baseball poem by Franklin Pierce Adams. The eight-line poem is presented as a single, rueful stanza from the point of view of a New York Giants fa ...

." He was teammates with 14-year-old

, the reigning national boy champion. Martin and

competed together in fifteen or more tournaments. This included the U.S. National Championships of

1920 Events January * January 1 ** Polish–Soviet War: The Russian Red Army increases its troops along the Polish border from 4 divisions to 20. ** Kauniainen in Finland, completely surrounded by the city of Espoo, secedes from Espoo as its ow ...

, 21 & 24.''NY Tribune'', Aug 31, 1920 p. 11; ''Bklyn. Daily Eagle'', Sep 1, 1921 p. 2; ''The Sun'', Aug 20, 1924 p. 26. Men's singles. Tilden won the event from 1920 to 25. The latter was played at Forest Hills Stadium (opened in 1923) and on its outside courts, Aug 25–Sep 2, 1924. His first-round opponent was former co- World No. 1,

of Australia. 41-year-old Martin won a set but lost the match, 4–6, 4–6, 9–7, 0–6. There was a two-day

rain delay Rainout, washout, rain delay, and rain stopped play are terms regarding an outdoor event, generally a sporting event, delayed or canceled due to rain, or the threat of rain. It is not to be confused with a type of out in baseball, though a basebal ...

after the third set. He competed in four consecutive National Veterans' Championships (for ages 45 and over) at Forest Hills from 1928 to 31."Results"
''The Evening Star'', Sep 14, 1928 p. 52; ''Spalding's Tennis Annual'', 1929 (for '28), p. 51. He lost to Philip B. Hawk in the quarter-finals, 2–6, 6–4, 5–7. ''Spalding's'', 1930 (for '29), p. 31; ''Amer. Lawn Tennis'', Sep 20, 192
pp. 483–84
"

artin Artin may refer to: * Artin (name), a surname and given name, including a list of people with the name ** Artin, a variant of Harutyun Harutyun ( and in Western Armenian Յարութիւն) also spelled Haroutioun, Harutiun and its variants Har ...

was the other hero of this encounter, which required 48 games." ''Spalding's'', 1931 p. 27. ''Wright & Ditson Officially Adopted Lawn Tennis Guide'', 1932 p. 13. He lasted until the third or fourth round in all four events. ''Christian Science Monitor'', Sep 18, 1928 p. 6; ''Time'', Sep 18, 1933 p. 26 (ages). He was a standout singles and doubles player for two tennis clubs: University Heights (Bronx, ) and County (Hartsdale, N.Y.). Martin was

caught up Caught Up may refer to: * ''Caught Up'' (film), directed by Darin Scott, 1998 * ''Caught Up'' (soundtrack), the soundtrack to the 1998 crime film * ''Caught Up'' (Millie Jackson album), 1974 *''Caught Up'', by Sarah Close, 2017 * "Caught Up" (Ja R ...

in the fallout of a ruling, 1924. It prohibited players from writing for profit after a certain date. The distinction between amateurism and professionalism was hotly contested and debated from Feb to Dec 1924. Martin came out "in favor of a reconsideration of the matter." He often acted as the women's

referee A referee is an official, in a variety of sports and competition, responsible for enforcing the rules of the sport, including sportsmanship decisions such as ejection. The official tasked with this job may be known by a variety of other title ...

. He organized youth tournaments while serving on the

Briarcliff Lodge The Briarcliff Lodge was a luxury resort in the village of Briarcliff Manor, New York. It was a notable example of Tudor Revival architecture, and was one of the largest wooden structures in the United States. It was also the first hotel in West ...

Sports Club committee. The

Westchester County Westchester County is a county located in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of New York, bordering the Long Island Sound and the Byram River to its east and the Hudson River on its west. The county is the seventh most populous cou ...

Tennis League began play with six teams in 1926. It held the annual Paul Martin singles tournament for eighty-four years, between 1932 and 2019. This event was initiated by player and executive Fenimore Cady, June 1932. The winners had their names engraved on the base of a cup. It was donated by Lauretta in 1934. She and Paul both played in the (

US Open U.S. Open or US Open are open championship sporting tournaments that are hosted in the United States and in which anyone, especially amateur and professional, or American and non-American, may compete. The term may also be applied to non-sporting ev ...

)."First Round Schedule"
(2 p.m.). ''New York Tribune'', Aug 14, 1921 pt. 1, p. 19. She competed in the Nationals (US Open) at Forest Hills in 1921. The final match was between Mary Browne and Molla Mallory. This tournament featured the much-publicized American debut of

Suzanne Lenglen Suzanne Rachel Flore Lenglen (; 24 May 1899 – 4 July 1938) was a French tennis player. She was the inaugural world No. 1 from 1921 to 1926, winning eight Grand Slam titles in singles and twenty-one in total. She was also a four-time World ...

. They regularly teamed up in

mixed doubles Mixed doubles or mixed pairs is a form of mixed-sex sports that consists of teams of one man and one woman. This variation of competition is prominent in curling and racket sports, such as tennis, table tennis, and badminton (where it is known ...

. His wartime painting was once displayed in the main gallery of the

. Its gift shop offered a coffee mug and postcard version. The following list only includes open or invitational tournaments. They were all sanctioned by the

United States Lawn Tennis Association The United States Tennis Association (USTA) is the national governing body for tennis in the United States. A not-for-profit organization with more than 700,000 members, it invests 100% of its proceeds to promote and develop the growth of tenn ...

(one exception: next ). Their results largely determined the player rankings and who qualified for the

National National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, c ...

s. These are semi-majors, categorized by the event's host. Total finals: 30. A breakdown follows. ServeYourCountry

Wins (11)

Singles

*1920: Sunningdale (Scarsdale, ) *1924: Lake George Tennis Club ( Warren County) *1924: Lake Mohonk TC (

Ulster County Ulster County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. It is situated along the Hudson River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 181,851. The county seat is Kingston. The county is named after the Irish province of Ulster. The count ...

)

Consolation Singles

*1915: Merriewold TC ( Sullivan County)

Doubles

*1922:

*1924: Lake George *1924: Lake Mohonk *1925: Lake George *1925: West Side (for veterans over age 39) *1931: Lake George

Mixed Doubles

*1920: New York TC (with Lauretta; for married couples)

Runners-up (19)

Singles

* 1919: Woodmere Club () * 1922: Essex County () CC &

Powelton Club Powelton Club is located between US 9W, Interstate 84, Balmville Road and Chestnut Lane in the hamlet of Balmville, New York, United States, just north of the city of Newburgh, in the Town of Newburgh. Originally established as an archery cl ...

(Newburgh, N.Y.) *1923: Amackassin Club (Yonkers) & Harlem (Manhattan) TC *1924: Oritani Field Club (Hackensack, N.J.) &

Stamford Yacht Club The Stamford Yacht Club is located in Stamford, Connecticut. The club is located on Stamford Harbor, and has approximately 550 members. The current commodore is Claudia P. Recker. The yacht club hosts a number of significant sailboat races during ...

*1925: Lake George and Lake Mohonk *1930: Lake George

Doubles

*1921: Greenwich () & Milford () Field Club *1925: Lake Mohonk *1926: South Yonkers *1930: Lake George *1931: Lake Mohonk''American Lawn Tennis'', Sep 1, 1923 p. 404 (singles quarter-finalist & mixed doubles semi-finalist); Aug 15, 192
p. 370
(singles & doubles titles, mixed doubles semi-finalist); ''The Kingston Daily Freeman'', Jul 29, 1924 p. 12 (singles & doubles titles); ''The NY Times'', Jul 18, 192
p. 11
(singles & doubles runners-up); ''Long Island News and the Owl'', Jul 18, 1929 p. 1 (doubles semi-finalist); ''The Poughkeepsie Eagle News'', Jul 13, 193
p. 10
(PDF) (doubles runner-up).

Mixed Doubles

*1921: Milford (Pa.) *1925: Lake George (with Lauretta) *1930: Lake George (with Lauretta)''American Lawn Tennis'', Sep 15, 192
p. 536
(singles & doubles titles); ''Lake George Mirror'', Aug 16, 192
p. 9
(singles & doubles titles); Aug 15, 192
p. 7
(doubles title, singles & mixed doubles runners-up); Jul 12, 193
p. 3
(singles, doubles & mixed doubles runners-up); ''Citizen-Sentinel'', Jul 16, 1931 p. 12 (singles quarter-finalist); ''The NY Times'', Jul 19, 1931 sec. 10, p. 7 (doubles title). ''The Yonkers Statesman'', Jul 20, 193
p. 14
(PDF). Heading: "Bassford, Martin Win." His wife was the runner-up in consolation singles. Wayback Machine. Links 2–4 are via NYSHistoricNewspapers.org. These are the known finals. Results in mixed doubles were often not recorded. Martin also won many other tournaments, which were open only to members of the County Tennis Club in

Hartsdale Hartsdale is a hamlet located in the town of Greenburgh, Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 5,293 at the 2010 census. It is a suburb of New York City. History Hartsdale, a CDP/hamlet/post-office in the town of Gre ...

. The Martins sometimes played on the circuit during road trips.

Grand Slams (majors)

This list is based solely on appearances. He lasted until the specified number of rounds. National singles (3): 1920-.

1921 Events January * January 2 ** The Association football club Cruzeiro Esporte Clube, from Belo Horizonte, is founded as the multi-sports club Palestra Italia by Italian expatriates in First Brazilian Republic, Brazil. ** The Spanish lin ...

-2R. 1924-2R. auretta 1921-1R National Veterans' singles—for ages 45 and over—(4): 1928-4R. 1929-4R. 1930-3R. 1931-3R. Interest in the event later declined. It was renamed the

Seniors in 1968.

University Heights Tennis Club

Martin was a longtime committee and playing member of the University Heights and lived in the immediate area. He competed in its annual North Side tournaments from 1913 to 1929 (except for 1914, 26). These open events attracted a large number of entries. Martin reached the semifinals in 1913, 24 & 28. Singles (13): 1915-5R. 1916-3R. 1917-2R. 1918-4R. 1919-5R. 1920-3R. 1922-3R. 1923-4R. 1924-/6R. 1925-3R. 1927-3R. 1928-SF/6R. 1929-2R. Doubles (6): 1913-SF/4R. 1915-3R. 1916-3R. 1919-1R. 1920-3R. 1921-1R. 1922- Mixed doubles: 1923-1R. 1924-2R.

Memberships

These spans were compiled from periodical and newspaper accounts. Maplewood (N.J.) , 1909–12. University Heights (Bronx) TC, 1913–26. County (Hartsdale) , 1926–32. Martin played on the circuit for 23 consecutive years, 1909–31. His wife was active on the circuit between 1914 and 1931.''The Sun'', Aug 26, 191
p. 8
She was runner-up in mixed doubles at Merriewood
"Starts Well"
''The New York Times'', Jul 10, 1919 p. 17; ''New York Tribune'', Sep 23, 192
p. 15
Marie Wagner won with ease. ''NY Tribune'', Mar 17, 192
p. 13
Mar 18, 1920 p. 13. Mrs. Martin teamed up with schoolgir
Ceres Baker
at the 7th Regt. Armory. Commons. ''The Yonkers Statesman'', Jul 20, 1931 p. 14. Lauretta was the consolation singles runner-up at Lake George. His older brother Ralph participated in tournaments in 1909, 11, 21–22. The brothers were doubles partners, 1911.

Featured Match

It took place in the Eastern New York State championships of 1925. A firsthand account by ''New York Times'' sportswriter

Allison Danzig Allison "Al" Danzig (February 27, 1898 – January 27, 1987) was an American sportswriter who specialized in writing about tennis, but also covered college football, squash, many Olympic Games, and rowing. Danzig was the only American sportswri ...

follows. Excerpts:

Gallery of poses

File:TennisPose.jpg, (Second from right.) Doubles finalists at South Yonkers, with the tournament chairman in the middle. 1926 File:Martin_gets_check.jpg, He's receiving a winner's

check Check or cheque, may refer to: Places * Check, Virginia Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Check'' (film), a 2021 Indian Telugu-language film * "The Check" (''The Amazing World of Gumball''), a 2015 episode of ''The Amazing World of Gumball'' ...

from Schain in 1931. The to-be poster (insert) was in vogue until 1937. File:Girl_Scouts_Display.jpg, Same picture, but the painting was artistically inserted atop a bookshelf. File:LakeMohonkTennis.jpg, (7th from the top left.) A tournament is going on at

Lake Mohonk Lake Mohonk is located in Ulster County, New York, United States. It is located approximately northwest of Poughkeepsie. Activities on the lake are operated by Mohonk Mountain House. Description The small lake, long and deep, is located abov ...

. He went on to win singles and doubles. Lauretta is seated second from the lower left. 1924 File:Martin,TennisPose.jpg, Set to serve. Playing tennis while on vacation

References and notes

Notes

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Martin (illustrator), Paul 1883 births 1932 deaths American illustrators American male tennis players Artists from New York City National Academy of Design alumni New-York Tribune people Tennis players from New York (state)